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Distortions of the labour market in Jeseník district
Hanáček, Tomáš ; Štípek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Petrášek, František (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the Jeseník district especially because its unemployment rate and similar indicators are highly above the average of The Czech Republic. This thesis deals with the work market in the Jeseník area and its deformations according to specific groups of inhabitants in the local environment which is characteristic for its employment sectors. The goal of this thesis is to analyze these groups and their influence on the unemployment. Specific groups of inhabitants have been identified and highlighted especially those who present a risk for the district. The thesis compares the situation at place mainly with the neighboring districts and the average values in The Czech Republic. A reader can get familiar also with the larger context of the region thanks to the part which explains current situation using historical contexts.
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Active policy of employment Czech republic and Slovakia
Verčimáková, Kristína ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Petrášek, František (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on unemployment in Slovak and Czech Republic. It compares the situation in both countries in last four years. Main part of this work are active measures in the labor market, which are helping to fight with high levels of unemployment rate. Primary target will be analysis of individual chosen instruments comparable in both countries. The subject of research will be created working places, number of enrolled applicants, number of placed people in labor market and comparison between individual states.
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Political-business cycle in Czech Republic
Němeček, Petr ; Petrášek, František (advisor) ; Pícl, Michal (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on political-business cycle which is a theme frequently omitted in discussions about economic situation in the Czech Republic. Theoretical part of the work will provide readers with the topic of political-business cycle and its basic models which will serve as a support to the statistical research in the analytical part. Is fiscal policy in hands of Czech politicians an efficient tool to manipulate voters? The aim of the work is to answer this question and thus give a detailed look of political-business cycle on example of four regular electoral periods of Czech Parliament. To reach the goal of diploma thesis, we used regressive analysis to examine hypothesis if the date of elections influences certain folders of income and expenses of government budget. This hypothesis was not accepted on the significance level of 5 per cent. The reasons are mainly short time series of tested indicators.
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Quantitative easing and its impact on Czech economy
Řehák, Martin ; Petrášek, František (advisor) ; Misic, Viktorija (referee)
The master thesis analyses potential impacts of introduction of the quantitative easing by the Czech National Bank as a new monetary instrument in the Czech Republic, which would be used as a means of fight against the economic cycle. Instruments which a central bank can use in the area of monetary policy become limited in the era of major interest rates inclining to zero. Power of conventional means becomes insufficient. As a result, more and more central banks consider introduction of a relatively new instrument -- quantitative easing which is applied e.g. by the FED or the ECB at present. The main goal of the thesis is to assess advantages and disadvantages of introduction of quantitative easing by the Czech National Bank and its ability to influence the economic cycle when basic principles of quantitative easing are applied on a real small opened economy. The output should present analysis and assessment of costs and benefits arising from introduction of quantitative easing. Actual data from the economies, where the quantitative easing has been applied, are analyzed in the thesis. The results of the analysis are used as a basis for creation of a simple universal model of functioning of quantitative easing which is after customizing according to specifics of the Czech economy, applied to the Czech Republic. Three possible scenarios of development of economy after introduction of quantitative easing by the CNB were developed on the basis of the model which differs from each other as they relate to a different phase of economic cycle.
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Je Eurozóna ekonomickou chybou? Přístup teorie optimálních měnových zón
Drobík, Michal ; Petrášek, František (advisor) ; Mládek, Josef (referee)
The diploma thesis is aimed to apply the theoretical concept of optimum currency areas, i.e. probably the most comprehensive approach to analyze the suitability of establishing a currency area, to the real and currently difficulties solving environment of EMU states. The first, theoretical-methodological part shows the development of the OCA theory, as founded by Robert A. Mundell and expanded upon by further contributors and critics thereafter. This part focuses especially on defining the optimality criteria, which are then analyzed in the empirical-analytical section. In order to assess the level of optimality, which the euro area members have reached during the common currency existence period, concrete and empirical data are analyzed - data, showing the previous development of the selected indicators, describing the criteria fulfilling. In the final part of the thesis, the author considers the overall optimality rate of euro area and points out its consequences for the Czech Republic, as a candidate country. Furthermore, the entry-timing question is discussed as well, when finished by a two possible scenarios of our accession to EMU. In relation to this issue, the author also discusses the relevancy to assess the readiness for entering the euro area according to the parameters of Maastricht criteria.
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Comparison of Czech and Polish transformation of property rights during economic transition
Kricner, Jakub ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Petrášek, František (referee)
At the beginning of the 1990's, a crucial systemic change took place in the Eastern Europe at that time -- and that was a changeover from a planned to a market economy. This thesis aims at the comparison of one of the very basic cornerstones of this economic transition -- the transformation of property rights from the state to the private ownership. In the theoretical part, a factual change of ownership in Czechoslovakia and Poland will be compared: the arrangement of institutional conditions, strategies, methods and the actual course of the property rights change during the years 1989 -- 1993 till the break-up of the federation. The analytical part focuses on the analysis of the property rights change in both countries with a special emphasis on their common and also distinct features (a diverse rate of privatization etc.), which were given by different initial conditions in those two countries. This part also deals with the consequences and evaluation of the conditions that both of the analyzed countries prepared for the development of a market economy. The main aim of the thesis is to compare the efficiency of two essentially unlike approaches to the change of property rights. The partial goal is to describe the development and time discrepancy of institutions and working of real economic processes, particularly in relation to a capital market. The consequences of either delayed or timely birth of significant institutions will also be evaluated.
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A Polemic with Joseph Stiglitz on the Selected Aspects of Globalization
Schilla, Filip ; Lipka, David (advisor) ; Petrášek, František (referee)
This thesis deals with possible convergence/divergence in evaluation of globalization between pro-market economists (represented by author of this thesis) on the one hand and Mr. Joseph Stiglitz (major American economist) on the other hand. Taken into account and scrutinized are hereby some selected aspects of globalization, namely those treated in Joseph Stiglitz's recent book Making Globalization Work. The author, on the basis of economic theory and its application on those selected aspects, comes to conclusions that differ completely from the ones of Mr. Stiglitz. Differences and divergences in conclusions between Mr. Stiglitz and the author stem, indeed, from their individual preferences in the field of economic theory.
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Current System of Tertiary Education in Czech Republic - Time for a Change
Jánská, Barbora ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Petrášek, František (referee)
Human capital is an important element creating competitive advantage of individual states. Tertiary education has a key role in increasing of human capital. The aim of this diploma work is an analysis of the system of tertiary education in the Czech Republic, which is topped with a proposal for its amendment. The hypothesis of optimal orientation of tertiary education and the need for appropriate reforms is tested. The diploma work presents the development of tertiary education in the Czech Republic and evaluation of its current state, which I did using custom indicators and statistical data from the OECD database, Czech Statistics Office and the National Institute of Professional Education. To find out the problems of the Czech tertiary education, I conducted a SWOT analysis created on the basis of an international comparison of tertiary education in the Czech Republic and selected countries (USA, Germany, China). In the final part of the work I evaluated selected problem areas in the context with relevant reform opinions for their solution and stated own suggestions and recommendations for changes in the tertiary education system obtained using causal analysis.
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Analysis of Selected Macroeconomic Debt Relations of the Polish and Czech Economies in the Period of 2000-2010
Jež, Marek ; Petrášek, František (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Pavel (referee)
The thesis deals with the analysis of the development of the fast-paced debt growth of Polish and Czech economies in the years between 2000 and 2010. It focuses on the most debt-ridden sectors; those of households and government institutions. The thesis identifies the causes of the dynamic debt increase of these sectors in both economies. The outcome of the analysis is also the evaluation of the debt expansion influence on the growth of GDP. The evaluation is based on the available data from the databases of statistical offices and central banks. The cause behind the debt of households is a confluence of several factors both on the part of demand and offer. Apparently, the key factor is the relaxed monetary policy of the central bank. The cause of government institutions debt are predominantly the anually created state budget deficits, and thus maintained an expansive character of the fiscal policies. Debt therefore additionally stimulated the economies in what already was a period of growth.
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