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Model of relationship between poverty and decision-making
Svatoš, Filip ; Burian, Jan (advisor) ; Berka, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with a design of a model of financial decision making in humans with limited cognitive resources under conditions of poverty, subsequent creation of a computer simulation based on this model, finding parameters in which this model generates a behavior close to real data and testing the behavior of the model under different conditions. The created model is based on current findings in fields of psychology and economics regarding decision making, limited cognitive resources and impact of poverty on cognitive resources and decision making. The model is created using the system dynamics methodology and subsequently, with the use of UML language, implemented into a computer simulation in programmable environment NetLogo. Testing the model showed its ability to generate a behavior close to real data and thus its potential to be used as a model for studying and understanding of the dealt problem and experimenting in order to finding new ways of dealing with the problem of poverty.
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The representation of noetic uncertainity in the work Karel Čapek
TISCHLEROVÁ, Barbora
The bachelor's thesis deals with issues of gnoseological uncertainty in Karel Čapek's work. The first part of this thesis focuses on information about Čapek's life and his approach to pragmatic philosophy that influenced his writing. He asks questions about human viewing and cognition of the world in his work very often. But he lets open answers and therefore a mysterious and uncertain atmosphere is created. The second part's aim is to carry out an analysis of Čapek's particular pieces of work and to find motives of gnoseological uncertainty in them.
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Confrontation of western and eastern spirituality: options and limitations of contemporary approaches the transcendent
KLOZAR, Karel
The thesis deals with examination of the transcendent in relation to the human being through intraspective and extraspective analysis of some typical differences of eastern and western approach to being. Pointing out some fundamental differences on extraspective level. Searching for possible similarities on intraspective level ? real, imaginary and possible. Inspiration with Jung's collective unconsciousness and individuation process as the possible key to understanding the essence of human as focus of relation of an universal and an individual. The transcendent as a collective goal, or source of conflict? Are eastern and western approaches the transcendent compatible? Is there some essence of the transcendent, which is universal and points to some unbiased form of experience? Integration of consciousness and unconsciousness as the fundamental joint of East and West.
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Cognitive predispositions affected by degree of brain masculinity and femininity
PIXA, David
This thesis is concerned with gender-related differences of cognitive predispositions. Findings could be utilized predominantly in human resource management, pedagogy and psychology. The research was proceeded as a case study of 45 undergraduate students. Individual degree of masculinity/femininity (gender) was indicated by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), while cognitive preferences were measured and described by Hermann Brain Dominance Instrument (HBDI). Another data were obtained by means of qualitative research methods, such as participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Besides, in general features were surveyed hand-lateral-preference, professional orientation and attention capability. All probands were divided into 6 categories according to gender and degree of MF. Synthesis of MMPI and HBDI results showed significant congruence between the gender-categories and a dominant preference of the HBDI{\crq}s cognitive styles: Masculine men {--} a dominant preference of A-mode (analytical thinking). Feminine men {--} a dominant preference of D-mode (imaginative thinking). Masculine women {--} a dominant preference of B-mode (sequential thinking). Feminine women {--} a dominant preference of C-mode (interpersonal thinking). This findings were in accordance with a professional orientation of the probands (regardless of the field of study they have choosen). Right-brain dominant students (mostly feminine men) were not well-adjusted to a classical passive teaching metods.
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Cognition 2006
Šikl, Radovan ; Špok, Dalibor ; Heller, Daniel ; Vobořil, Dalibor ; Lukavský, Jiří
Researchers from the fields of psychology, philosophy, neuroscience, linguistics, biology and computer science discussed on the current state of the research on cognition. The conference Kognice 2006 offered the platform for the interdisciplinary dialogue and for learning about the very different approaches and languages which are linked by their curiosity on the nature of the human mind.
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Smart heuristics and what further?
Heller, Daniel
The author presents the work of Gerd Gigerenzer, Peter M. Todd and members of ABC research group who published the book Simple heuristics that make us smart where they explore fast and frugal heuristics, simple rules for making decisions with realistic mental resources. They enable smart choices to be made quickly and with a minimum of information.
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Symbol and his role in human and artificial cogitation
Bečev, Ondřej ; Bruckner, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sigmund, Tomáš (referee)
The paper deals with a topic of symbols, and their role in process of thinking both of humans and artificial systems. Main objectives are: looking into problems of symbols and symbolizing, role of symbols in perception, and relationship between language, symbols, signs and artificial (formal) inference. Gains of this work is a complex survey to the semiotics and symbols, examination of perception, and defining of some basic problems in the topic of perception. In it's first chapter, there are an detailed comparison and examination of existing semiotics' theories, and theories of symbols commonly. Second chapter is devoted to the subject of perception, and possible role of symbols in this process. Third (and last) chapter deals with question of thinking, especially that of artificial systems, compared to human.
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