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Possibilities of processing the fruit of lesser-known fruit tree species
Vachta, Jonáš ; Hudečková, Helena (referee) ; Mikulíková, Renata (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of using the fruits of common quince (Cydonia oblonga), common medlar (Mespillus germanica) and flowering quince (Chaenomeles speciosa) for food purposes, specifically for the production of jellies and jams. The goal was to create a product that would capture the character of the fruit used, preserve its beneficial properties, such as aromas and the content of bioactive substances, and at the same time be pleasant for consumers. A total of three types of products were prepared, namely gelatin jelly, agar jelly and jam for each type of fruit used. The product samples were subjected to sensory analyses, the aim of which was to determine the optimal addition of sugar to the product, to determine the overall consumer acceptability of the individual samples, and in the case of jelly, also to compare the sensory properties of the gelatin and agar variants. For chemical analyses, model samples were prepared, the composition corresponding to the best sensorially evaluated samples from each type of product. The total content of polyphenols, the total content of flavonoids, the content of vitamin C, the content of lipophilic pigments, ubiquinone and phytosterols and the profile of volatile compounds in individual samples were studied. The analysis results showed that the jams, as heat-processed products, generally retained a greater amount of bioactive substances compared to the jelly samples, and in certain cases even a greater amount than the fruit samples. The jelly samples, on the other hand, retained a greater amount of the original fruit aroma.
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Determination of some nutrition factors in selected kinds of fruit
Smělá, Margita ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
Diploma thesis is concerned with determination of some nutrion factors and vitamin C in various cultivars of apples (Pirus Malus, L.) and quinces (Cydonia oblonga, Mill.). In theoretical part there are described general characterization in selected kinds of fruits, their medically significant sunstances and utilization of these fruits. Main focus is paid to vitamin C. There are described its chemical properties and effect for human health. Various methods for determination of some nutrion factors with focus on determination of vitamin C by high-performance liquid chromatography. In experimental part, total of 27 various cultivars of aplles and 16 various cultivars of quinces were analyzed. These cultivars are from grower station Faculty of garden of Mendel university. For determitation vitamin C was used by high-performance liquid chromatography. Vitamin C was determination as an ascorbic acid. Some nutrion factors were analyzed in experimental part. There were analyzed dry matter, total flavonoids, total phenolics and titratable acid in various cultivars of apples and quinces. There were compared of some various cultivars after representation and content of significant substances as result. The last part of thesis was sensory analysis of apples.
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Determination of C vitamin by HPLC in fruits of individual cultivars of less known kinds of fruits
Cetkovská, Jitka ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with determination of vitamin C in various cultivars of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides, L.) and quince (Cydonia oblonga, Mill.). In theoretical part, there are mentioned basic information about these less known fruit species, their medically significant substances and utilization of these fruits. Various methods for determination of vitamin C are discussed with focus on HPLC and extraction of vitamin C from the matrix. In experimental part, the most suitable column (Gemini C18, 150 x 4,6 mm; 5 m) was chosen from six various columns. Analysis of vitamin C in various cultivars of quince and sea buckthorn fruits were carried out on this column. The various types of matrix preparation and two different separation systems (method with oxalic acid and system with phosphate buffer and methanol as a mobile phases) were investigated too. Vitamin C was determined as an ascorbic acid.
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Studium možnosti využití termoterapie při eliminaci spály růžovitých u kdouloně
Nečasová, Aneta
The annual shoots of quinces were taken in the spring and summer of 2014 with vegetative sprouts. In the spring they were winter sprouts and in the summer the sprouts were ready for another season. The sources of the annual shoots were quinces grown in Školní zemědělský podnik Žabčice. 14 other varieties of quinces were chosen for testing. The originator of fire blight the Erwinia amylovora was located on these varieties. Different temperature intervals of cultivation were tested where the presence of the patogen could have been eliminated. Moreover the test of pathogenicity in cooperation with Fytopatologie rostlin, which have not proved the presence of that pathogen, while orchard in Žabčice is attacked by it. So there is no certainty in saying that thermotherapy is presenting itself as efficient way to treat this sickness.
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Studium možnosti eliminace spály růžovitých u kdouloně pomocí antibiotik a meristémové kultury in vitro
Šafaříková, Hana
I have focused, in my thesis, on lesser-known species of pome fruit, which is the quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.). My disertation presents a characteristic of this tree, introduction to its growing, propagation, it is using and I have also focused on the disease caused by the pathogen Erwinia amylovora, called the fire blight of fruit trees. I have tried to eliminate the disease by using a treatment of antibiotics in meristem cultures under in vitro conditions. It has been processed in total on 22 varieties of quince and 2 samples of annual shoot have been taken at the School of herbaceous farm Žabčice. The first sampling took a place in winter and the second one in summer, subsequently it has been applied a treatment of three kinds of antibiotics diluted in various concentrations all happened under a specific conditions in the laboratory. The illness, for all varieties, has not shown any further pressence after the treatment, but the individual segments were not able to survive longer period of time. The reason was probably a presence of other pathogens occuring in the segments and the curative intervention had no effect on them or a decrease in vitality of buds could have been caused by the antibiotic treatment.
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Determination of some nutrition factors in selected kinds of fruit
Smělá, Margita ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
Diploma thesis is concerned with determination of some nutrion factors and vitamin C in various cultivars of apples (Pirus Malus, L.) and quinces (Cydonia oblonga, Mill.). In theoretical part there are described general characterization in selected kinds of fruits, their medically significant sunstances and utilization of these fruits. Main focus is paid to vitamin C. There are described its chemical properties and effect for human health. Various methods for determination of some nutrion factors with focus on determination of vitamin C by high-performance liquid chromatography. In experimental part, total of 27 various cultivars of aplles and 16 various cultivars of quinces were analyzed. These cultivars are from grower station Faculty of garden of Mendel university. For determitation vitamin C was used by high-performance liquid chromatography. Vitamin C was determination as an ascorbic acid. Some nutrion factors were analyzed in experimental part. There were analyzed dry matter, total flavonoids, total phenolics and titratable acid in various cultivars of apples and quinces. There were compared of some various cultivars after representation and content of significant substances as result. The last part of thesis was sensory analysis of apples.
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Determination of C vitamin by HPLC in fruits of individual cultivars of less known kinds of fruits
Cetkovská, Jitka ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with determination of vitamin C in various cultivars of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides, L.) and quince (Cydonia oblonga, Mill.). In theoretical part, there are mentioned basic information about these less known fruit species, their medically significant substances and utilization of these fruits. Various methods for determination of vitamin C are discussed with focus on HPLC and extraction of vitamin C from the matrix. In experimental part, the most suitable column (Gemini C18, 150 x 4,6 mm; 5 m) was chosen from six various columns. Analysis of vitamin C in various cultivars of quince and sea buckthorn fruits were carried out on this column. The various types of matrix preparation and two different separation systems (method with oxalic acid and system with phosphate buffer and methanol as a mobile phases) were investigated too. Vitamin C was determined as an ascorbic acid.
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Distribution of quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) and common medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) in the Czech Republic: the first approach
VEJBOROVÁ, Tereza
Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) and medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) are not indigenous species in the Czech Republic. However, both taxa are cultivated there for a long time. Quince probably originates from Iraq, Caucasus, Asia Minor and partly from Arabian Peninsula. Medlar is probably native in south-east Europe and Armenia, probably from other parts of Caucasus and north Iraq, too. Both species have uncommon fruit. The aim of the Bachelor Thesis was to create a list of localities of quince and medlar which have been known in the Czech Republic so far. It was based on written documents and herbarium specimens from several public herbaria. I found 145 and 106 localities for quince and medlar, respectivelly. In addition, 8 new findings for quince and 3 for medlar are reported. They are all based on field work including data stated by other persons.
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