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Denní a noční aktivita hlaváče černoústého a vranky obecné
POLÍVKA, Zdeněk
This Bachelor thesis is about comparison of the day and night activity of the round goby and the European bullhead under controlled conditions with shelter and positive stimuli (food) provided. 15 European bullheads and 15 round gobies were observed for this experiment - in three separated artificial systems with a simulated water flow. Each system consisted of storage tank, pumps and experimental channel. In the experimental channel (length 2 m, width 0.15 m, water depth max. 0.1 m) was possible to change the water flow up to 40 l per second and was equipped with a barrier to prevent fish to escape. The light regime was set for 12 hours of day light and 12 hours of dark. That was similar to natural ambient light regime in natural conditions during experimental work (from 22.5. to 8.6.2019). Fish were observed for 28 hours and obtained video-recordings were analysed by program EthoVision?XT and visually. Activity and spatial preferences of above-mentioned species were monitored. In accordance to our results we can conclude that there are not big differences between studied species. The main differences were stress induced behavioural fluctuations after deployment, reflected by different activity and environmental preferences. During the stress period, the round goby was more active than the European bullhead and spent a longer time in the escape zone. The next difference occurred with the stress after putting fish into the tanks. There was seen steady decline of activity in the round goby and the step-like decline of activity in the European bullhead after acclimatization period. Our results also confirmed preferences of the round goby rather for slow running water areas while in the European bullhead the opposite pattern i.e. prefer faster running water. Round Goby was more active outside of the shelter during the light acclimatization. Round goby moved more frequently with only slight decreases between light and dark acclimatization compared to European bullhead. There was not big difference in the food acquisition, which reflects that both species are able to cope with high water velocities exceeding 0.7 m. s-1. Our results also evidently provided information that fish need for behavioural stabilization relatively long acclimatization period.
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Between Nostalgia and Pragmatism: Cormac McCarthy's 'Border Trilogy.'
Polívka, Zdeněk ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Roraback, Erik Sherman (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT This thesis deals with the problematics and the role of American frontier and American West in Cormac McCarthy's border trilogy consisting of All the Pretty Horses (1992), The Crossing (1994) and Cities of the Plain (1999). The reading proper focuses mainly on the second novel of the trilogy, making frequent references to both the other two volumes of the trilogy and to Blood Meridian (1985), a novel directly preceding the trilogy itself. The main goal of the thesis is to demonstrate that the trilogy not only critically engages with the American nationalist ideology represented by a nostalgically conceptualized myths of the American frontier, but that it also offers its own alternative vision of the concept of the frontier and of American national identity. The thesis further claims that McCarthy's critical approach to the mythical representations of the American history bears strong resemblance to the philosophy of American pragmatism as defined by a French philosopher Giles Deleuze in his works dedicated to American thinking and culture. In his pragmatic view of American identity the frontier ceases to function in its traditional, nationalistic sense as a line of separation that divides the social and political space into binary categories, and instead it is understood as an open and...
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Religion of War: The Disruption of Telos in Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian
Polívka, Zdeněk ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Ulmanová, Hana (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT This thesis takes it upon itself to investigate Cormac McCarthy's rendition of the process of creation of American national identity based on pragmatic individualism during the period of the nation's westward expansion, as it appears in his 1985 novel Blood Meridian Or The Evening Redness in the West. The initial point of departure for the argument will be the essay written by G. Deleuze "Bartleby; or, The Formula," where Deleuze conceives of American identity and culture as a continuous process of rapture with what he calls paternal models of social formation pertaining to the old continent, seeing the pragmatic line of thought as the chief constituting factor of this essentially anti-teleological process. This attitude is going to be juxtaposed to McCarthy's own depiction of America in the period of the nation's westward expansion. Through working with Deleuze and F. Guattari's concepts of reterritorialization and deterritorialization we shall investigate some of the prominent features of McCarthy's narrative style, most notably his imagery and narrative technique, attempting to suggest how his specific stylistic choices influence the novel's rendition of what shall be claimed to be an ideologically decentered space, not dissimilar to Deleuze's conception of nation without fathers....
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