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Avian communities of overgrown wetlands near fishponds in the Třeboň basin
Tuháček, Filip ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Voříšek, Petr (referee)
Wetlands are one of the most unique and threatened biotopes on earth. Encroachment, mainly due to the cessation of traditional management leads to the appearance and spread of shrubs (mostly willows, Salix spp.). ey eventually change the appearance of the wetlands into forest- like habitats. is diploma thesis describes avian communities of overgrown wetlands and compares them with those of non-overgrown wetlands, i.e., reedbeds and low vegetation (mainly sedges, Carex spp.). Although the overgrown wetlands did not have the lowest species and population densities, in comparison with non-overgrown wetlands, the densities of wetland specialists and endangered species, such as Savi's Warbler (Locustella luscinioides), Bluethroat (Luscinia sve- cica), and Water Rail (Rallus aquaticus) were lowest in the willow-dominated wetland compared to non-overgrown. Due to the overgrowth of the wetland, the avian communities are more wo- odland and common bird species, such as Common Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita), Willow Warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus), and Great Tit (Parus major). We also wanted to investigate and compare the invertebrate biomass in overgrown and non-overgrown wetlands. We wanted to find out how avian communities depend on the food resources in wetlands around the South Bohemian fish ponds....
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Possibilities of stream restoration in urban environment
Zouhar, Radim ; Veselá, Olga (referee) ; Králová, Helena (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the options of stream restoration with its surroundings in a place of nature area „Na Loukách“ in town district „Mokrá Hora“. The thesis also describes current condition and development of the land use of focused area. There is junction of three creeks in the focused area. In part of this area there is not original depth of ground water surface due to adjustment of Rakovec creek. This thesis introduces three options of increasing depth of ground water surface. Evaluation of the current condition of creeks was performed by the HEM method. Hydraulic calculations were made in HEC-RAS program.
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River and floodplain restoration of Rohelnice stream with intergation to territorial systems of ecological stability
Komárková, Adéla ; Hubačíková,, Věra (referee) ; Hyánková, Eva (advisor)
This work deals with the state of watercourses, the territorial system of ecological stabi-lity and the possibilities of improvement for a state close to nature. The Rohelnice river basin and the solved watercourses are located in the Olomouc Region in the Morava River Basin. HEM - Hydroecological monitoring is a part of the assessment of the state of watercourses, which is a requirement of the European Water Framework Directive. The work contains the elaboration of a literature search on this topic with a focus on water retention in the landscape and the possibility of improving ecological stability in the basin. The content of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the hydromorphological status of watercourses in the Rohelnice river basin with the selection of sections on watercourses and places in the wider river basin for elements of ecological stability on the basis of zoning plans of affected cities and municipalities and improvement of the overall ecological status in the Rohelnice river basin.
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Kvalita vody mokřadu Habřina u Rajhradic
Kejdová, Tereza
This diploma thesis deals with the physicochemical parameters of water quali-ty in the Habřina wetland near Rajhradice from the years 2022 and 2023. The litera-ture review includes definitions of basic concepts such as biotope, biocentre, wetland, and in general, it deals with water in the landscape. It also includes a basic characteri-zation and description of individual physicochemical indicators of water quality. The experimental part focuses on the direct determination and evaluation of 18 water quality parameters. The values were determined from five water samples taken during the period of 2022–2023 in the morning, and subsequent analysis was carried out in the chemical laboratory of the Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology a Beekeeping at Mendel University in Brno. The resulting values were compared with similar locations in the Czech Republic, the Habřina shows a similar level of pollution to ponds with a similar altitude. The studied parameters also indicate the suitability of the wetland Habřina for fish breeding and swimming. According to the concentration of chlorophyll-a during the swimming season, the wetland is suitable for swimming, but the water quality has slightly deteriorated qualities.
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Zhodnocení samočistící schopnosti vodního toku Bítýška
Vítová, Kristýna
The bachelor thesis deals with the evaluation of the quality and self-cleaning ability of the Bítýška watercourse in Vysočina. The theoretical part is devoted to the water management legislation of the Czech Republic, water quality including related problems, self-cleaning ability, wetlands and monitored water quality indicators. The next part characterizes the area of interest in terms of natural conditions and hydrology. The practical part describes in detail the collection of water samples, measurement of water quality indicators in the field and laboratory determination of chemical water analysis. The work concludes with an evaluation of the results obtained according to the relevant legislation and discussion. The results of laboratory analysis have demonstrated that the self-cleaning ability of watercourses was exhibited only for half of the monitored period and cannot be unequivocally confirmed. The findings revealed high concentrations of nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand caused especially by draining under-cleaned water from root wastewater treatment plant into the watercourse.
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Soil and hydrological degradation of wetlands
Panocha, Tomáš ; Vlček, Lukáš (advisor) ; Šefrna, Luděk (referee)
The thesis researches the knowledge about soil degradation and the most important soil degradation processes, including desertification, erosion, the impact of agriculture on soils and soil sealing. It also deals with wetlands as ecosystems at the transition between aquatic and terrestrial systems, their definition and delineation, as well as their decline and recovery, which is very important in climate change projections. The chapter on wetlands also includes a section on international conventions and organisations. The work then focuses on wetland types in the Czech Republic and the soil types most commonly found on them, together with their soil-forming processes and water regimes. Last but not least, the thesis tries to find a link between the degradation of wetland ecosystems in relation to changes in the hydrological regime of the surrounding area and the surrounding soils. Keywords: soil degradation, wetland, wetland definition, wetland restoration, wetlands of the Czech Republic
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Monitoring of floodplain vegetation of the Hučina stream (Černý Kříž, Šumava) eight years after a hydric restoration
DEJMEK, David
The thesis is focused on the monitoring of the Hučina stream (Černý Kříž, Šumava) eight years after hydric restoration. The monitoring occurred in 14 permanent quadrats delineated in the open meadow part of the floodplain along three transects. In the studied quadrats, the groundwater level was measured, phytocenological relevés were recorded, and individual species' frequency and total coverage were determined. The results were compared with works by Lazárková (2012), Stachová (2014), Pechačová (2019), and Kratochvílová (2021) from previous years.
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The Jizera Mountains Peatbogs as a Model Biotope for Teaching Ecology
Marelová, Tereza ; Soldán, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Skýbová, Jana (referee)
The main topic of the bachelor's thesis is the Jizera Mountains peatlands and their use in teaching ecology. The aim of the thesis is to summarize information about the bog as a biotope and use it practically in teaching biology. The thesis is divided into two main parts - the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part is divided into two chapters. The first chapter introduces the reader to the peatlands of the Protected Landscape Area of the Jizera Mountains and focuses on the legal demarcation of protected areas. It describes in more detail the local flora and fauna and the definition of the origin, development, importance and use of peat as well as the negative consequences of the extraction of this raw material and the subsequent protection of these areas as a unique natural biotope for many organisms. The second chapter introduces the reader to the general characteristics of ecology and its disciplines, it also focuses on individual relationships between organisms. The last part of the theoretical part of the chapter is focused on the teaching of ecology in elementary school and its concept in the teaching of the second level. The practical part deals with the use of bogs in the teaching of natural history at primary school and presents a proposal for an excursion to one of...
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Habitat use of breeding birds in Central European reed beds
ŠŤASTNÝ, Vojtěch
The research dealing with habitat preferences of breeding birds in the northeast of Bohemia in the Czech Republic is based on the data on bird communities from 34 wetlands ranging in size from 0.76 to 70.42 ha, and relevant environmental factors, collected within the years 2016-2017. Habitat use among wetland bird species in relation to these factors has been compared and their effect on species diversity and the proportion of specially protected species according to the Act No. 114/1992 Coll. has been tested. Finally, management that may increase attractiveness of wetlands for birds was suggested.
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