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Multilingual analysis of human emotional states
Rendek, Tomáš ; Koula, Ivan (referee) ; Atassi, Hicham (advisor)
This work deals with the properties of the speech signal. At the beginning it introduces a process of generation of the speech. Then, it covers the prosodic features of the speech, which represent a related characteristic of emotions. It defines an emotion itself, as well as the basic features and parameters of the human speech. For the analysis we use the program called Praat. As it is an unknown program, we devote a part of the work to it, which acquaints us with its advantages. The next part of this paper comprises also two enclosed databases containing records of particular emotional states of human. These databases were created and collected for Slovak and German language. However, none of them contain spontaneous material. Next, the work concerns a concept of the neural networks. It regards it as a possible realization of recognizing of emotional characteristics. The initial analysis presents large number of gained features, out of which only the best twelve were selected on the basis of geometric separability. These features are distinct for both sexes, as well as for both nationalities. Consequently, they are used for training with a neural network. The work concludes by summarizing of the results discussing the successfulness with recognition of emotional states. It also gives possible reasons which lead to degradation of their successful classifying. The thesis contains a CD with all the partial and ultimate results, and files with records for Slovak and German language.
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Multilingual Open-Domain Question Answering
Slávka, Michal ; Dočekal, Martin (referee) ; Fajčík, Martin (advisor)
Táto práca sa zaoberá automatickým viacjazyčným zodpovedaním na otázky v otvorenej doméne. V tejto práci sú navrhnuté prístupy k tejto málo prebádanej doméne. Konkrétne skúma, či: (i) použitie prekladu z angličtiny je dostačujúce, (ii) multilinguálne systémy vedia využiť preklad otázky do iných jazykov (iii) alebo je výhodnejšie nepoužívať žiaden preklad. Porovnávam použitie anglického systému založeného na modeli T5, ktorý využíva strojový preklad s natívne viacjazyčnými systémami založenými na viacjazyčnom modeli MT5. Anglický systém so strojovým prekladom mierne prekonáva svoje jednojazyčné náprotivky vo viacerých úlohách. Napriek tomu, že tento model bol natrénovaný na väčšom množstve dát zlepšenie nie je dostatočne signifikantné. To ukazuje, že použitie natívne viacjazyčných systémov je sľubným prístupom pre budúci výskum. Tiež prezentujem metódu získavania dokumentov v rôznych jazykoch pomocou algoritmu BM25 a porovnávam ju s anglickým retrievalom. Používanie viacjazyčných dôkazov sa javí ako prospešné a zlepšuje výkonnosť systému systémov.
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Designing a Multilingual Fact-Checking Dataset from Existing Question-Answering Data
Kamenický, Daniel ; Aparovich, Maksim (referee) ; Fajčík, Martin (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá nedostatkem vícejazyčných datových sad pro kontrolu faktů, které by obsahovaly důkazy podporující nebo vyvracející fakt. Proto se tato práce zabývá převodem datového souboru pro kontrolu faktů z již existujícího datového souboru otázek a odpovědí. V této práci jsou studovány dva přístupy ke konverzi datové sady. Prvním přístupem je vytvoření datové sady založené na jednojazyčném předem natrénovaném seq-2-seq modelu T5. Model je trénován na anglickém datovém souboru. Vstupy a výstupy jsou překládány do požadovaných jazyků. Druhým přístupem je využití vícejazyčného modelu mT5, který přebírá vstup a generuje výstup v požadovaném jazyce. Pro vícejazyčný model je zapotřebí přeložit trénovací datové sady. Jako hlavní problém této práce se ukázal překlad, který v málo zdrojovém jazyce dosáhl kolem 30 % úspěšnosti. Experimenty ukázaly lepší výsledky v tvrzeních generovaných z jednojazyčného modelu s využitím strojového překladu. Na druhou stranu, tvrzení generované z vícejazyčného modelu dosáhly úspěšnosti 73 % oproti tvrzením z jednojazyčného modelu s dosaženou úspěšností 88 %. Modely byly vyhodnoceny modelem ověřování faktů založeném na TF-IDF. Dosažená přesnost modelu na obou datových sadách se blíží 0,5. Z toho lze usoudit, že výsledné datové sady mohou být náročné pro modely ověřování faktů.
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Foreign language and the psychotherapist: a study from a psychodynamic perspective
Or-Gordon, Enav ; Kučera, Miloš (advisor) ; Vavrda, Vladimír (referee) ; Štech, Stanislav (referee)
Starting from Freud and onwards, Language is the medium in which psychoanalysis, the talking cure, exists. Word choice and associations, dreams and sentence phrasing, make the landscape of the subject's inner world, personal story, and the unconscious. Language is also the means for psychological change through talking in all forms of analytic psychotherapy. It is the main tool in the service of therapist's interventions and the creation of insight. The present research explores the experience and the implications of doing therapeutic work in a foreign language. Data collection included interviews with nine polyglot therapists, analysis of the researcher's own experience as a polyglot therapist practicing psychotherapy in three languages, and theoretical research into psychodynamic, linguistic, and developmental aspects of polyglots. Thematic analysis of participants' contributions resulted in the following themes; 1. Polyglot Therapists' Relationship with their Different Languages. 2. Identity. 3. The Polyglot Therapist's Work, with two subthemes: 3.1. Non-verbal Elements. 3.2. Technical Issues. These themes are presented and discussed using participants' citations and theoretical literature. As a result of further, psychoanalytically-informed qualitative analysis, the concept of Therapeutic...
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Logopedic intervention by children from multilingual environment
Jehličková, Hana ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Květoňová, Lea (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The present work deals with the development of speech child educated in a multilingual environment, resp. with children bilingualism and any difficulties that may accompany this development. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the action of multiple languages in the acquisition of speech and the possibility of child therapy of multi-lingual children. The theoretical basis is based on the analysis of scientific literature on the topic. Includes basic terms, follows the development of the child's speech in connection with multilingual environment, the type and manner learning another language. It deals with the problems of these children in speech, specifics and possible redress procedures in the context of logopedic intervention. The practical part consists of qualitative research in the form of case studies, using the method of interview, observation and analysis of results of operations. KEYWORDS multilingual environment, logopedic intervention, bilingual, multilingual, development of speech
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Multilingual Open-Domain Question Answering
Slávka, Michal ; Dočekal, Martin (referee) ; Fajčík, Martin (advisor)
Táto práca sa zaoberá automatickým viacjazyčným zodpovedaním na otázky v otvorenej doméne. V tejto práci sú navrhnuté prístupy k tejto málo prebádanej doméne. Konkrétne skúma, či: (i) použitie prekladu z angličtiny je dostačujúce, (ii) multilinguálne systémy vedia využiť preklad otázky do iných jazykov (iii) alebo je výhodnejšie nepoužívať žiaden preklad. Porovnávam použitie anglického systému založeného na modeli T5, ktorý využíva strojový preklad s natívne viacjazyčnými systémami založenými na viacjazyčnom modeli MT5. Anglický systém so strojovým prekladom mierne prekonáva svoje jednojazyčné náprotivky vo viacerých úlohách. Napriek tomu, že tento model bol natrénovaný na väčšom množstve dát zlepšenie nie je dostatočne signifikantné. To ukazuje, že použitie natívne viacjazyčných systémov je sľubným prístupom pre budúci výskum. Tiež prezentujem metódu získavania dokumentov v rôznych jazykoch pomocou algoritmu BM25 a porovnávam ju s anglickým retrievalom. Používanie viacjazyčných dôkazov sa javí ako prospešné a zlepšuje výkonnosť systému systémov.
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Logopedic intervention by children from multilingual environment
Jehličková, Hana ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Květoňová, Lea (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The present work deals with the development of speech child educated in a multilingual environment, resp. with children bilingualism and any difficulties that may accompany this development. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of the action of multiple languages in the acquisition of speech and the possibility of child therapy of multi-lingual children. The theoretical basis is based on the analysis of scientific literature on the topic. Includes basic terms, follows the development of the child's speech in connection with multilingual environment, the type and manner learning another language. It deals with the problems of these children in speech, specifics and possible redress procedures in the context of logopedic intervention. The practical part consists of qualitative research in the form of case studies, using the method of interview, observation and analysis of results of operations. KEYWORDS multilingual environment, logopedic intervention, bilingual, multilingual, development of speech
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Interpretation of multilingual legal texts
Fatura, Martin ; Kühn, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Tryzna, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the possibilities of interpretation of legal texts au- thentic in more than one language and attempts to analyze the approaches applicable as a possible solution of contradictions between various langu- age versions. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is an intro- duction to the issue. There is just roughly outlined the reason for the exis- tence of multilingual legal texts and there is also defined the scope of the following chapters. The second chapter is dedicated to various methods of interpretation, distinct by legal doctrine. With regard to the topic of the thesis, the inter- pretive methods are divided into two groups with respect to the approach of finding the meaning of legal norms and the content of the regulation. The first section deals with methods based on the text of the legal norm. These are linguistic, logical and systematic method. The second section describes the methods based on the purpose and significance of the treatment. These are the teleological, the historical and the comparative method, as well as the modifications of the teleological method, used primarily in internati- onal law and law of European union. The way of choosing the primary interpretation method is described in the third section. The third chapter deals with the...
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Multilingual analysis of human emotional states
Rendek, Tomáš ; Koula, Ivan (referee) ; Atassi, Hicham (advisor)
This work deals with the properties of the speech signal. At the beginning it introduces a process of generation of the speech. Then, it covers the prosodic features of the speech, which represent a related characteristic of emotions. It defines an emotion itself, as well as the basic features and parameters of the human speech. For the analysis we use the program called Praat. As it is an unknown program, we devote a part of the work to it, which acquaints us with its advantages. The next part of this paper comprises also two enclosed databases containing records of particular emotional states of human. These databases were created and collected for Slovak and German language. However, none of them contain spontaneous material. Next, the work concerns a concept of the neural networks. It regards it as a possible realization of recognizing of emotional characteristics. The initial analysis presents large number of gained features, out of which only the best twelve were selected on the basis of geometric separability. These features are distinct for both sexes, as well as for both nationalities. Consequently, they are used for training with a neural network. The work concludes by summarizing of the results discussing the successfulness with recognition of emotional states. It also gives possible reasons which lead to degradation of their successful classifying. The thesis contains a CD with all the partial and ultimate results, and files with records for Slovak and German language.
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