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Narrative strategies in Albert Camus novels
Brýlová, Markéta ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
Existuje jistě mnoho způsobů, jak přistupovat k dílu Alberta Camuse, jednoho z nejuznávanějších francouzských spisovatelů 20. století. Řada prací byla věnována přínosu jeho díla filozofického, hojné jsou studie zabývající se tématikou a imaginativní složkou jeho díla románového, nemalé úsilí bylo vynaloženo i na kvanti tati vní analýzy Camusova "slovníku" ... 1 Každá z řádek jeho díla byla opsána a okomentována nesčetněkrát. Nabízí se otázka, má-li vůbec smysl přidávat touto diplomovou prací k tunám papíru, který byl popsán ve snaze osvětlit Camusovo dílo filozofické i literární řadou fundovaných literárních kritiků, lingvistů, filozofů, psychoanalytiků, sociologů, něj aké to deko navíc. Na obhaj obu tohoto počinu uveďme alespoň dva základní důvody, proč se nám zdá být naše diplomová práce opodstatněná. Prvním důvodem je skutečnost, že se v českém prostředí věnuje tomuto autorovi menší pozornost, než by zasluhoval. Jestliže v zahraničí, především pak ve francouzském a anglofonním prostředí, doprovází Camusovo dílo neutuchající zájem, mezi jehož projevy patří i rozsáhlá publikační činnost, v Čechách, zdá se, počet studií věnovaných tomuto autorovi přece jen zůstává pozadu. Pro ilustraci uveďme prostý fakt, že za posledních 40 let byly na půdě románských studií FF UK věnovány Albertu Camusovi pouhé tři...
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The problem of identity in the Martinican literature of the 20th century
Jarolímková, Kateřina ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
The document seeks to explore the problem of the (re)construction of an authentic identity in the twentieth-century Martinican literature. Outlining the everyday reality of the island, the work tries to itemize the principal traumatisms of the Martinican post-slavery society that the litterature adopts, striving to find for them the proper remedy. Moreover, analysing the concrete pieces of Aimé Césaire, Édouard Glissant and Patrick Chamoiseau, the document shows the actual evolution of the identity search in the Martinican literature as well as the cultural and literary means that the Martinican writers use to overcome finally the identity and cultural alienation of their original society, and presents at the same time the possible future developpement of the Martinican identity itself.
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The decline of courtly love ideal in the prose of 15th century
Novotná, Hana ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
This study, entitled ''The Dechne of Courtly Love Ideal in the Prose of 15th century", examines the origins, evolution, and the eventual dechne of courtly love. The Mal period is illustrated by Antoine de la Sale's piece from the mid-fifteenth century, fehan de Saintré. The first part introduces various theories of the origin of courtly love. Denis de Rougemonťs controversial theory of the religious origin of courtly love is presented in more detail, and compared to other, more c1assical theories. The fundamentals of courtly love as described in The Romance oj the Rose are compared to those in De Amore by Andreas Capellanus. The uptake of courtly ideals by pro se, as well as their further deve1opment, especially in nove1s, are also treated. The second part outlines two principal perspectives of the literary theory on fehan de Saintré. In particular, the consideration of this piece as a nostalgic remembrance of the vanishing fame of courtly love is contrasted with the interpretation of fehan de Saintré as a portrait of Jehan's successful chivalric career. The detailed study of the sections relevant to the "courtoise" reveals the latter theory to be more persuasive.
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Emile Zola and Honoré de Balzac: The (Im)perfection of artwork
Novotná, Helena ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
The bachelor thesis Émile Zola and Honoré de Balzac: The (Im)perfection of artwork is an analytical comparison of the content of these two works, where the authors of these pieces are the main representatives among the French novel writers in the 19th century. The main portion of this thesis contains a comparison of The Unknown Masterpiece (Le Chef- d'oeuvre inconnu, 1837) from Balzac and The Masterpiece (L'Oeuvre, 1886) from Zola. The beginning of this thesis looks at several events in the lives of the authors, which inspired the creation of the two works that are being compared. The following chapter analyzes the keypoints in the short story from Balzac. This section looks predominantly at the character of the painter, the process of his work, as well as the art theories that are contained in the text. The very same format is used for the analysis of The Masterpiece by Zola. After that, a comparison of the analyzed parts follows, and the conclusion pinpoints the different approach that both writers took to the same topic.
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Negritude and a new poetic language, originated from colonial history
Šarše, Vojtěch ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
This work deals with Aimé Césaire's book Cahier d'un retour au pays natal, its function a value for author himself and for reader. At first, the paper explains, using linguistic and semantic analysis of chosen passages of this book, the liberation of author from the literary conventions and forms of his time, the quest of authentic style and his own poetic language. In the first part, the influence of french literature on Césaire's creation, precisely of Lautréamont, Rimbaud, Baudelaire, is explained. Afterwards, the work focuses on the emancipation tendencies which consist in the organic incorporation of the surrealistic practices and of creole influence into his poetry. In the second part, the paper attempts to give a description of author's determination to liberate the oppressed people, by the society, and his seeking of a new identity, based on omitted history of this people, on his ancestors and mainly on his forgotten roots. In the first place, indirect influence of the colonialism: his cruelty, enslavement, Triangular trade on Césaire's literary creation is described. The aim is to show the attitude of the author to the suffering of slaves and how he describes it to the reader and how he uses his heroes to accuse the colonialism of his cruel and usually atrocious practices to regain proud for his people.
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Poetry on the Road
Likina, Nina Justina ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
The present study seeks to describe the significance of the road, the walking, the escape in Arthur Rimbaud's poetry through the analysis of his poems and the synthesis of the works of his biographers. The study shows the mentioned themes both as motifs present in all the works of Arthur Rimbaud and as a real, radical desire that led his life. Starting with the first influences and impressions that formed Rimbaud's imagination, through his further flights and wanderings up to the definitive escape to Africa and the refusal of the poetry this work creates a compact line, discovers whether the visions and dreams of the poet were fulfilled and whether his poetry relates to his life journey. The study also focuses on the subject of the unity of life and art through the analysis of different approaches of literary scientists.
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French travel books on Italy - the self and the poetics of a voyage (Montaigne, Montesquieu, Sade, Stendhal)
Balcarová, Eva ; Hrbata, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
The voyages to Italy constituted a considerable phenomenon of the European culture. This cultural tradition gradually created a rich corpus of peculiar literature. Every now and then, a travel journal or a traveller's correspondence comes out that has not been published before, there are many exhibitions of the artists that sought their inspiration beyond the Alps and it was because of the rich Italian art that Italy became the final destination of the Grand Tour. Apart from the Englishmen, the French were the most numerous group of travellers on the Apennine Peninsula. Even the political situation contributed to the impact of the Italian culture on the French one, especially the Great Italian Wars and the subsequent presence of the Medici family on the French throne. Four texts were chosen from the plenitude of French works dedicated to the voyage to Italy: the travelogues of Montaigne, Montesquieu, Sade and Stendhal. The choice of such eminent personalities, who got famous, in the first place, through other works than those depicting the journeys over the Alps, made it possible to focus on the way this voyage influenced their further oeuvre. In their perception of Italy, both the distinct eras of cultural development to which they belonged and their diverse personalities are reflected: Montaigne's journey...
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The role of secondary characters in Molière's comedies
Řádková, Tereza ; Šuman, Záviš (advisor) ; Pohorský, Aleš (referee)
This Master's diploma thesis deals with the work of French playwright Molière, to be more precise, with types of characters in his plays. The thesis is not only based on Molière's main works Don Juan, Tartuffe or The Miser but it also studies characters in comedies like The Bourgeois Gentleman, Scapin's Deceits and others. It distinguishes two categories, major and minor characters. Nevertheless the attention is particularly focused on the minor characters. The goal of the thesis is to show what importance the characters have in Molière's plays and what is their role. Keywords: Classicism, Comedy, Molière, Character, French Drama, French Literature, Secondary Character
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Oriental lLandscape in the French Travel Literature of 19th Century.
Kostik Šubrová, Zdeňka ; Pohorský, Aleš (advisor) ; Kyloušek, Petr (referee) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
Tato práce zkoumá orientální krajiny ve francouzském cestopise 19. století. Autorka vnímá cestopis jako svébytný literární žánr a hlásí se k topologické a tematologické kritice, motiv krajiny v literárním textu definuje v souladu se školou A. Rogera jako gesto umělého a cíleného výběru submotivů. 19. století znamenalo ve francouzské próze obrodu a uměleckou emancipaci cestopisného žánru, přičemž cesty do Orientu se historicky i kulturně staly pilířem tohoto procesu. S vývojem cestopisu v daném období jsou spjaty významné modifikace identity mluvčích, kteří v textu prezentují krajinu. První část práce analyzuje tento proces, díky němuž se extratextuální entita autora člení na historicko-biografickou identitu autora- turisty a autora-umělce, jenž s sebou nese předchozí intelektuální zkušenost a prekonstituované obrazy Orientu. Intratextuální entita vypravěče se pak rozdvojuje na cestovatele a vypravěče, přičemž první mluvčí zprostředkovává "zážitky z cest", vytváří autenticitu cestopisu, zatímco vypravěč je nadstavbovým mluvčím, jenž na základě vjemů cestovatele interpretuje krajinu, dodává jí intertextuální kontext a modifikuje časové linie cesty zapojením paměti. Studie jednotlivých cestopisných textů ve druhé části práce ukazuje, jak se v průběhu 19. století motiv orientální krajiny sémanticky i...
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