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Modeling of Respiratory System
Matoušek, Josef ; Roleček, Jiří (referee) ; Jiřík, Radovan (advisor)
This thesis is concerned with respiration system simulation. The main goal of this studies is to gain knowledge of how human respiration system works, along with selecting proper algorithms and their implementation into mathematic model. These models are realized by Simulink interface, which is part of Matlab environment. Similar models are used for medical technology research, especially for artificial ventilation of the lungs. There is a practical utilisation of these models suitable for illustration and respiration system's biological processes simulation, particularly combined model described in GUIDE graphic interface - also implemented in Matlab environment.
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Obstructive sleep apnea detection using polysomnography
Smrčková, Markéta ; Mézl, Martin (referee) ; Králík, Martin (advisor)
This thesis attempts to find an alternative method for automatic detection of sleep apnea using polysomnographic data. The first part is focused on introduction to lungs anatomy and physiology of breathing, sleeping and cardiac system. The second part describes the process of sleep examination and particular components of polysomnographic data. The third part is focused on realization of specific method for sleep apnoea detection, application on real data and results evalutation.
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Teaching Program on the Topic of the Respiratory System for Elementary Schools Using Activation Methods
Bašová, Tereza ; Vojíř, Karel (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of the respiratory system and its inclusion in the teaching of natural sciences. The topic of the respiratory system can be quite abstract for pupils in terms of gas exchange or overall anatomy of the respiratory system. In the context of today's time of global pandemic, is important topical topic. In the theoretical part, the thesis deals with the analysis of the problems of the respiratory system, the analysis and content of this topic in the FEP for basic education. Within the theoretical part, classical and activating teaching methods were also analyzed, which were crucial for the subsequent creation of the educational program. The aim of the practical part of the thesis was to create and verify the proposed educational program on the topic of the respiratory system at primary school. This research was carried out in the 8th grade of elementary school and the phenomenon examined was their conceptual understanding, which was verified on the basis of mind maps before, after and with a time interval after the teaching program. The results show that the educational program had a positive effect on conceptual understanding and work using activation methods has a positive effect on pupils. It is evident from the recults that the educational program had a...
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Inquiry-based Science Education in Human Biology
DEDEK, Michal
The aim of this work was to create three authorial activating practical exercises on the topic of the human circulatory and respiratory system. Teaching with elements of research-oriented teaching (BOV) in the experimental group and exposure-type teaching (common teaching) of the same topics in the control group was statistically evaluated on the basis of the results of the pretest and two posttests. The toss of the coin determined that class 8.A (19 pupils) would be the experimental group, class 8.B (18 pupils) the control group. The verification of the created documents took place at Loir secondary school level in April 2019, in the South Bohemian Region (the city with a population ranging from 20,000 to 40,000). According to pretests, the achieved results show worse average results in the class, which was randomly selected for teaching with BOV elements, the differences of average pretest results were evaluated by the student's t-test as statistically significant (t = 4.05, sv = 35, p = 0.00 ). Differences in the average results of the first posttest (entered one week after class) were evaluated as statistically insignificant by t-test (t = 1.28, sv = 35, p = 0.21), as well as in the evaluation of differences in averages in the second posttest (entered one month after teaching; t = 0.29; sv = 35; p = 0.77). The results suggest that the teaching of BOV motivated the class selected for teaching with elements of BOV in teaching and helped it to better learning the theme. The summary of the questionnaire, which was aimed at the pupils' comments on the actual teaching of topics, showed that the pupils of the experimental group had a better learning the theme, as they could also deal with the issue in practice. Statistically significant in both posttests for the topic respiratory system (p = 0.01; respectively 0.03), not for the topic vascular system (p = 0.10; resp. 0.19). This diploma thesis is created within the project GAJU 123/2019 / S.
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Recurrent Airway Obstruction in Horses - causes, manifestations and treats disease
POTCLANOVÁ, Barbora
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the shortness of breath of horses. It is one of the most common diseases of horses. Shortness of breath of horses is also called Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or RAO which stands for Recurrent airway obstruction. The research was undertaken by means of questionnaires that were filled in by owners and horse breeders who have horses that suffer from the disease. The research was carried out on forty horses which were of different age, breed and sex and also, they were stabled, fed and treated differently. The summary of thesis and the conclusion of seriousness of diseases and different treatments were based on the results and information needed. On the basis of the results it can be said that the disease most often affects horses between the age of 5. and 7. The disease is most influenced by the environment given that the symptoms of 32 horses decreased rapidly when surroundings were changed. Soaking hay is another way how to affect the development of the disease (59%) because the amount of dust is considerably lowered and the problems are alleviated. It was also demonstrated that in 42% of cases movement does not worsen the symptoms. On the other side, the symptoms improve in 18% of cases, which makes movement a good way to improve the health condition. The greatest deterioration occurs during the summer months due to high temperatures (above 25°C). The genetic predisposition also affects the disease in 20% of cases.
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The care of the airways in the patients hospitalized at the unit care in view of patients
Klozová, Ivana ; Hocková, Jana (advisor) ; Hladká, Petra (referee)
Introduction:The management of patients with a tracheostomy tube is still current. It brings stress situation not only for the patients but also staff who care for them. This issue occurs across all disciplines. The aim of this study was to determine how they feel patients at the care of the tracheotomy while hospitalization of the intensive care unit. Methodology: The research was carried out during 2015 and 2016 at the surgical intensive care unit. The group of respondents consisted of patients with established tracheostomy tube. 80 pieces were distributed questionnaires, 73 patients responded return reached 91.25%. Results: The investigation showed that the comprehensive care of a tracheostomy for patients burdensome and unpleasant. Everyone clearly stated as the most annoying and most exhausting bother them forced to cough. 90,41% of patients reported that their aspiration meets at regular intervals to be able to prepare this fact. All of the respondents perform respiratory physiotherapy and 67.12% felt that they benefit. 95.89% of respondents suffer from a sense of social isolation. 82.19% would welcome the presence of a psychologist at the ICU. Group 80.82% think that it is adequately cared about their tracheostomy during hospitalization and all have the possibility of alternative communication.
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The problematics of securing airways of a patient with an acute respiratory disease
BABOUČKOVÁ, Martina
The topic of our Bachelor's thesis is "Problematics of securing airways of a patient with an acute respiratory disease". The aim of this thesis is to map the issue. The thesis contains the theoretical part and the research part. The theoretical part focuses on anatomy and physiology of the respiratory tract, monitoring of respiratory system, monitoring of consciousness, securing of the respiratory system and caring for the patient connected to the artificial pulmonary ventilation. Furthermore, this work also deals with nosocomial and professional infection and especially with acute respiratory disease. The research was conducted through qualitative research using a semi-structured interview with 10 qualified specialists and paramedics working at the department of Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation and at Emergency Medical Services. To designe researche were chosen for these research questions: 1. How do the paramedics protect themselves when securing the airways of a patient with acute respiratory disease? 2. How often do paramedics encounter the activity of securing airways of a patient with acute respiratory disease? 3. What is the attitude of paramedics in practice when it comes to securing the airways of a patient with acute respiratory disease? The purpose of this Bachelor's thesis is to find out how the paramedics proceed in securing the airways and how they react when they encounter the acute respiratory disease. This Bachelor's thesis serves as a material that points to the correct use of barrier protection. The result of the research shows that the paramedics meet with the respiratory disease only rarely. The questions were also aimed at the compliance with barrier protection. The main benefit of this Bachelor´s thesis should be the awareness of non-compliance with barrier protection and subsequent use of protection against respirátory disease.
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Bronchial asthma in the practice of paramedic
ŠEBEST, Jakub
Astma bronchiale is a lifelong chronic respiratory illness which affects all the age categories of population. The aim of this final work is to obtain knowledge and to analyse paramedics´ approaches used during a diagnosis and providing prehospital urgent care to patients affected by this illness.The bachelor´s work is divided into a theoretical and a research part. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy of the respiratory system, process of breathing, diagnosis and treatment in prehospital urgent care.The research of this work was realized by using recorded interview with paramedics. The aim of this research is to show the reader more viewpoints to this issue and to outline the experience of paramedics with treatment of this illness. This research demostrates that paramedics get in contact with the asthma bronchiale several times in a month, they are familiar with this illness and they know methods of its treatment. The result of the work shows how difficult the diagnostics of this illness is. Differential diagnostics also points to broad-spectrum of illnesses. Eventually, we can also enroll a wrong feedback between emergency service and medical facility. Results of this work in the theoretical part help the reader to get objective information about this matters, diagnostics and treatment of this illness in prehospital urgent care. The main contribution of this work should also be the view to the methods, approaches and experiences of paramedics during the treatment of the asthma bronchiale in prehospital urgent care. The output of the bachelor´s work is a brief manual for paramedics showing how to proceed during diagnostics and treatment of the asthma bronchiale.
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Obstructive sleep apnea detection using polysomnography
Smrčková, Markéta ; Mézl, Martin (referee) ; Králík, Martin (advisor)
This thesis attempts to find an alternative method for automatic detection of sleep apnea using polysomnographic data. The first part is focused on introduction to lungs anatomy and physiology of breathing, sleeping and cardiac system. The second part describes the process of sleep examination and particular components of polysomnographic data. The third part is focused on realization of specific method for sleep apnoea detection, application on real data and results evalutation.
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The care of the airways in the patients hospitalized at the unit care in view of patients
Klozová, Ivana ; Hocková, Jana (advisor) ; Hladká, Petra (referee)
Introduction:The management of patients with a tracheostomy tube is still current. It brings stress situation not only for the patients but also staff who care for them. This issue occurs across all disciplines. The aim of this study was to determine how they feel patients at the care of the tracheotomy while hospitalization of the intensive care unit. Methodology: The research was carried out during 2015 and 2016 at the surgical intensive care unit. The group of respondents consisted of patients with established tracheostomy tube. 80 pieces were distributed questionnaires, 73 patients responded return reached 91.25%. Results: The investigation showed that the comprehensive care of a tracheostomy for patients burdensome and unpleasant. Everyone clearly stated as the most annoying and most exhausting bother them forced to cough. 90,41% of patients reported that their aspiration meets at regular intervals to be able to prepare this fact. All of the respondents perform respiratory physiotherapy and 67.12% felt that they benefit. 95.89% of respondents suffer from a sense of social isolation. 82.19% would welcome the presence of a psychologist at the ICU. Group 80.82% think that it is adequately cared about their tracheostomy during hospitalization and all have the possibility of alternative communication.
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