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The influence of foam rolling on range of motion, strength of the knee extensors and flexors, and H/Q ratio
Šablatúra, Michal ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
Title: The influence of foam rolling on range of motion, strength of the knee extensors and flexors and H/Q ratio. Objectives: The aim of the diploma thesis was to determine the effect of the foam roller on the range of motion and strength of the extensors and flexors of the knee joint. The muscular strength of the knee extensors and flexors was determined using a Humac norm isokinetic dynamometer. Another goal was to determine the effect of the foam roller on the force ratio of extensors and flexors (H / Q) which is an important detail for the prevention of lower limb injuries Methods: This is an experimental study. The measured research group (n = 12) consisted of the students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport at the Charles University. A Black roll foam roller of medium hardness with a non-serrated surface was used. The range of motion of the knee flexors were measured using the sit and reach test and the knee extension test. The range of motion of the knee extensors were measured using a modified Thomas test and Ely's test. The isokinetic strength of the extensors and flexors muscles of the knee joint and the H/Q ratio were measured using a Humac Norm isokinetic dynamometer. Results: Measurements showed that the foam roller affected the range of motion of the flexors and extensors...
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Soil microbial communities in agroecosystems and natural habitats contributing to resistance and resilience of the soil environment
Sarikhani, Ensyeh ; Kopecký, Jan (advisor) ; Demnerová, Kateřina (referee) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
Ensyeh Sarikhani Soil microbial communities in agroecosystems and natural habitats contributing to resistance and resilience of the soil environment. Summary The control of common scab of potatoes (CS) includes resistant varieties (cultivars), precise fertilization, increase of soil moisture, and chemical treatments. Yet, these management practices do not have common or reproducible results at differing sites. A monitoring study was done in 32 sites to evaluate the relation between CS and biological/chemical soil parameters. Correlations were observed between scab severity and content of nutrients such as Fe, N, and Ca in soil and periderm, and between disease severity and abundance of actinobacteria and total bacteria, together with the pathogenicity determinant, txtB gene (biosynthetic gene of thaxtomin) in both soil and periderm of potatoes. The findings led to novel conclusions, which can help to understand relationships applicable in scab control. Peat and DTPA chelated iron were supplemented to pots filled with soil conducive for CS in order to determine the effects of soil organic matter, iron and pH on CS development. The results were compared with data obtained for a suppressive soil from a nearby field with naturally low CS severity. Both peat and iron supplements decreased CS and the combination...
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Blind football
Vondráček, Jiří ; Větrovský, Tomáš (advisor) ; Půlpán, David (referee)
Title of the thesis: Blind football Objectives: The objective of this bachelor's thesis is to apprise the public with sport which is as a phenomenon as football adapted to the possibilities of athletes with visual impairments. It is a sport that is not very popular in any territory of ours, just like all other sports for handicapped people. I would like to familiarize people, so that sports activity can come closer, but also to sports enthusiasts who are interested in basic information about this sports game. Method: The bachelor's thesis is made by the method of review, on the basis of summary from theoretical knowledge and specialized information. Results: Writing rules and all available information that is important to know to practice this sport. Key words: football, sport, visual disability, rules
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Integration of walking intervention combining activity monitor and online application into preventive care in general practice: pilot randomised controlled study
Větrovský, Tomáš ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Sigmund, Erik (referee) ; Radvanský, Jiří (referee)
4 Abstract Background: Insufficient physical activity is one of the leading modifiable risk factors responsible for numerous chronic diseases and for premature death. Walking can be considered as the most natural form of physical activity and can be easily incorporated into many activities of daily living. Interventions aimed at promoting walking could substantially contribute towards increasing physical activity levels of the most sedentary individuals; within these interventions, pedometers are commonly used as effective motivational instruments to increase walking in healthy adults and across a range clinical conditions. Additional counseling provided in regular intervals throughout the intervention period can positively influence patients' adherence and help patients overcome certain psychological or lifestyle barriers, ultimately increasing physical activity. Objectives: The main objectives are: (1) To evaluate the feasibility of a pedometer-based walking intervention supplemented with a counseling component in a pilot randomized controlled trial. (2) To assess the preliminary efficacy of the intervention on PA levels and health-related outcomes, including measures of mental health and health-related quality of life. (3) To qualitatively explore the views of patients participating in the intervention....
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Combination of biochemical and high-throughput-sequencing approaches to study the role of Antinobacteria and fungi in the decomposition of plant biomass
Větrovský, Tomáš ; Baldrian, Petr (advisor) ; Slaninová Kyselková, Martina (referee) ; Tomšovský, Michal (referee)
Dead plant biomass is a key pool of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems. Its decomposition in soil environments is thus an essential process of the carbon cycle. Fungi are considered to be the primary decomposers in soil ecosystems because of their physiological adaptations and enzymatic apparatus composed from highly effective oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes. Many recent works show that in addition to fungi, bacteria may also play a significant role in lignocellulose decomposition and among bacteria, the members of the phylum Actinobacteria are often regarded to significantly contribute to cellulose and lignocellulose decomposition. This thesis is focused on the evaluation of the role that fungi and Actinobacteria play in dead plant biomass degradation. First, it explored mechanisms involved in degradation, in particular the enzymatic breakdown of major lignocellulose components as cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Enzymatic apparatus of the saprotrophic fungus Fomes fomentarius was explored both in vitro as well as in vivo. Several Actinobacteria were isolated from soil and comparative experiments, investigating production of hydrolytic enzymes, were carried out to track the transformation of polysaccharides and lignin by these strains. To explain the roles of lignocellulose decomposers in...
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Obesity monitoring in middle aged men in Hradec Králové
Senecký, Petr ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Obesity monitoring in middle aged men in Hradec Kralove Targets: The targets of thesis is to determine prevalence of the obesity in men at age 30 - 50 years in Hradec Kralove. The necessary data for this empirical research will be obtained on the basis of the questionnaires distributed among 30 active athletes and 30 pacients of prof. Martinik's diabetology office, who suffer from obesity and undergo treatment in his office. Subsequently, I will perform a deep analysis of all the data obtained from the questionnaries, in order to identify hazard factors for obesity, stress management, physical aktivity, fixed daily routine and life management or the prevalence of the genetic load in the group of surveyed athletes and surveyed obese patients of prof. Martiník's diabetology office. These data will be then compared in order to identifily the main differences between active athletes and obese patients. Methods: The empirical research was conducted at 30 randomly selected active athletes (at age 30 - 50 years), who live in Hradec Kralove and at 30 random patients (also at age 30 - 50 years) of prof. Martiník, who also live in Hradec Kralove and undergo medical treatment on the basis of the questionnaire, which I created myself and filled personally with the patients and athletes in order to...
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Pyrosequencing analysis of fungal assemblages and the effect of ITS rDNA intragenomic variation on diversity estimates
Zelenka, Tomáš ; Kolařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
The ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA has recently become a frequently studied region for its use as a barcode marker. It is employed in environmental metagenomic analyses, the determination of fungi and in studies of fungal phylogenetics. In genomes, rDNA occurs in the form of large multicopy tandem arrays. Thus common Sanger sequencing leads to a consensus of many copies which in fact conceals most of the potential intragenomic variation. However 454 pyrosequencing reveals the sequence of single copies. Although it is believed that most of the variation among copies is reduced during a process called concerted evolution, some variation might still be conserved, including variation of non-functional pseudogenes. As a consequence, when using 454 pyrosequencing, we are not able to discriminate between this variation and real diversity. This could have a huge impact on the estimation of real diversity as well as on the correct assessment of pyrosequence studies. This thesis reviews current knowledge of intragenomic variation among fungi and summarizes some papers applying pyrosequencing in the research of fungal diversity. At the same time it indicates intragenomic variation as a potential cause of untrue diversity in diversity studies. Up until now there hasn't existed any experimental survey covering...
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