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Anaphoric use of demonstratives in professional texts
MACHULOVÁ, Magdaléna
The subject of the diploma thesis is a contrastive analysis of Czech and Spanish demonstratives in anaphoric use. The aim of the work is to map a selected sample of Czech and Spanish anaphors in philosophical texts of the 21st century. The work is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, the author discusses the phenomenon of deixis, classifies determinants and demonstratives, both from the perspective of Czech and Spanish grammars. In the practical part is performed the analysis of selected samples of anaphoric expressions, which the author randomly chose using the program SketchEngine. At the end of the work, the findings are evaluated and based on a contrastive analysis of the conclusion. The work is written in the Czech language.
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Functional and translation correspondence of English demonstrative determiners in translation from English
Ledvinka, Miroslav ; Šaldová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse Czech translation counterparts of English demonstrative determiners and determine the degree of correspondence in the use of demonstratives in both languages. The first half of the theoretical chapter defines the English demonstrative determiners on the morpho-syntactic level. Demonstrative determiners in English carry either situational or textual reference, which can be further divided into anaphora, cataphora and the non-phoric reference. Demonstratives also distinguish between singular forms (this/that) and plural forms (these/those), as well as between proximal (this/these) and distal forms (that/those). The choice of either a proximal or a distal form is not always influenced by solely spatial relationships. Less frequent instances of a co- occurrence of a demonstrative and a proper name (Vantage Theory), and of demonstratives with prominent cohesive features (Gradient focus theory), are also discussed. The second half of the theoretical introduction is focused on a morpho-syntactic classification of Czech demonstratives. The inflectional character of Czech, together with the absence of the category of definiteness results in different realisations of certain grammatical structures. The quantitatively larger set of Czech demonstratives is classified...
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Information on Personal Pronouns in Czech Grammar Books
Kubeková, Michaela ; Macurová, Alena (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
This dissertation compares information on personal pronouns provided in grammar books, general linguistic analyses, dictionaries, and other essays and studies dealing with this topic. The first chapter examines seven Czech grammar books, from which information relating to personal pronouns (including spheres which relate only tangentially to personal pronouns, e.g. the formulation of the pronominal subject, the category of grammatical person, deixis, anaphora, the coherence of a text, etc.) is extracted and compared. The second chapter looks at information contained in five general linguistics manuals, and the third chapter is concerned with the information given in the three most popular dictionaries. Information contained in other publications and essays related to the topic of personal pronouns (including several foreign periodicals) is cited in the form of footnotes to the individual chapters. By way of conclusion this dissertation seeks to characterise the main divergences between the individual types of publications examined and summarise the basic differences (or similarities) in their approaches.
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Demonstrative pre-determiner in current French and its functions in text
Bečvářová, Karolina ; Loucká, Hana (advisor) ; Duběda, Tomáš (referee)
demonstrative determiner - actualization - identification - reference - deixis - anaphora - cataphora - literary narative text Demonstrative determiner actualises and identifies a noun by designation the referent of this noun. Demonstrative determiner designates the referent in space (physical surroundings of the speaker), in context, or in common shared experience. In literary text, demonstrative determiner designates the referent in context by anaphora or cataphora, in some cases it designates the referent in fictional space.
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Coreference from the Cross-lingual Perspective
Novák, Michal ; Žabokrtský, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Stede, Manfred (referee) ; Rosen, Alexandr (referee)
Coreference from the Cross-lingual Perspective Michal Nov'ak The subject of this thesis is to study properties of coreference using cross- lingual approaches. The work is motivated by the research on coreference-related linguistic typology. Another motivation is to explore whether differences in the ways how languages express coreference can be exploited to build better models for coreference resolution. We design two cross-lingual methods: the bilingually informed coreference resolution and the coreference projection. The results of our experiments with the methods carried out on Czech-English data suggest that with respect to coreference English is more informative for Czech than vice versa. Furthermore, the bilingually informed resolution applied on parallel texts has managed to outperform the monolingual resolver on both languages. In the experiments, we employ the monolingual coreference resolver and an improved method for alignment of coreferential expressions, both of which we also designed within the thesis. 1
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Coreference resolution for Universal Dependencies
Faryad, Ján ; Novák, Michal (advisor) ; Rosa, Rudolf (referee)
Title: Coreference resolution for Universal Dependencies Author: Ján Faryad Department: Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Supervisor: Mgr. Michal Novák Abstract: Coreference is an important tool for maintaining of the text coherence. Up to now, there has been no possibility to mark it in Universal Dependencies (UD), which is a project for universal description of morphology and dependency syntax. This work presents a way how to mark coreference in the UD project. It also includes a conversion of data with coreference annotation from the corpora PDT 3.0 and OntoNotes 5.0 with using a tool UDPipe for an automatic analysis of text in the UD style. This work is also aimed to implement a system for automatic resolution of pronoun coreference using machine learning. Finally, the quality of the system is evaluated by simple way. The design of the program emphasizes the language independence and compatibility with the Udapi interface, which is used for processing of the UD data. Keywords: coreference resolution, coreference, anaphora, Universal Dependencies, UD
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Spanish determiners este, ese, aquel and their Czech equivalents
Erbenová, Adéla ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Kratochvílová, Dana (referee)
The thesis is focused on the Spanish determiners este, ese, aquel, the definite article and their anaphoric function. First, the theoretical groundwork for the latter analysis is built: the deter- miners are characterized together with the anaphora as a device of discourse coherence. Then, the choice between the demonstratives este, ese, aquel and the defi- nite article in different types of nominal anaphora is analyzed using examples from the parallel corpus InterCorp. Diverse factors influencing this choice are examined. The analysis is extended with a comparative analysis in which Czech equivalents of the Spanish determiners in the same types of anaphora are compared.
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Functional and translation correspondence of English demonstrative determiners in translation from English
Ledvinka, Miroslav ; Šaldová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse Czech translation counterparts of English demonstrative determiners and determine the degree of correspondence in the use of demonstratives in both languages. The first half of the theoretical chapter defines the English demonstrative determiners on the morpho-syntactic level. Demonstrative determiners in English carry either situational or textual reference, which can be further divided into anaphora, cataphora and the non-phoric reference. Demonstratives also distinguish between singular forms (this/that) and plural forms (these/those), as well as between proximal (this/these) and distal forms (that/those). The choice of either a proximal or a distal form is not always influenced by solely spatial relationships. Less frequent instances of a co- occurrence of a demonstrative and a proper name (Vantage Theory), and of demonstratives with prominent cohesive features (Gradient focus theory), are also discussed. The second half of the theoretical introduction is focused on a morpho-syntactic classification of Czech demonstratives. The inflectional character of Czech, together with the absence of the category of definiteness results in different realisations of certain grammatical structures. The quantitatively larger set of Czech demonstratives is classified...
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Information on Personal Pronouns in Czech Grammar Books
Kubeková, Michaela ; Macurová, Alena (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
This dissertation compares information on personal pronouns provided in grammar books, general linguistic analyses, dictionaries, and other essays and studies dealing with this topic. The first chapter examines seven Czech grammar books, from which information relating to personal pronouns (including spheres which relate only tangentially to personal pronouns, e.g. the formulation of the pronominal subject, the category of grammatical person, deixis, anaphora, the coherence of a text, etc.) is extracted and compared. The second chapter looks at information contained in five general linguistics manuals, and the third chapter is concerned with the information given in the three most popular dictionaries. Information contained in other publications and essays related to the topic of personal pronouns (including several foreign periodicals) is cited in the form of footnotes to the individual chapters. By way of conclusion this dissertation seeks to characterise the main divergences between the individual types of publications examined and summarise the basic differences (or similarities) in their approaches.
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Demonstrative pre-determiner in current French and its functions in text
Bečvářová, Karolina ; Loucká, Hana (advisor) ; Duběda, Tomáš (referee)
demonstrative determiner - actualization - identification - reference - deixis - anaphora - cataphora - literary narative text Demonstrative determiner actualises and identifies a noun by designation the referent of this noun. Demonstrative determiner designates the referent in space (physical surroundings of the speaker), in context, or in common shared experience. In literary text, demonstrative determiner designates the referent in context by anaphora or cataphora, in some cases it designates the referent in fictional space.
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