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Economy of Salamanca School
BEDRLÍK, Jiří
Thesis deals with exposition of economic thinking of the School of Salamanca. First chapter is an exposition of the selected representatives from the preceding tradition. Second chapter consists in the exposition of works from selected authors about theory of value. Third chapter is concerned with the money market and the question whether it is usurious. In this works of selected authors from the School of Salamanca are presented. Fourth chapter is devoted to the topic of ownership and fifth to public finance.
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Comparison of Augustin and Thomas Aquinas philosophy and ethics
Havránek, Zdeněk ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
This Thesis deals with the philosophy and ethics of St.Thomas Aquinas and of St. Augustine. At first I characterize the time period then I am focusing on each cathegory concerning moral life of human being in the world such as God, soul, will, goodness, evil and happiness as well. My goal is to show the real purpose of human existence and to show how both philosophers understand individual topics, what is the same and different in their opinion.
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Renaissance pedagogical conceptions in the work of François Rabelais and Michel de Montaigne
Kasperová, Nikola ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
The bachelor thesis Renaissance pedagogical conceptions in the work of François Rabelais and Michel de Montaigne is dedicated to pedagogical ideas in the works of two significant French writers of the 16th century - François Rabelais, from his work is specifically analysed the novel Gargantua and Pantagurel, and Michel de Montaigne, from his work are analysed The Essays. The period of the medieval scholasticism as an educational method is characterised in the beginning of the bachelor thesis. Its critical picture in analysed works is described in individual analysis of the pedagogical ideas of both mentioned authors. Moreover, the pedagogical conceptions of François Rabelais and Michel de Montaigne that we can consider as conceptions of the Renaissance are primarily analysed. In conclusion both analysed authors are compared and main common and different points of their pedagogical conceptions are described.
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Conception of suicide in Francisco de Vitoria
PEŠEK, Jaroslav
This diploma thesis deals with the theory of Francisco de Vitoria and his concept of suicide. The first part focuses on the life of the thinker himself and other historical contexts that have influenced his work. In the second part the sources and the basics of his legal theory are solved, taking special account of its rationalistic interpretation. The last part is more practical and focuses on the issue of justifying self-killing in the light of Vitoria's work.
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Nicholas of Cusa and Discovery of Weighing
Růžička, Jáchym ; Paulíček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Horák, Vít (referee)
The main goal of this paper is to enlight the failure of method of weighing discovered by Nicholas of Cusa using the perspective of the sociology of science. Based on Merton's theory of foci of interest as demonstrated on the case of Cusa's cosmology, is laid a claim, that there was a claim for the success of Kusansky's method of weighing. After the addition of Bourdieu's characteristics of scientific field and its theoretical limits we introduce two main possible science strategies: Succession and subversion. Subversion strategy is then applied on Cusa's method and therefore the paper concludes his low chances on success. Finally, with the help of Kuhn it is shown that strategy of subversion can only be successful if we redefine the basic principles of normal science and we compare this example to the case of the discovery of the weighing method, so we can point out what was Nicholas of Cusa missing on making his discovery more impactful and how could he raise his chances.
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Renaissance pedagogical conceptions in the work of François Rabelais and Michel de Montaigne
Kasperová, Nikola ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
The bachelor thesis Renaissance pedagogical conceptions in the work of François Rabelais and Michel de Montaigne is dedicated to pedagogical ideas in the works of two significant French writers of the 16th century - François Rabelais, from his work is specifically analysed the novel Gargantua and Pantagurel, and Michel de Montaigne, from his work are analysed The Essays. The period of the medieval scholasticism as an educational method is characterised in the beginning of the bachelor thesis. Its critical picture in analysed works is described in individual analysis of the pedagogical ideas of both mentioned authors. Moreover, the pedagogical conceptions of François Rabelais and Michel de Montaigne that we can consider as conceptions of the Renaissance are primarily analysed. In conclusion both analysed authors are compared and main common and different points of their pedagogical conceptions are described.
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Comparison of Augustin and Thomas Aquinas philosophy and ethics
Havránek, Zdeněk ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
This Thesis deals with the philosophy and ethics of St.Thomas Aquinas and of St. Augustine. At first I characterize the time period then I am focusing on each cathegory concerning moral life of human being in the world such as God, soul, will, goodness, evil and happiness as well. My goal is to show the real purpose of human existence and to show how both philosophers understand individual topics, what is the same and different in their opinion.
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The Principles of Francisco Suarez's Political Power: Suarez's consent in the context of the theory of the social contract developing from 16th until 18th century
Koblížek, Jan ; Sousedík, Stanislav (advisor) ; Svoboda, David (referee) ; Altrichter, Michal (referee)
The Abstract The meaning of this dissertation thesis is to find out whether we can regard Francisco Suárez as a representative of the social-contracting theories developing in the period from 16th until 18th century. Suárez, who is more likely known for his metaphysical disputations, gives a really sophisticated formulation about the origin of the common society and the political power, where the key point is the word of the social consent. At the first time it seems that Suárez can be without difficulty considered as a modern period humanist like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke or lately Jean-Jacques Rousseau. As well as they, Suárez thinks that the independent human will has its unsubstitutable part in the origin of the political society. Nevertheless there is a large difference. While according to the mentioned humanists, the independent will is the only principle of the political power, Suárez thinks that this will is just the necessary condition meeting the human nature created by the God, that it is the true principle of the whole political power. Suarez's meaning of the social consent is then situated in the theological framework and is closely associated with the words of the nature and the transcendence. The result is that Suárez understands the state as a natural and moral organization and not as a...
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Objective and Subjective Cognition of Beauty in the Writings of St. Thomas Aquinas.
FLEISCHMANN, Dan
This thesis deals with the objective and subjective cognition of beauty by a scholastic philosopher Thomas Aquinas. The initial chapters provide historical sources and a source of St. Thomas´s beauty, because beauty was not the main topic of theology and philosophy in the Middle Ages. From the definition of beauty, we know that beauty belongs to the cognitive power, thus next chapters present the activity of the senses and reason, by which we recognize beauty. (Pulchrum autem respicit vim cognoscitivam). This cognitive power results in the objective characteristics of beauty, ie.: a) integrity; b) proportion; c) clarity.) The penultimate chapter justifies the importance of knowledge of objective and subjective beauty, from which it follows in us enjoyment (delectatio et amor). If there is a reason to evaluate the knowledge and principles relating to the beauty, there is a necessary overlap present knowledge such as science. The final chapter addresses the interesting question of modern science - aesthetics: "Whether beauty, as written by Thomas Aquinas, is a specific distinct transcendental or only implicit transcendental initiated by the philosophers of the 20th century?" The thesis tries to show the importance of studying medieval philosophy in shaping topics such as beauty and art.
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The Functioning of the centers Basic and LITE in the Czech Republic
ŘÁDOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis deals with analysis of the functioning of the tutorial centres Basic and language schools LITE. In the theory part there are alternative streams in education stated which are connected with these centres and Applied Scholastics is introduced which Basic and LITE are its part. It is also stated the standing of Applied Scholastics in the world. In the practical part is described study technology used in the centres Basic and LITE in general and then I looked more closely into the classes of Basic and LITE and described my observation. The research describes the functioning of these institutions in the Czech Republic. I also describe other activities of the centers and I think of positives and negatives of these classes.
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