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Muslim minorities and the role of foreign influences on Islam in Macedonia
Hauerová, Andrea ; Pikal, Kamil (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on Muslim minorities of the Republic of Macedonia and analyses the role of the foreign influences on Islam since the proclamation of the independence of Macedonia. Following the fall of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Muslims were exposed to a new geopolitical order what was strongly connected with the redefinition of their identity and religious attitudes. Considering the period of suppression of the religion during the socialist regime, a space for new external actors appeared. At first, the unstable situation during the 1990s attracted external Muslim actors from the Arab world that were trying to spread their practice of Islam among Muslims in the Balkans. The case of Macedonia was influenced by the conflict between Albanian Muslim minority and the Macedonian state which turned into an armed conflict in 2001. In the following years, Turkey began to develop more active foreign policy towards the region of the Balkans which led to a significant rise of its influence. Besides the analysis of the role of foreign actors, the thesis deals with the activities of Macedonian state itself. The thesis argues that in the case of Macedonia it was Turkey that began to play a major role in the last decade.
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Contemporary Jurisprudence for Muslim Minorities in Europe
Šisler, Vít ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Veselý, Rudolf (referee)
1 Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the contemporary Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) providing normative frameworks for Muslim minorities living in Europe. The Muslim minorities in Europe vary significantly in their ethnic, social, and religious background; yet in many cases they bring to Europe coherent system of ethical and legal rules. Nevertheless, these normative systems differ according to the country of origin and religious background of the respective minorities. Therefore, in Europe that is a constant struggle between the various interpretations of Islam and different Muslim authorities. The situation of Muslims living in the non-Muslim legal system is not regulated by the classical Islamic law and therefore jurisprudence is becoming the primary mechanism for dealing with normative issues. The key institute for contemporary Islamic jurisprudence is iftā, i.e. delivering fatwas in response to real or hypothetical individual inquiries. This diploma thesis argues that the traditional and established Muslim authorities, such as imams in mosques and muftis trained in the countries of origin, are increasingly being challenged by global Muslim authorities and individual interpretation of Islam. The ideological background of these newly established authorities range from the liberal Islam to...
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Aspects of the sharia Law in the Great Britain
Hamplová, Kateřina ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Maslowski, Nicolas (referee)
This diploma thesis discusses phenomena of parallel legal norms applicable in the Great Britain. There is guaranteed enforceability of those parts of the Islamic law, which deals with family and inheritance matters in the United Kingdom. This phenomenon is result of decades lasting process going back to the colonialism. Given the current events such as so called migration crisis in the Europe and self-declaration of "Islamic State", the question of religious law of minorities become priority theme of public discourse and is also topic of common debates between critics and advocates of normative diversity. Crucial incident that influenced public debate, especially reflection of success rate of immigrants' integration, had been the London bombings of 7/7 2005. In the thesis are presented specific examples of clash of British Common Law and the Islamic Law. The force of disintegration is Salafism that affects Muslim minorities and which is imported to the UK primarily from Saudi Arabia. The online Fatwas, a very problematic issue, is dealt with in the end of the thesis as well. Given the impossibility to regulate influence of the internet, online fatwas have profound effect over vulnerable youngsters. Keywords: Islam, Islamic Law, Great Britain, Sharia, Islamic Family Law, Islamic Inheritance Law,...
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Muslim minorities and the role of foreign influences on Islam in Macedonia
Hauerová, Andrea ; Pikal, Kamil (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on Muslim minorities of the Republic of Macedonia and analyses the role of the foreign influences on Islam since the proclamation of the independence of Macedonia. Following the fall of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Muslims were exposed to a new geopolitical order what was strongly connected with the redefinition of their identity and religious attitudes. Considering the period of suppression of the religion during the socialist regime, a space for new external actors appeared. At first, the unstable situation during the 1990s attracted external Muslim actors from the Arab world that were trying to spread their practice of Islam among Muslims in the Balkans. The case of Macedonia was influenced by the conflict between Albanian Muslim minority and the Macedonian state which turned into an armed conflict in 2001. In the following years, Turkey began to develop more active foreign policy towards the region of the Balkans which led to a significant rise of its influence. Besides the analysis of the role of foreign actors, the thesis deals with the activities of Macedonian state itself. The thesis argues that in the case of Macedonia it was Turkey that began to play a major role in the last decade.
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Contemporary Jurisprudence for Muslim Minorities in Europe
Šisler, Vít ; Kropáček, Luboš (advisor) ; Veselý, Rudolf (referee)
1 Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the contemporary Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) providing normative frameworks for Muslim minorities living in Europe. The Muslim minorities in Europe vary significantly in their ethnic, social, and religious background; yet in many cases they bring to Europe coherent system of ethical and legal rules. Nevertheless, these normative systems differ according to the country of origin and religious background of the respective minorities. Therefore, in Europe that is a constant struggle between the various interpretations of Islam and different Muslim authorities. The situation of Muslims living in the non-Muslim legal system is not regulated by the classical Islamic law and therefore jurisprudence is becoming the primary mechanism for dealing with normative issues. The key institute for contemporary Islamic jurisprudence is iftā, i.e. delivering fatwas in response to real or hypothetical individual inquiries. This diploma thesis argues that the traditional and established Muslim authorities, such as imams in mosques and muftis trained in the countries of origin, are increasingly being challenged by global Muslim authorities and individual interpretation of Islam. The ideological background of these newly established authorities range from the liberal Islam to...
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Muslim Minorities in the European Union: Case Study France
Jebavá, Jaroslava ; Novotná, Yvona (advisor) ; Druláková, Radka (referee)
Islam has been increasingly discussed in the European Union, not only in connection with events worldwide, but also in relation to internal affairs of particular Member States, as Islam has become a permanent part of European religious landscape. Large European muslim minorities are no more an exclusive issue of particular countries which are facing them. Due to the deepening European integration and the current transnational tendencies of the European Islam, these minorities have become a common interest of all Member States, as well as of the EU itself. Nevertheless, a significant number of questions and the main responsibility for their solution still rest upon the individual states. This thesis focuses on the analysis of the position of Islam in France, which is the country with the largest muslim minority within the EU. It describes the specific approach of France towards its minorities and religions, the conditions the country imposes on them, and analyzes the process and the current level of integration of the French Muslims. The case study of the situation in France shows the possibilities of the integration of Muslims into the European society, points out to the factors which can influence it and hereby also to the acceptability of Islam in the EU.
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