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Demand for gas: Evidence from the 2022 energy crisis
Stuchlík, Jan ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Opatrný, Matěj (referee)
This thesis analyzes the effects of the 2022 energy crisis on changes in consump- tion patterns among Czech households, with the main focus on natural gas and other energy sources. We captured the effects using income and cross-price elas- ticity of expenditure shares of various goods. We calculated these elasticities from estimated parameters of a quadratic almost ideal demand system. The system parameters were estimated using the iterated feasible generalized non- linear least squares method on household-level data collected by PAQ Research. Demand for gas is income-elastic during the energy crisis, contrasting with other energy sources. Households made significant adjustments to their consumption of luxury goods and necessities in response to the high energy prices. The cross- price elasticity estimates show a decrease in expenditure shares of luxury goods and distant heat in relation to higher gas prices. Reduced healthcare and trans- port expenditure shares and increased solid fuels expenditure shares are related to higher electricity prices. In response to rising prices of necessities, households generally decrease expenditure shares of luxury goods. Households' reactions to the energy crisis are heterogeneous among socio-economic groups.
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The effect of forced Ukrainian migration on the labour market in the Czech Republic
Stavarová, Nikola ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
This work aims to analyze the effect of forced migration on the Czech labor market. Specifically, I investigated the possible impact of the wave of refugees on the development of unemployment in localities of the Czech Republic after the outbreak of the war in Ukraine on February 24, 2022. I based the analysis on cross-sectional data at the district level and I added observation for Prague to the dataset. I've had data on unemployment and migration for the 2022-2023 period. I created a model where the dependent variable was the percentage difference in unemployment, which represented its development, and the main explanatory variable was migration. I also added other independent variables for more accurate estimates. I estimated this model using the method of ordinary least squares and I also used the two- stage least squares method due to the assumption of endogenity. As part of the second- mentioned method, I used the instrumental variable of the level of the Ukrainian population from 2018. I statistically tested the endogeneity in the model with the Hausmann test. I also estimated the models on a limited dataset, where I omitted three observations with outliers. I complemented the entire analysis of forced immigration with an analysis of economic migration, which reflected the main research, and...
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Analysis of Migration and Crime: Evidence from the Czech Republic
Kubů, Vít ; Šoltés, Michal (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
This bachelor's thesis studies the impact of the Ukrainian refugee wave in 2022 on the crime rate in the Czech Republic. There are many articles on the effect of migration on crime, but because migration waves differ in many circumstances (motives for migration, migrants' characteristics), it is necessary to examine each migration wave separately. To identify the effect, the thesis relies on geographical variations in migrants' destinations and on a Bartik shift- share instrument to address potential endogeneity concerns. Our findings show a small positive and statistically significant effect of the migration wave on the number of committed overall crimes, property crimes, violent crimes, and misdemeanors. When transformed to the crimes per capita, a more accurate measure of criminal activity, the effect remains statistically significant only for property and a total number of crimes, but the effect is again close enough to zero. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Ukrainian refugee wave did not lead to a substantial increase in crime. JEL Classification C21, C26, K14, O15 Keywords migration, crime, refugees, regional distribution Title Analysis of Migration and Crime: Evidence from the Czech Republic Author's e-mail 20020339@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail mich.soltes@gmail.com
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The Geography of the populist vote in Slovakia
Dusková, Natália ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Gregor, Martin (referee)
The success of populist political parties depends on a complex system of fac- tors that influence the voters. Researchers connect the phenomenon to several socio-demographic characteristics such as age, income, or education. It is in- sufficient to only study individuals and predict their decisions based on the metrics we know about them and the place they live in. It is also beneficial to examine the regions' influence on each other. This is why we turn not only to OLS, but also to multiple spatial models with various demographic and eco- nomic variables at the county and municipality levels to explain support for populist parties in Slovakia. Data from the two most recent parliamentary elections, in years 2016 and 2020, are analyzed and we zoom on local election results of two Slovak populist parties: SMER and ĽSNS. Analysis results point towards existence of significant spillover effects among Slovak regions - directly in support for both parties, as well as coming from observed and unobserved vote share determinants. Keywords populism, populist political parties, spatial anal- ysis, spatial models, vote share, Slovakia Title The geography of the populist vote in Slovakia Author's e-mail nataliaduskova@hotmail.com Supervisor's e-mail barbara.pertold-gebicka@fsv.cuni.cz
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Estimating the Effect of Teaching Assistant Support on Educational Outcomes
Komárek, Jakub ; Korbel, Václav (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Economic Studies MASTER'S THESIS Estimating the Effect of Teaching Assistant Support on Pupils' Educational Outcomes Author: Jakub Komárek BSc. Study program: Economics and Finance Supervisor: PhDr. Václav Korbel Ph.D. Academic Year: 2022/2023 ii Declaration of Authorship The author hereby declares that he compiled this thesis independently; using only the listed resources and literature, and the thesis has not been used to obtain a different or the same degree. The author grants to Charles University permission to reproduce and to distribute copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Prague, 1st March 2023 Jakub Komárek BSc. ii iii Acknowledgments The author is grateful especially to prof. PhDr. Tomáš Havránek Ph.D., PhDr. Jiří Schwarz Ph.D., and especially to a supervisor PhDr. Václav Korbel Ph.D. for their advice, support, and, most of all, patience. This endeavour would not be possible unless the Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports of the Czech Republic kindly provided necessary data in the form of school reports. iii iv Abstract The thesis provides an analytical-quantitative approach towards estimation of the effect of teaching assistant support on educational outcomes. We used nation-wide data of the Czech school system and three...
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Role of children in intrahousehold income inequality in the Czech Republic
Horváth, Ondrej ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
Role of children in intrahousehold income inequality in the Czech Republic Abstract Intrahousehold income inequality is caused by a number of factors, one of which is the presence of children. Relying on SILC data for the Czech Republic, this thesis investigates how the share of household labor income that is earned by a woman is connected to the number and age of children. Besides that, the goal of the thesis is to assess the possible role of COVID-19, which is done by comparing the years 2019 and 2021. The results of the multivariate regression analysis reveal that the presence of children in a household is associated with a significant decrease in the woman's share of household income. This association is particularly strong in the case of children younger than 4 years, which is probably related to the specific institutional setting in the Czech Republic. The results also do not indicate notable differences between the years 2019 and 2021.
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Second-hand Board Game Price Analysis
Novotný, Lukáš ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
This thesis investigates the determinants of price and value retention of pre- owned board games in the United States market. It is most likely the first thesis applying the hedonic pricing method to the board game industry. Two depen- dent variables, price and the portion of the original manufacturer's suggested retail price that remains, were modelled using various game characteristics. The analysis is performed on data obtained primarily from BoardGameGeek. Applying multiple linear regression and Ordinary Least Squares method on the cross-sectional sample of over 2000 observations, several factors were estimated to be significant. Condition, rating, age, complexity, duration and weight of the box turned out to be the most crucial board game value drivers. Moreover, in the case of regression on residual price share, the most significant predictors appeared to be condition, age and rating. Keywords second-hand market, board game, hedonic pric- ing model, OLS regression Title Second-hand Board Game Price Analysis
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Immigration and Labour Productivity
Mikušek, Vít ; Baxa, Jaromír (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
The thesis is concerned with the phenomenon of immigration and its impact on the productivity of labour in the European Union. Using panel VAR models with generalized impulse responses and local projections as robustness checks on a data set covering the period between 2000- 2021, we find that immigration has a significant negative impact on labour productivity in the EU as a whole, while the eect on a selection of 8 core countries turns slightly positive in the short term. This suggests that the eect is heterogeneous and country- or region-dependent, while the migrant structure also seems to play a significant role as we identify dierences between the eects of EU and non-EU nationals. JEL Classification E24, F22, F66, J15, J24 Keywords immigration, productivity, labour, growth Title Immigration and Labour Productivity Author Vít Mikušek
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Gender gap in math score: does teacher gender matter?
Scharf, Šimon ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Gregor, Martin (referee)
Even though quality and equal opportunities are regarded as generally desir- able in education, major differences in the study outcomes of girls and boys still exist. In this thesis, we try to assess the effect of a teacher's gender on the educational outcomes of pupils. Specifically, we use TIMSS data from 36 coun- tries to evaluate this effect on 4th grade students. To our knowledge, we are the first to utilize the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) approach to overcome the selection bias in this context. The results of the pooled analysis suggest that there is no significant effect of teachers' gender on girls but we observe a negative effect for boys. When considering each country separately, only in 4 countries do we find a significant effect of teacher's gender on students' test scores for boys. Of the 4 countries, only boys in Montenegro prosper with a same-sex teacher, while in 3 countries boys' achievement is hampered by a same-sex teacher. For girls, we find a robust positive effect in 4 countries and a negative effect in 3 countries. For both boys and girls, we find no significant robust effect of having a same-sex teacher in the majority of countries. Our findings contribute to the literature on the effects of teachers' gender, as well as, to the broader discussion of differences in the...
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