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Ethics in the Chinese Debate of Science and Life Philosophies: Wu Zhihui
Typl, Lukáš ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Lomová, Olga (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to eleborate a detailed analysis of Wu Zhihui`s essay: New faith and its view of the universe and of man and attempts to fill the still large gap in secondary literature. The method focuses on basic interpretations of Wu Zhihui's ideas and putting them into the context of Western philosophy. It emphasizes direct quotations and translations of key texts to Czech language. Through the analysis of his view of faith, knowledge, metaphysics, cosmology, ontology and human life attempts to uncover the grounds of Wu Zhihui`s ethics and basic philosophical theses of this significant thinker of atheism, humanism and modern ethics. Key words Ethics, cosmology, metaphysics, philosophy of man, China, Wu Zhihui, atheism, materialism, faith
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The Solution to the Mind-Body Problem in Searle's Philosophy of Mind
Popelář, Jan ; Kranát, Jan (advisor) ; Moural, Josef (referee)
This paper studies the mind-body problem in Searle's philosophy of mind. It thoroughly evaluates his criticism of the philosophical tradition and the scientifc methodology. As he argues, the former has been misleading us with its dualistic distinctions and the latter has been pushing us into various forms of reductionism. Most importantly, though, it examines his proposed solution to the mind-body problem, his defnition of consciousness, intentionality, subjectivity, and in addition, his famous "Chinese room" argument disputing claims of strong AI proponents. Although this paper does deal with many of the problems his claims and theories inherently contain, it is primarily meant to outline Searle's view on consciousness and its implications in the context of the mind-body problem tradition, rather than to be an extensive elaboration of his one specifc thesis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Comic in Henry James' Fiction
Kudrna, David ; Roraback, Erik Sherman (advisor) ; Robbins, David Lee (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the study and interpretation of the interlacement of the world of comedy in several works of Henry James and the reflection in these fictions of certain specified problems and challenges of modern society which assist to bring forth the social ambience therein. In the author's opinion, the comedy in the said works of James, on the fundamental level, criticises and pokes fun at the evils of modern society and the characters who pay homage to them. The thesis argues that the comedy in the analysed works of Henry James satirizes several challenging, problematic socio-cultural and economic developments of contemporary modern times through the ridicule and stigmatization of the mostly despicable characters who, under the sway of these developments, perpetrate their negative influence on the lives of other characters in the selected works. To substantiate this argument the thesis looks at the following works of James: The Wings of the Dove, The Golden Bowl, The Portrait of a Lady, The Ambassadors, "The Turn of the Screw" and "The Beast in the Jungle." At the outset, the thesis outlines briefly several critical approaches to the comedy in James's works, comments on their validity, reveals the author's views, and points in the direction of the critical opinions and approaches...
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Trendy things in adolescence - prestige and its materialization
Maierová, Martina ; Bittnerová, Dana (advisor) ; Levínská, Markéta (referee)
The purpose of my thesis is to present possible influence of trendy things to prestige, in the ninth grade of city primary school. The goal of this thesis is to identify the social structure of the students' group, to map the value orientation of the students, to identify their trendy things, and to connect all these findings. The thesis tries to answer the question of the influence of trendy things to the prestige in this students' group, and find out whether in this group of students exists the materialization of prestige. The text is divided into two parts. The theoretical part focuses on pointing out the main aspects of the topic of trendy things, adolescence, materialism and prestige. These topics are analysed in the context of psychology and partly sociology, antropology and education as well. Empirical part, in addition to the description of objectives, methods, research sample and environment, pays particular attention to analysis of its own data of quality-oriented research with the support of several quantitative methods. First, it describes the social hierarchy of students in terms of their degree of influence, popularity and prestige, and identifies their sub-groups. Next I try to find out the prevailing students' value orientation. Then I subscribe the possible negotiation strategies...
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Three critical voices of post-war American literature
Malá, Kateřina ; Hanuš, Jiří (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
The thesis deals with critical views of the post-war American society as found in three literary works: Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, J.D. Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye and Jack Kerouac's On the Road. The thesis's aim is to introduce briefly the post-war society and then, on basis of text analysis, to provide criticism expressed by each book mentioned above. Divided into four main parts, it describes the post-war situation in the United States (political, social and cultural) and thereafter it focuses on the books itself. It provides a short biographical summary of each author's life but it mainly targets the criticism the book contains. The post-war period was significant because of the change it brought. The society of the 1950s was characterized by many "booms" that contributed to its development. The main features of this period were consumerism and materialism; these were also the principal things subjected to criticism. The question the thesis wants to answer is whether this criticism was justified or not. This objective is realized in the conclusion. Based on all facts provided by the thesis, the answer is that the criticism was justified; however, it is not so easy and it is necessary to read the whole thesis to understand all reasons that led to this conclusion and to think over...
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Transformations of the Gothic in Victorian Ghost Stories
Bambušková, Tereza ; Wallace, Clare (advisor) ; Beran, Zdeněk (referee)
Thesis abstract This thesis will focus on the ways in which the transformations in nineteenth-century Gothic stories mirror the gradual changes in the Victorian society's notions about perception and about the metaphysical. The nineteenth century marks a time when advances in science made it clear that not seeing something does not mean that it does not exist, and when psychologists made it clear that seeing something does not necessarily mean it does exist. Moreover, the nineteenth century was a time when religious notions that were previously accepted without question started to be doubted. When people lost their faith in the unseen and at the same time became aware that their eyes are not sufficient to see everything and that their mind may play tricks on them, the notion of reality was increasingly problematized, which is made especially clear in the genre of the Gothic. It could be argued that while the basic tropes of the Gothic remain more or less the same; however, the way they are used, the reactions of the protagonists as well as the general outlook of the story are problematized by newly introduced ideas about vision and human mind. It could be said that in many cases there is no longer a clear boundary between the protagonist and the 'other' of the story, which can often be interpreted as an...
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The Card Index
Růžičková, Petra ; Kowolowski, František (referee) ; Klodová, Lenka (advisor)
I offer you to see my relationship and feelings for the objects that you own. This is a form of a self-portrait. Because of my dependence on my property, I created a kind of data backup, file cabinet. All items are drawed with pencil in size 1:1 with description of the object and its distinctive story.
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Tortilla Flat - characteristic of the community in the novel by John Steinbeck
ANTOŠOVÁ, Tereza
This piece of work is aimed at the community of Tortilla Flat by the American writer John Steinbeck and the roles of particular characters of the story. It concerns mainly the question of friendship and the relationships among the members of the community. Furthermore, it deals with the motive of freedom and its importance for both individual characters and the community as a whole. This work also considers the historical context, i.e. the period during which the novel was created, as well as the role of women and other characters in the story. In this writing a significant role plays also the comparison of the two novels by Steinbeck: Tortilla Flat and Cannery Row. This part is focused on the search for common features, as well as differences between these two novels. This work thus concentrates on significant features of the above mentioned community and aims to describe and interpret the characters and their acting.
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Materialism among young Czechs and Slovaks in comparison with other countries
Šefčíková, Natália ; Chytková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Koudelka, Jan (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis analyses the perception of materialism among young Czechs and Slovaks, and compares them with the researches undertaken in other countries. The theoretical part concentrates on defining terms such as materialism, consumer society and in this terms subsequently characterizes consumers in selected countries. Linking quantitative and qualitative methods of survey research used in the practical part focuses on the analysis of the Czech and Slovak youth to materialism. The goal is to give marketers the necessary information concerning materialism and on this basis help them to influence young people from different cultures in their favour, gain competitive advantage and streamline the marketing mix.
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