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Influence of physical intervention on the musculoskeletal system in patients before and after planned bariatric surgery
Cibulková, Natálie ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Angerová, Yvona (referee) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Influence of physical intervention on the musculoskeletal system in patients before and after planned bariatric surgery. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three months physical intervention on the development of static postural stability, musculoskeletal pain, health-related quality of life and physical fitness of obese individuals before and after bariatric surgery. Methods: This is a monocentric prospective non-randomized study. The study included 25 patients of both sexes aged 40 to 57 years (BMI 36-49 kg/m2 ). The patients were divided into an intervention and a control group. The intervention group (INT, n = 7; age 48.9 ± 5.6 years; BMI 40.6 ± 5.5 kg/m2 ) underwent a 3-month resistance aerobic exercise program with a frequency of exercises 3 times a week. The control group (KON, n = 18; age 46.8 ± 12.7 years, BMI 44.2 ± 6.4 kg/m2 ) was not subjected to the exercise program. The level of static postural stability, perceived musculoskeletal pain, health-related quality of life and the level of physical fitness in the periods before and 3, 6 and 12 months after bariatric surgery were assessed. Results: The study showed that resistance aerobic physical intervention improves musculoskeletal pain and health-related quality of life in obese patients...
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Integration of walking intervention combining activity monitor and online application into preventive care in general practice: pilot randomised controlled study
Větrovský, Tomáš ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Sigmund, Erik (referee) ; Radvanský, Jiří (referee)
4 Abstract Background: Insufficient physical activity is one of the leading modifiable risk factors responsible for numerous chronic diseases and for premature death. Walking can be considered as the most natural form of physical activity and can be easily incorporated into many activities of daily living. Interventions aimed at promoting walking could substantially contribute towards increasing physical activity levels of the most sedentary individuals; within these interventions, pedometers are commonly used as effective motivational instruments to increase walking in healthy adults and across a range clinical conditions. Additional counseling provided in regular intervals throughout the intervention period can positively influence patients' adherence and help patients overcome certain psychological or lifestyle barriers, ultimately increasing physical activity. Objectives: The main objectives are: (1) To evaluate the feasibility of a pedometer-based walking intervention supplemented with a counseling component in a pilot randomized controlled trial. (2) To assess the preliminary efficacy of the intervention on PA levels and health-related outcomes, including measures of mental health and health-related quality of life. (3) To qualitatively explore the views of patients participating in the intervention....
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Estimation of normative values for the semantic verbal fluency test in older adults over 50
Papežová, Vanda ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Estimation of normative values for the semantic verbal fluency test in older adults over 50 Objective: The aim of the diploma thesis was to create normative values for the semantic verbal fluency test (animal category) for older adults over 50 years, depending on the level of education achieved. Methods: The diploma thesis is constructed as a cross-sectional study. All data were obtained from the international project Survey of Health Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The descriptive statistics of participants were produced with calculated means and standard deviation for continuous variables and percentage for categorical variables. The median and interquartile range for age and semantic verbal fluency test (animal category), and 2nd , 7th , and 16th percentile as the cut-off points for verbal fluency test (animal category) were calculated for participants divided into ISCED - 97 education levels and for each country separately. Results: Data from 64,242 participants aged 66.4 were analyzed, and the female ratio was 55.8 %. All respondents were older adults over 50 years old from 20 European countries. Figures and tables show that all percentiles as cut-off points increased linearly with levels of education. Other result is that the performance in the test gradually decreased with...
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Sedentary behavior of students from a military specialization
Vencl, Pavel ; Větrovský, Tomáš (advisor) ; Heller, Jan (referee)
Title: Mapping the context of sedentary behavior of Military Field university students Objectives: The aim of my bachelor thesis is to map the social, environmental and psychological correlates of sedentary behavior of Military Field university students using the event-based Ecological Momentary Assessment method (immediate assessment in the natural environment based on a physical behavior event) employing Fitbit activity monitor. Methods: Empirical-theoretical methods were used and the data were collected with repeated electronic surveys during seven days. The study sample consisted of professional soldiers who were students of military physical education at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport at Charles University in Prague. A total of 16 men born between 1995 - 2000 participated in the assessment (20-25 years). The surveys were triggered by sedentary episodes lasting at least 30 minutes that were detected by Fitbit activity monitor. Each survey consisted of five branched questions about the place, activity, other people, and feeling of fatigue related to the episode of sitting. Results: A total of 360 surveys were triggered, of which 293 were responded (81 %). Most episodes of sitting were recorded at home (195/293, i.e. 67 %), where the most common activities included watching the...
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The influence of foam rolling on range of motion, strength of the knee extensors and flexors, and H/Q ratio
Šablatúra, Michal ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
Title: The influence of foam rolling on range of motion, strength of the knee extensors and flexors and H/Q ratio. Objectives: The aim of the diploma thesis was to determine the effect of the foam roller on the range of motion and strength of the extensors and flexors of the knee joint. The muscular strength of the knee extensors and flexors was determined using a Humac norm isokinetic dynamometer. Another goal was to determine the effect of the foam roller on the force ratio of extensors and flexors (H / Q) which is an important detail for the prevention of lower limb injuries Methods: This is an experimental study. The measured research group (n = 12) consisted of the students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport at the Charles University. A Black roll foam roller of medium hardness with a non-serrated surface was used. The range of motion of the knee flexors were measured using the sit and reach test and the knee extension test. The range of motion of the knee extensors were measured using a modified Thomas test and Ely's test. The isokinetic strength of the extensors and flexors muscles of the knee joint and the H/Q ratio were measured using a Humac Norm isokinetic dynamometer. Results: Measurements showed that the foam roller affected the range of motion of the flexors and extensors...
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Soil microbial communities in agroecosystems and natural habitats contributing to resistance and resilience of the soil environment
Sarikhani, Ensyeh ; Kopecký, Jan (advisor) ; Demnerová, Kateřina (referee) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
Ensyeh Sarikhani Soil microbial communities in agroecosystems and natural habitats contributing to resistance and resilience of the soil environment. Summary The control of common scab of potatoes (CS) includes resistant varieties (cultivars), precise fertilization, increase of soil moisture, and chemical treatments. Yet, these management practices do not have common or reproducible results at differing sites. A monitoring study was done in 32 sites to evaluate the relation between CS and biological/chemical soil parameters. Correlations were observed between scab severity and content of nutrients such as Fe, N, and Ca in soil and periderm, and between disease severity and abundance of actinobacteria and total bacteria, together with the pathogenicity determinant, txtB gene (biosynthetic gene of thaxtomin) in both soil and periderm of potatoes. The findings led to novel conclusions, which can help to understand relationships applicable in scab control. Peat and DTPA chelated iron were supplemented to pots filled with soil conducive for CS in order to determine the effects of soil organic matter, iron and pH on CS development. The results were compared with data obtained for a suppressive soil from a nearby field with naturally low CS severity. Both peat and iron supplements decreased CS and the combination...
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Blind football
Vondráček, Jiří ; Větrovský, Tomáš (advisor) ; Půlpán, David (referee)
Title of the thesis: Blind football Objectives: The objective of this bachelor's thesis is to apprise the public with sport which is as a phenomenon as football adapted to the possibilities of athletes with visual impairments. It is a sport that is not very popular in any territory of ours, just like all other sports for handicapped people. I would like to familiarize people, so that sports activity can come closer, but also to sports enthusiasts who are interested in basic information about this sports game. Method: The bachelor's thesis is made by the method of review, on the basis of summary from theoretical knowledge and specialized information. Results: Writing rules and all available information that is important to know to practice this sport. Key words: football, sport, visual disability, rules
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Integration of walking intervention combining activity monitor and online application into preventive care in general practice: pilot randomised controlled study
Větrovský, Tomáš ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Sigmund, Erik (referee) ; Radvanský, Jiří (referee)
4 Abstract Background: Insufficient physical activity is one of the leading modifiable risk factors responsible for numerous chronic diseases and for premature death. Walking can be considered as the most natural form of physical activity and can be easily incorporated into many activities of daily living. Interventions aimed at promoting walking could substantially contribute towards increasing physical activity levels of the most sedentary individuals; within these interventions, pedometers are commonly used as effective motivational instruments to increase walking in healthy adults and across a range clinical conditions. Additional counseling provided in regular intervals throughout the intervention period can positively influence patients' adherence and help patients overcome certain psychological or lifestyle barriers, ultimately increasing physical activity. Objectives: The main objectives are: (1) To evaluate the feasibility of a pedometer-based walking intervention supplemented with a counseling component in a pilot randomized controlled trial. (2) To assess the preliminary efficacy of the intervention on PA levels and health-related outcomes, including measures of mental health and health-related quality of life. (3) To qualitatively explore the views of patients participating in the intervention....
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Combination of biochemical and high-throughput-sequencing approaches to study the role of Antinobacteria and fungi in the decomposition of plant biomass
Větrovský, Tomáš ; Baldrian, Petr (advisor) ; Slaninová Kyselková, Martina (referee) ; Tomšovský, Michal (referee)
Dead plant biomass is a key pool of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems. Its decomposition in soil environments is thus an essential process of the carbon cycle. Fungi are considered to be the primary decomposers in soil ecosystems because of their physiological adaptations and enzymatic apparatus composed from highly effective oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes. Many recent works show that in addition to fungi, bacteria may also play a significant role in lignocellulose decomposition and among bacteria, the members of the phylum Actinobacteria are often regarded to significantly contribute to cellulose and lignocellulose decomposition. This thesis is focused on the evaluation of the role that fungi and Actinobacteria play in dead plant biomass degradation. First, it explored mechanisms involved in degradation, in particular the enzymatic breakdown of major lignocellulose components as cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Enzymatic apparatus of the saprotrophic fungus Fomes fomentarius was explored both in vitro as well as in vivo. Several Actinobacteria were isolated from soil and comparative experiments, investigating production of hydrolytic enzymes, were carried out to track the transformation of polysaccharides and lignin by these strains. To explain the roles of lignocellulose decomposers in...
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