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The Role of Tyrosine Kinase Activity of Mitochondrial ERBB2/HER2 in Breast Cancer
Novotná, Eliška ; Rohlena, Jakub (advisor) ; Vrbacký, Marek (referee)
Breast cancer is a common malignant disease affecting millions of women worldwide. Amplification of HER2 oncogene, a tyrosine kinase receptor, in breast cancer allows application of targeted therapy, but approximately one third of patients develop resistance to treatment. Relocalization of HER2 from the plasma membrane into the mitochondria was found and suggested as one of the potential causes of such resistance. Here we document that the function of mitochondrial HER2 is distinct from that of HER2 in the plasma membrane. Mitochondrial HER2 enhances cancer cell energetic metabolism, proliferation and migration in vitro, and tumour formation in vivo in mice correlating with elevated level of ROS signalling. The kinase activity of mitochondrial HER2 is unaffected, therefore I investigated its role in mitochondrial HER2 function. Moderate, endogenous levels of the kinase activity of mitochondrial HER2 drive pro-tumorigenic properties of breast cancer cells, while constitutive kinase activity sensitizes these cells to cell death and attenuates tumour formation in animal models. On the other hand, impairment of kinase activity due to mutation in the ATP binding site of mitochondrial HER2 supports adherence-independent growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. We propose that HER2 function in...
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Effect of foam rolling on mechano-nociceptive and vibrational sensation.
Novotná, Eliška ; Čech, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
The thesis deals with the evaluation of the influence of foam rolling on selected parameters of somatosensory perception (pressure-algic threshold, vibrotactile sensation). The theoretical part discusses fascial tissue, summarizes the current knowledge of foam rolling and focuses on the mechanisms of pain and vibrotactile sensation. The research part consists of a randomized blind study on a group of 15 healthy probands (11 women, 4 men), which evaluates the effect of foam rolling. The effect is objectivized by pressure algometry and vibrametry on the m. rectus femoris and m. biceps femoris of both lower limbs (measured before and after therapy). The value of the pressure pain threshold (PPT) increased after foam rolling. Vibrotactile threshold (VT) was lower after foam rolling than before its use, which means that vibrotactile sensitivity was increased. The results show that these changes do not occur only in the interventioned m. rectus femoris, but some changes in parameters can be found in other muscles as well. Keywords fascial tissues, foam rolling, pressure algometry, pressure pain treshold, PPT, vibrametry, somatosensory system, nociception, diffuse noxious inhibitory control, DNIC
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Binaural hearing aid correction with one power supply
Novotná, Eliška ; Kolářová, Jana (referee) ; Vlk, Daniel (advisor)
This thesis will be devoted to binaural hearing correction with single source power. This correction is aimed at elderly patients who are most likely to have presbycusis. The theoretical part is focused on individual types of hearing loss, possibilities of their audiology tests, also about theory of hearing aids. The practical part contains a model of hearing aid and a possible way of testing. The work compares binaural corrections with proposed model.
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Binaural hearing aid correction with one power supply
Novotná, Eliška ; Kolářová, Jana (referee) ; Vlk, Daniel (advisor)
This thesis will be devoted to binaural hearing correction with single source power. This correction is aimed at elderly patients who are most likely to have presbycusis. The theoretical part is focused on individual types of hearing loss, possibilities of their audiology tests, also about theory of hearing aids. The practical part contains a model of hearing aid and a possible way of testing. The work compares binaural corrections with proposed model.
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The Role of Tyrosine Kinase Activity of Mitochondrial ERBB2/HER2 in Breast Cancer
Novotná, Eliška ; Rohlena, Jakub (advisor) ; Vrbacký, Marek (referee)
Breast cancer is a common malignant disease affecting millions of women worldwide. Amplification of HER2 oncogene, a tyrosine kinase receptor, in breast cancer allows application of targeted therapy, but approximately one third of patients develop resistance to treatment. Relocalization of HER2 from the plasma membrane into the mitochondria was found and suggested as one of the potential causes of such resistance. Here we document that the function of mitochondrial HER2 is distinct from that of HER2 in the plasma membrane. Mitochondrial HER2 enhances cancer cell energetic metabolism, proliferation and migration in vitro, and tumour formation in vivo in mice correlating with elevated level of ROS signalling. The kinase activity of mitochondrial HER2 is unaffected, therefore I investigated its role in mitochondrial HER2 function. Moderate, endogenous levels of the kinase activity of mitochondrial HER2 drive pro-tumorigenic properties of breast cancer cells, while constitutive kinase activity sensitizes these cells to cell death and attenuates tumour formation in animal models. On the other hand, impairment of kinase activity due to mutation in the ATP binding site of mitochondrial HER2 supports adherence-independent growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. We propose that HER2 function in...
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Testing of dyspraxia in young cross-country skiers and in children and adolescents developing versatility
Novotná, Eliška ; Kraus, Josef (advisor) ; Zounková, Irena (referee)
In the theoretical part, the diploma thesis summarizes the findings of developmental dyspraxia or rather developmental coordination disorder and deals with the issue of physical activities in this disorder. One section of the theoretical part are the characteristics of the activities, that probands from the practical part of this thesis regularly do, and their possible use in intervention. The practical part deals with an evaluation of motor skills in young cross-country skiers and in children from movement versatility section of Sokol union. We used the Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2 for evaluation. The next aim is to determine whether the level of motor skills correlates with the level of attention, that we tested using Test od attention d2. The last aim is to determine whether the level of motor skills is different for boys and girls engaged in the same sport. No difference in level of motor skills between cross-country skiers and children from Sokol union was found. However, statistically significant difference between performance in the single components of the test MABC-2 was revealed, this difference was found in the component of balance. The correlation between the level of motor skills and attention was not proved. Neither the difference between the level of motor skills of...
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The role of mitochondrial dynamics in cell death
Novotná, Eliška ; Rohlena, Jakub (advisor) ; Alán, Lukáš (referee)
Mitochondria form a dynamic reticulum, which fragments in apoptosis. It is assumed that proteins of mitochondrial dynamics participate in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and remodel mitochondrial membranes to release cytochrome c to the cytosol. The most important role in this process is played by Opa1, a protein involved in mitochondrial fusion, and by Drp1, which induces mitochondrial fission. During apoptosis, Opa1 remodels cristae in the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is crucial for effective release of cytochrome c to the cytosol. The role of Drp1 is less clear and is a subject of intense debate. Upon initiation of apoptosis Drp1 is recruited to mitochondria where it facilitates apoptotic pore formation and triggers fission. However, it appears that recruitment of Drp1 is not absolutely required for successful execution of apoptosis. In addition, mitochondrial dynamics is influenced by Bcl-2 family proteins. Recruitment of proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins to mitochondrial outer membrane leads to inhibition of mitochondrial fusion, which enhances fragmented morphology of mitochondria. Although mitochondrial fragmentation in apoptosis is known for decades, its precise purpose remains to be elucidated.
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The media image of the Czech public administration
Syblíková, Martina ; Musil, Martin (advisor) ; Novotná, Eliška (referee)
In this thesis, I will deal with the research of the Czech media and their views on public administration. The main aim of this thesis is to find out, how the Czech media present public administration before the citizens of the Czech Republic. For this research, I will choose printed media and also broadcast media. The main research question is whether the Czech media present the Czech public administration rather negatively, positively or take a neutral attitude. For this examination, I will use the content analysis.
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Solidarity in Czech society (case study of organization)
Adamcová, Lucie ; Novotná, Eliška (advisor) ; Musil, Martin (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with solidarity and its importance for society. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the degree of solidarity in the Czech society in a particular area. The aim is also to give the organization involved in this area recommendations for streamlining its activities. This work consists of a theoretical and practical part. The first chapters are mainly focused on solidarity in general. They explain the importance and division of solidarity by acclaimed authors. The central part of the thesis deals with solidarity in various areas of contemporary society. Greater attention is devoted to the negative effects of solidarity and involuntary solidarity developed by state interventions. The practical part is focused on the analysis of a particular organization. In conclusion, there are some recommendations for organizations proposed based on the analysis.
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Occupancy space of the corporate brand - a sociological study
Loukota, Petr ; Novotná, Eliška (advisor) ; Musil, Martin (referee)
This work focuses on how various brands are using billboards along the motorways, the place they take up and the impact which billboards have on drivers. In my work, the marketing view is connected with the sociological one. I am specifically focusing on one defined part of the motorway D5 in the direction from Rokycany to Prague. There is one unique part of my work in which I describe the reaction of drivers to billboards along the roads. I used one-to-one interviews with selected drivers who have just passed the way from Rokycany to Prague. I asked them few questions about their perception of billboards and the brands on them. The work also offers a view on the way how brands take up place in our environment.
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