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Cultural dimension of language
Macek, Michal ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Půtová, Barbora (referee)
This paper is about the relation between language, thought and culture. Main issue is the way how language acts as the basis for culture which is seen as a complex of symbols and meanings. Language is described as a system of signs whose usage influences the structure of people's thought and also the interpretations of the reality by means of culture. The question of the origin of language is examined in the paper as well as other issues connected with the study of language and culture. Among these the principal of linguistic relativity (Sapir-Whorf hypothesis) is the most important one, further the issue of the relation between linguistic changes and cultural changes and the issue of acquiring language and culture during the process of socialization are discussed. The relation between language, thought and culture is studied by means of interdisciplinary perspective with use of philosophical, semiotic, linguistic and especially anthropological texts. Key words: language, thought, culture, sign, symbol, principal of linguistic relativity, Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, linguistic anthropology, symbolic anthropology, semiotics
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Cultural dimension of language
Macek, Michal ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Půtová, Barbora (referee)
This paper is about the relation between language, thought and culture. Main issue is the way how language acts as the basis for culture which is seen as a complex of symbols and meanings. Language is described as a system of signs whose usage influences the structure of people's thought and also the interpretations of the reality by means of culture. The question of the origin of language is examined in the paper as well as other issues connected with the study of language and culture. Among these the principal of linguistic relativity (Sapir-Whorf hypothesis) is the most important one, further the issue of the relation between linguistic changes and cultural changes and the issue of acquiring language and culture during the process of socialization are discussed. The relation between language, thought and culture is studied by means of interdisciplinary perspective with use of philosophical, semiotic, linguistic and especially anthropological texts. Key words: language, thought, culture, sign, symbol, principal of linguistic relativity, Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, linguistic anthropology, symbolic anthropology, semiotics
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Language Relativity and Grammatical Gender in Czech
Matějka, Štěpán ; Chromý, Jan (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
The diploma thesis is concerned with the effect of the grammatical gender of Czech nouns referring to inanimate entities on their semantic meaning and conceptualization. The thesis looks into the question whether masculines are conceptulized as "men" and feminines as "women". The thesis is divided into two main parts. In the first part, theoretical insight into the question of relation between language and thought is provided. In this part, foreign experiments related to our research question are mentioned as well. In the second part, two experiments accomplished in the Czech language are presented. The objective of experiment nr. 1 was to choose such semantic differential scales which according to Czech speakers distinguish the "female and male principle" the best. In experiment nr. 2, feminine and masculine gender variants of nouns were employed (e. g. "brambor - brambora"). Experiment nr. 2 contained two tasks. The first task used the semantic differential method. In the second task, participants were asked to choose a woman's or a man's voice that the inanimate entities would have in a cartoon movie. The results of the first task indicate that the grammatical gender of nouns did not affect the decision-making as individual nouns were marked on the semantic differential scales. However, there...
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Language and information: Meaning in the Computer Era
Valeš, Miroslav ; Rosický, Antonín (advisor) ; Sigmund, Tomáš (referee)
One of the most significant human instrument is language. On the one hand it makes communication and coordination with another individuals possible and on the other hand its meaning is crucial just within the scope of one person, whereas it acts as outer reality comprehension and handling instrument. This thesis describes the relation between a man and information that are presented in the form of language. Due to the utilization of the most important topics reaching the Cognitive science, Systems science or for instance philosophy, it forms compact framework appropriate for setting more exercisable point of view. Thus the thesis content itself contains topics primarily fundamental to the personal meaning and concretely it reflects essential ideas on the topic of benefits, application and the human dependence on language. The finale is devoted to the evaluation and the creation of conclusions about more suitable approaches in the context of the current, modern era.
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