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The effect of selected cannabinoids on quantitative EEG, behaviour, and their therapeutic potential
Uttl, Libor ; Páleníček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šlamberová, Romana (referee) ; Šustková, Magdaléna (referee)
Cannabinoids and especially CBD are these days a highly discussed topic with a huge overlap in the media space. Their ability to interact not only with cannabinoid receptors, but also with other pathways, in combination with a huge "hype", leads, despite the not very strong evidence of their effects in clinical practice, to the testing of cannabinoids in a broad spectrum of indications. Nowadays, we have more than 150 isolated cannabinoids, but the research is focused only on the main cannabinoids like for example THC, CBD, cannabigerol, cannabichromen or hexahydrocannabinol. For our research, we have chosen the two most well- known cannabinoids THC and CBD, and our key question was not only what is the role of these cannabinoids individually, but, also, how do they interact when administered together, how do they influence behaviour and how do they interact in dependence on the method of administration. All these questions were addressed within our rat experiments. Somewhat surprisingly, we did not observe the typical cannabinoid tetrad (decreased sensitivity to painful stimuli, hypothermia, catalepsy, and overall decrease in motor activity) after the THC administration, so we wondered what would happen if we used more potent and selective synthetic cannabinoids JWH- 073, JWH-210, instead of THC....
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UHPLC-HRMS analysis of cannabinoids in biological matrix
Ocelková, Anna ; Kučera, Radim (advisor) ; Bavlovič Piskáčková, Hana (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Radim Kučera, Ph.D. Consultant: RNDr. Martin Mžik, Ph.D. Candidate: Bc. Anna Ocelková Title of Thesis: UHPLC-HRMS analysis of canabinoids in biological matrix Cannabis is still considered to be the most widespread drug worldwide. The main molecule responsible for its effects is psychotropic cannabinoid Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol, which is converted into active metabolite 11-OH-Δ9 -THC and inactive metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9 -THC in the human body. The determination of these three molecules in human serum is one of the basic analytical assays that are performed in toxicological laboratories, as it reflects the state of current drug exposure. Another cannabinoid - cannabidiol (CBD) - is also gaining worldwide awareness, and its therapeutic effects have been the subject of many clinical studies. CBD has no psychoactive effect and its potential for the treatment of a wide range of diseases was first fully acknowledged with the launch of the first drug (Epidiolex®) on the US market in 2018 with CBD being the main active ingredient. The aim of this thesis is development and validation of the sensitive method for determination of Δ9 -THC,11-OH-Δ9 -THC, Δ9...
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Cannabinoids and Time Perception
Popova, Anastasia ; Nekovářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Honc, Ondřej (referee)
Interval timing (i.e.the perception of time in the seconds-to-minutes range) allows various animal species including humans to estimate duration of elapsed time. This process can be disrupted by cannabinoids and most often it is subjectively perceived as time deceleration. This work will describe the main models of interval timing, neuroanatomical structures involved in this process, and the main neurotransmitters. The results of studies examining the effect of cannabinoid on the interval timing, possible explanations according to the particular models, and the interaction between the cannabinoid and dopaminergic systems will be described as well. Keywords: interval timing, time perception, cannabinoids, dopamine
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Complex processing of technical hemp and application of isolated fractions
Kohútová, Darina ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
Hemp is a plant containing many active substances and it is widely used in industry. The most common applications are the food, pharmaceutical, textile and cosmetics industries. This diploma thesis dealt with the characterization of hemp fractions, which are created during hemp processing and their potential applications. The theoretical part was focused on the description of the plant, its chemical composition and the research of the active substances in hemp. Also, its industrial use, the technique of hemp processing and the current applications of individual fractions were summarized. In the experimental part, hemp fractions were analysed in terms of nutrient content. Hemp extracts were prepared using three solvents - hexane, 70% ethanol and distilled water, which were compared based on the extraction yield of polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidants, chlorophylls and cannabinoids. Antimicrobial effects were analysed in hexane and ethanol extracts. By-products of hemp processing were used in some screening application in biotechnology, cosmetics and nutrition. The results show that the extract with 70% ethanol had the highest content of active substances. From the hemp fractions, hemp trichomes and Fedora flowers had the highest content of active substances. Cannabis by-products have the potential to become valuable substrates for yeast cultivation. Face scrub containing hemp flour as an abrasive component had favourable results and was acceptable to consumers, as was the prepared hemp flour raw bar, which was evaluated to be comparable to commercially available hemp protein raw bars.
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Effects of long-term use of hemp substances
Horynová, Rebecca ; Ondrušová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Krahulcová, Beáta (referee)
The thesis was divided into two parts. The first part deals with selected long-term impacts of cannabis use and basic concepts such as history, methods of application, use or legislation. In order to understand the whole issue, the basic components of the cannabis plant and their effects. The main part of the theory was then devoted to the possibilities of social work in the field of addiction, but also health complications and therapeutic effects of cannabis. The first part was built on a professional basis literature that addresses this topic. As the work dealt with a very current topic, the latest HARP treatment program was also mentioned. In the second part of the work semi-structured interviews were performed in order to confirm the theoretical part of the work and bring a certain authenticity to the work. The goal was to offer to the reader comprehensive information about cannabis in one place, clearly and transparently. The negatives and the positives that this plant can cause as a result of use were analyzed.
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Cannabinoids and Time Perception
Popova, Anastasia ; Nekovářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Honc, Ondřej (referee)
Interval timing (i.e.the perception of time in the seconds-to-minutes range) allows various animal species including humans to estimate duration of elapsed time. This process can be disrupted by cannabinoids and most often it is subjectively perceived as time deceleration. This work will describe the main models of interval timing, neuroanatomical structures involved in this process, and the main neurotransmitters. The results of studies examining the effect of cannabinoid on the interval timing, possible explanations according to the particular models, and the interaction between the cannabinoid and dopaminergic systems will be described as well. Keywords: interval timing, time perception, cannabinoids, dopamine
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Preparation of anti-dandruff cosmetic products using technical hemp
Posoldová, Kateřina ; Fialová, Lenka (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
The main theme of this bachelor’s thesis is technical hemp and its effects on dandruff. Hemp has been a plant known for years not only because of the hallucinogenic substances which it contains, but also those for that are beneficial to our bodies. The theoretical part characterises hemp and the active substances from it. Then the thesis discusses about skin and a condition called dandruff. The next part describes yeast, which is very often occurs in hair skin disease. The practical part involves preparing ethanol extracts from two varieties of hemp, determining the active substances in the prepared extract and cosmetic products with added hemp extract. Extracts and products were tested using the antimicrobial method. The inhibitory effect was studied on representatives of bacteria and yeast.
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Using of cannabis extracts for the acne preparation of cosmetic products
Pelánová, Lenka ; Langová, Denisa (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
Hemp belongs among important plants with therapeutic effects thanks to its high content of substances. This bachelor thesis brings information about the use of hemp in acne preparations. The theoretical part of this thesis focuses on the characterization of hemp and its active substances. The next chapters deal with acne and Propionibacterium acnes, which is involved in the course. For the experimental part, the extracts of two hemp varieties (Ferimon and Carmagnola) were characterized in terms of antioxidant and cannabinoid presence. The cosmetic preparations with hemp extract content were prepared and commercial products were purchased too. In both the extracts and the cosmetic preparations, their inhibitory effect against Propionibacterium acnes was observed. Micrococcus luteus, Candida glabrata and Escherichia coli were also tested. The results show that dried hemp flower extracts contain the largest amount of active substances. All hemp extracts had effect against gram-positive bacteria, in cosmetic preparations it was minimal effect or no effect.
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Food and cosmetic use of technical hemp
Puškárová, Radka ; Skoumalová, Petra (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
The thesis occupies with the use of hemp in cosmetics and in food processing. In the theoretical part hemp was characterized by the content of active substances. In the experimental part the thesis is concerned with characterization of two different hemp varieties Carmagnola and Ferimon in terms of presence of active substances. The next part focuses on preparation of cosmetic with hemp content. In cosmetic preparations and in the extracts the inhibitory effect against Propionibacterium acnes, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli and Candida glabrata was tested. The content of fatty acids and vitamin E was determined in hemp seed. The results show that dried hemp flower extract contains the largest amount of active substances and has the greatest inhibitory effect against all tested bacteria except Candida there was no effect. Cosmetic preparations did not show almost any inhibitory effect because of low concentration of active substances. The hemp seed contained high amount of PUFA and essential fatty acids. Vitamin E was found out in all of three hemp oils.
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Active components of technical cannabis and their application in cosmetics
Kubáčková, Eliška ; Bokrová, Jitka (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
Hemp is unique plant with many therapeutic effects thanks to its large content of substances. This bachelor thesis brings information about characterization of main biological active substances in cannabis sativa, which are described in theoretical part of this thesis and determined in experimental part of this thesis. As a main active substance were determined antioxidants and cannabinoids for which the liquid chromatography method was optimized. This bachelor thesis also describes the antimicrobial effect of active cannabis substances for which it is used in the cosmetic industry. This antimicrobial activity has been studied in terms of the effect against dandruff, which is primarily caused by the high incidence of Malassezia yeasts on the skin of human hair. For the experimental part, the extracts of the technical hemp and more specific varieties of Bialobrzeskie and Finola were tested, which were further used for the preparation of the anti-dandruff shampoo. By analyzing the active substances in hemp extracts, the uniform result was obtained - the highest content of antioxidants and cannabinoids was reached by preparing of extract from dried hemp flowers. In the last part of the thesis, the antimicrobial effect of hemp extracts and prepared hemp shampoos was determined on selected strains of microorganisms and it was observed antimicrobial activity in extracts and shampoos againts Malassezia furfur yeast.
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