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Vplyv politického cyklu na deficity štátneho rozpočtu Slovenskej republiky
Kadlečíková, Veronika
The bachelor thesis concerns the problematics of political cycles and fiscal policy abuse in the pre-election period. The political cycle is defined as the systematic abuse of fiscal policy by the government. Politicians are using the state budget in the bordering period before the parliamentary elections in order to influence the economic growth and unemployment, with an aim of being re-elected. In the empirical part of the thesis is being tested the existence of political-budget cycle in the Slovak Republic over the examined period 1996 - 2014 using the three applied models.
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Politický cyklus a vládní výdaje v Nizozemsku
Pekárková, Marie
The work deals with the political cycle in the Netherlands. In the first part of the work, the political-economic cycle is described, from a theoretical point of view. At first, the development of the political-economic cycle from a historical point of view is described, then an explanation of why present economists are leaning towards the theory of the political budget cycle is added and then the studies of political budget cycle, which has been chosen, is analysed. That is used as a basis for the practical part of the work. The practical part includes an analysis of the annual timeline of government expenditures from 1960 to 2017. An effect of the political budget cycle on an amount of government expenditures in the Netherlands is examined according to the timeline. The OLS method was used for empirical analysis. The results of the analysis do not show any statistically important indications of the existence of the political budget cycle in the Netherlands. That is caused mostly by the high quality of fiscal institutions and fiscal transparency.
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Citizen participation in shaping local politics in Beroun district municipalities
Vyskočil, Jan ; Frič, Pavol (advisor) ; Mička, Pavel (referee)
The subject of the thesis is the citizen participation in municipal policy of two municipalities of district Beroun. The thesis is focused especially on what is political climate in municipalities, how local government representatives evaluate participation rate of their citizens and if is possible to find this participation in specific analyzed processes of municipality. The thesis is based on two primary theoretical concepts which are public policy as a cycle and participation. There is used several types of input data from non-standardized qualitative interviews over documents in the form of municipal newsletters and petitions to the contents of discussion forums of municipalities which are used to answer the research questions. The results of the survey show that despite the pessimistic views of local government representatives on degree of citizens initiative and willingness to participate is this initiative and participation present both in auxiliary form and in the form of a protest in both municipalities.
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The economic policy of the Czech Republic in the background of the political cycle
Pfeiferová, Andrea ; Ochrana, František (advisor) ; Duškov, Ivan (referee)
The aim of the thesis "The economic policy of the Czech Republic in the background of the political cycle" is to analyze whether the size of the state budget and revenue and expenditure is influenced by the political cycle or not. The main goal of this work is to find out whether the size of the state budget and its individual parts are affected by the political cycle and at the same time also make assessment of that whether the current political cycle is manifested in the selected macroeconomic variables or not. Next, I will analyze the evolution of the unemployment and inflation rates and then determine whether the individual variables are affected because of the ongoing political cycles or their development would have been comparable, if there would not be the functioning of the political cycle. The thesis will be taken into account the conclusions and outcomes of the theory that areas are involved in the political cycle. The aim of this work will be to confirm or refute the hypothesis political cycle in the Czech Republic and to find out whether there is a growing state budget deficits particular pre-election and election year, extensive easing of fiscal policy and whether budget deficits are a natural result of the struggle for votes between political parties or not. The influence of the...
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Professional foster parents as part of the substitutional family care system in the Czech Republic
Vošahlíková, Radka ; Čabanová, Bohumila (advisor) ; Dobiášová, Karolína (referee)
The focus of Bachelor thesis "Professional foster parents as part of the substitutional family care system in the Czech Republic" are a temporary foster care and professional foster parents in the Czech Republic. It describes a system of substitutional family care in the Czech Republic as well as the professional foster care as a new option of childcare for those children who cannot grow up in their biological families. The institution is initially described in general terms: where it comes from, how it is supposed to work, what goals it tries to follow, and how the foster works abroad. Then the work focuses on professional foster care in the Czech Republic, its current state, how it is perceived by professionals in the area of threatened children, and what are its future opportunities. In the end, it is evaluated using SWOT analysis, while the work also lists two possible future scenarios of the professional foster care in the Czech Republic.
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The Propensity to Government Budget Deficit: Analysis of the Influence of Political Cycle on Czech Fiscal policy
Peterková, Iva ; Ochrana, František (advisor) ; Novotný, Vilém (referee)
The basic goal of diploma thesis "The Propensity to Government Budget Deficit: Analysis of the Influence of Political Cycle on Czech Fiscal policy" is to identify fundamental factors which influence decisions about the size of government budget balance and to analyze the influence of political cycle on the volume and structure of government expenditures in the period of 1993-2009. Analysis is based on theories which are connected to the areas of public sector, state and its function, public finances, government budget, the process of generating budget, political cycle, political parties and europeanization. The problem of propensity to budget deficits is structured using dimensional analysis and problem tree. The influence of political cycle is verified by using the combination of qualitative analysis of policy documents and quantitative analysis of specific indicators. Analysis classifies external and internal factors influencing the tendency to deficit budgeting. Political cycle is one of those internal factors becouse it is affected by the decision making process of political representatives. The influence of political cycle on the volume of government expenditures and the expenditures of the Ministry of Labor and social affairs could not be demonstrated on data. Otherwise, there is possibility...
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Development of public expenditures in light of the progress of political cycles in Czech Republic between years 2000 and 2015
Kříž, Karel ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
The thesis is concerned with the analysis of the development of public expenditures in Czech Republic between the years 2000 and 2015 with regard to the progress of political cycles. The analysis of overall development of each budget chapter (especially the year on year comparison) is based on real outcomes of state finances collected from final state accounts. The purpose of the thesis is to discover potential influence of political cycles on the level and structure of public expenses. The author created his own theoretical assumptions and set an original methodological approach. Final findings mostly comply with the created hypothesis.
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Financial and economic results of public budgets in the light of political business cycles in the Czech Republic between years 1993 and 2010
Šefr, Michal ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Řežábek, Pavel (referee)
The thesis is focused on development of public finance in the Czech Republic between years 1993 and 2010. The crucial aim is to find out possible connections between increasing government deficits and the effort of politicians to be re-elected through higher government spending prior to an election. The analysis is mainly based on state and public budgets especially their annual changes in structure and basic components. I divide the cyclical and structural deficit and examine the influence of economic policy to its creation. In thesis is also described the general theory of public finance, issue of fiscal imbalance, public choice theory and its theory of political business cycle. The fiscal policy is carefully analyzed in recent electoral cycles in context of the economic and political development. The results of the analysis indicate that significant part of public debt has been created because of populist reasons especially in the period of economic expansion.
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