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Archaeobotanical characteristics of plant macroremains of Bronze Age and Iron Age deposits from south Bohemia in settlement and burial contexts
ŠÁLKOVÁ, Tereza
The thesis deals with archaeobotanical analysis and its possible contribution in different types of Bronze Age and Iron Age archaeological contexts. Using this method on selected excavations of the period under study in southern Bohemia, it was possible to capture the species structure of cultivated plants and its development during the studied period. In the context of central Europe, the composition of the plants cultivated in southern Bohemia was closer to the Alpine region in the Early and Middle Bronze Age. In the Late and Final Bronze Age, the composition of the spectrum of cultivated plants in southern Bohemia was distinctive, but closer to the core areas of Bohemia. In the Iron Age, the individual South Bohemian assemblages were different, which was, however, also typical for the Alpine and core areas of Bohemia. However, both of these regions differed from the eastern regions. Archaeobotany made it possible to reconstruct open agricultural landscapes with a high deforestation in the hinterland of hillforts and settlements of the Early and Middle Bronze Age, as well as in the hinterland of model settlements of the Late Bronze Age in the Bechyně region - Hvožďany and Březnice. The deforested landscape was also reflected in the burial on the fringe of the Iron Age settled area in Zahrádka by Český Krumlov. During the period under study the use of plant resources and the economic importance of plant foraging in the hinterland of settlements and around burial sites has been documented. Archaeobotany allowed reconstructing details of the processes related to the deposition of metal hoards in the Bronze Age, processes related to the burial rite and the use of the landscape in the vicinity of the burial sites, as well as processes of waste disposal in the settlements.
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Backfilling pottery in prehistoric mounds
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Věra
Submitted thesis deals with the issue of backfill pottery, specifically with a case study of Mound I, which is part of fifteen mounds near Protivín. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part focuses on the characteristics of mound burials and the issue of backfill pottery in the Bronze Age and in the earlier Iron Age. The second part focuses on the characteristics and treatment of the Mound I. The results of the thesis provide detailed information on the backfill pottery and Mound I, which can serve as a basis for further research and study of this issue.
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Jewel of the Bronze Age in South Bohemia: typo-chronological analysis, finding contexts, social context
NOVÁ, Alena
The aim of the diploma thesis is to provide comprehensive overview of the typological representation of jewellery from the Bronze Age in South Bohemia and try to analyse their structural representation in the finding context during the observed period. In the research part, the general definition of jewellery can be found. In the methodological part, the work futher focuses on descriptors. Based on that the critical analysis of the analysed assemblages is carried out. In the practical part, the hypothesis of possible deposition and traces of use is verified on a selected example of several annular jewels. Items from hoard and burial components are comperaed. Finally a syntesis of the acquired results is presented.
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Bronze Age Settlement in Vinoř-V Žabokřiku
Kleinová, Kateřina ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Smejtek, Lubor (referee)
This study describes results of analysis of findings obtained during the excavation of Knovíz settlement in Praha - Vinoř "V Žabokřiku". One whole above-ground structure was found and few more can be presumed besides the features. The residential area could be separated from the storege area. Great amount of pottery, loom weights, daub, stone industry and individual animal bones was found mostly in bigger features. This settlement represents Knovíz culture in Late Bronze Age (phases Br D - Ha A1) according to the pottery products' analysis. There is no evidence of other cultures. In the site there were breeded domestic animals, we can presume growing and proccessing corn, also textile production. There is no evidence of bronze itams pruduction. Keywords: Central Bohemia - Praha-Vinoř - Bronze Age - Knovíz culture - settlement - pottery
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Paleoenvironmental evolution around Lake Ohrid in the context of ancient settlement
Koubský, Karel ; Hošek, Jan (advisor) ; Abraham, Vojtěch (referee)
Lake Ohrid, the oldest lake in Europe, is an ideal place to study the response of the terrestrial ecosystems to many climatic and environmental changes during the Quaternary. It is also a useful source of information regarding the interactions between man and environment during the Holocene - this applies especially to the Late Bronze Age period and the beginning of the Iron Age, when there were profound changes in landscape management and when lakeside settlements were suddenly abandoned, which is also evident in the palaeobotanical record. This work summarizes the existing knowledge on this issue and presents various possibilities for studying paleoenvironmental development in this area. Key words: Holocene - Lake Ohrid - paleoenvironmental reconstruction - settlement - Bronze Age
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A Stranger of the House - the Crossroads III
Mlynářová, J. ; Kilani, M. ; Alivernini, Sergio
The Crossroads III – A Stranger in the House. Foreigners in Ancient Egyptian and Near Eastern Societies of the Bronze Age conference has been held at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University (Prague) between September 10 and 13, 2018. The main objective of the conference was to enhance our understanding of “foreignness” in ancient societies between the end of the Chalcolithic period and the end of the Late Bronze Age. This book collects some of the twenty most significant contributions presented at the conference. Some authors decided to approach the discussion from a theoretical perspective, or to present and discuss theoretical frameworks that could be used to explore at least some elements underlying the concept of “foreignness”. Others investigated sociocultural dimension involved in the presence of foreigners, or in their interactions with local communities. Cases from Egypt, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, and the Levant, covering the whole of the Bronze Age have been discussed. The wide range of perspectives, and their combination within the frame of the conference often stimulated that multidisciplinary dialogue that was the primary aim of this third edition of Crossroads
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Metallurgy along the East Aegean-West Anatolian Interface in the Second Millennium B.C.
Roháček, Miloš ; Pavúk, Peter (advisor) ; Bouzek, Jan (referee)
(in English): This thesis aims at collecting, cataloguing and analysing bronze objects from the area of the East Aegean-West Anatolian Interface in the second millennium B.C. Based on closer typological assessment and comparanda, the question of eventual local specific production along the Interface, different from the Aegea or Eastern Mediterranean, is being investigated here. From up to 217 collected items, indeed many types of bronzes, especially swords, razors and spearheads indeed show a set of specific features. Also, the characteristic of bronze metals differs in Lower Interface with stronger minoan-mycenaen influnce from items in Upper Interface which seems to be following more anatolian features.
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Archeozoology of the Unetice culture in the light of divergent approaches
Trojánková, Olga ; Horáček, Ivan (advisor) ; Kovačiková, Lenka (referee)
This work summarizes results of a comprehensive analyses of the archaeozoological material on the settlement in Vlíněves dating to the Unetice culture (the early Bronze Age, Central Bohemia). The total of 5325 bones and teeth has been analysed within this analysis, 903 of them was determined and used for further analyses. The taxonomic structure of the material with a clear prevalence of domestic mammals was assessed, the proportion of other groups was low (7 species of wild animals). The application of stable isotopes and dental microwear analyses of faunal assemblage, first used in Bohemia in the context of the Bronze Age period, has specified the nature of a dietary base livestock as grassland habitats, and has ruled out a significant ratio of C4 plants and an application of forest pasture. The combined use of domestic animals with an increase emphasis on so-called secondary products (milk and wool) prove a bimodality in kill-off patterns of sheep and goats, height at withers of sheep, which corresponds to the breeds of sheep extended during the bronze age period and to the high mortality profile of cattle. The proposed results of our work are important in this context because they suggest these facts for the early Bronze Age already. In accordance with circumstances at other sits of Unetice...
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The Late Bronze Age settlement at Hostivice, distr. Prague-West (Central Bohemia)
Kvěchová, Eliška ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Chvojka, Ondřej (referee)
Anotation This study describes results of the processing the excavations obtained during a research of Štítary settlement at Hostivice, distr. Prague-West (Central Bohemia). With the help of ceramic reamains, two residential phases were identified that corespond with the shift between the middle and younger degree of culture. The study was concerned with the existence of separate homesteads. They were not proved. The study looks at the form of the pottery at time when social changes are evident in Central Bohemia. Keywords Central Bohemia - Bronze Age - Štítary culture - settlement - pottery
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Conditions and Impacts of the Auguste Rodin's Exhibition in Prague 1902
Knapová, Martina ; Wittlich, Petr (advisor) ; Prahl, Roman (referee)
One of the main goals of this thesis is to map and describe the events which resulted in the Auguste Rodin's exhibition in Prague 1902 and its impacts on the Czech contemporary artistic scene. First chapter shortly focuses on the evolution of often complicated relationship between Paris and Prague and its connection to the exhibition. Following chapter elaborates on the preparations which took place before the actual exhibition, such as the steps which had to be taken by the Manes Association of Fine Artists to make the event happen (mutual correspondence between Stanislav Sucharda and Auguste Rodin, unique issue of the magazine Volné Směry, Prague municipal's delegation visit at Rodin's studio in Paris, Josef Mařatka's involvement in the organization of the exhibition etc.). Next chapter continues to describe the steps which had to be taken before the grand opening to general public. Fifth chapter covers Rodin's arrival to Prague and the most important items of his agenda, which had been prepared for this significant French sculptor. Second, and substantial, part of this thesis elaborates on the fallout caused by Rodin's work and his visit to Prague and the various means that local artists came up with when trying to deal with it. This part of the thesis not only includes the basic range of...
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