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Conversion and Continuity of communist political identity with emphasis on transformation after the year 1989
Krůsová, Martina ; Maslowski, Nicolas (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
This thesis deals with conversion and continuity of communist political identity in Bohemia. It emphasizes the transformations that took place after the year 1989. However to explore political identity of KSČM is not possible without deeper knowledge of historical context. For that reason part of the thesis focuses on KSČ as well. The thesis seeks to answer one question: how did the political identity of KSČM transformed while functioning in democratic society in last twenty-five years by studying its idealogically programmatic orientation, organisational structure, political strategies, election ratings and successfullness, relation to their past before Velvet Revolution or their effort to conciliate with their past. As an identity of a political party is not shaped only on national level the thesis also focuses on civic level and reflects views of member base. Qualitative methods, in particular studies of documents and inteviews, were used to anwer the research question. Key words: Ideology, socialism, communism, political identity, memory, Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia, electoral geography, civic politics
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Terroristic organizations on middle-east focused on Hamas, Hisballah, Muslimské bratrstvo and their comparison
Michut, David ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
ABSRACT Mid-East Terrorist Organisations: Hezbollah, Hamas, Muslim Brotherhood, and their comparison. This thesis deals with terrorist organisations Hezbollah, Hamas, and Muslim Brotherhood active in the Mid-East region, individually and in comparison. Terrorist organisations in general and their effect on the world population and peace are a very important factor distinctly affecting ballance in the world. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on describing each of the terrorist organisations, the grounds for their formation, their current standing and their expected future development. This part also deals with Islam, a religion common to all said organisations. It explores the split of Islam to its current branchces and their influence on the formation of the terrorist organisations. The goal of the second part of the thesis is comparison of these terrorist organisations. For example from the point of methods and instruments used for influencing or manipulating the population, mainly through media and psychological propaganda. Also compared are the reasons for their formation, their global influence, funding, and recruiting new members and supporters among so far uncommited population. The final part focuses on the influence of the terrorist organisations on people worldwide, on security policies,...
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Intergenerational Reproduction of Lifestyle
Bendová, Tereza ; Šafr, Jiří (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
This thesis deals with differentiation of lifestyle and especially it focuses on intergenerational reproduction in the process of its creation. This process is pursued within the context of the social change which occurred in Czech society between 70's and 90's. Lifestyle is conceptualised as a differences in spending free time (as high culture, outdoor social-active, household/passive and watching TV). A significant variety of diverse factors, which can be described as psychological and economical, participates in this differentiation. The secondary data analysis of representative sample of people in their thirties in between years 1993 and 2008 is focused on effects of family socialisation. The results leads to the fact that the effect of same sphere of parents leisure time activities in a period of socialisation, is almost two times bigger that the effect of individual position of the adult offspring (expressed by his socioeconomic status, education and the fact that he himself raises a child) in the high culture sphere, almost 1,5 times bigger in the sphere of social activities and more that 7 times bigger in household/passive free time activities sphere. But all the mentioned factors combined explain only about one third of leisure time spend. From which we can deduce that two thirds of...
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Social environment and specifics of Turkish civil society
Šreinová, Lenka ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
The thesis 'Social environment and specifics of Turkish civil society' focuses on the possibilities of the environment in which is civil society in Turkey embedded. The thesis summarizes the main theoretical factors, present social phenomena and historical conditions, since these influence the foundations from which civil society arises and in which civil activities are conducted. Different approaches contemplating usage of the civil society concept in countries without stable democracy are thus compared. The thesis further considers social and political factors influencing possibilities of civil activity since the time Turkey was established. Additionally, the actual legal situation and civil society classification is described. The acting and motivation of civil society organizations is further considered with the help of their internet presentations. The appearing and repeating data in the organizations' own explanations are sorted out using content and discourse analysis. This way, their own definitions, descriptions of activity and the way of informing about their activities is assessed. The way of self-presenting and the previously defined theoretical motivation for acting is compared.
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(Re)construction of the Kosovo Crisis. The Kosovo Crisis from the view of the selected historical-sociological theories
Dobešová, Jana ; Vávra, Martin (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
1. ABSTRACT The goal of my work is to reconstruct the Kosovo crisis, that led to NATO intervention on Yugoslavia during spring of 1999. The event is analyzed from two dimensions; the first observes and compares existing interpretations of the crisis- causes, process, solutions and consequences, including possible predictions. The other dimension interprets crisis from the view of international relationships. Studying historical sociology made me watch the world, actions, actors, complexly. I realized, that phenomenons don't exist just to be her for themselves, but they are the different parts of a system, that is connected by different ties, and sustained by rules. Kosovo crisis is a differently interpreted event. The different presentations derive from the discourses under which they formed. Kosovo crisis has its historiographical facts- place, time and actor, on to which social constructs lean and which form. Kosovo crisis is a social construct, historical milestone, symbol, stage, game, field and a process. In my work I aim to prove these claims by analyzing the interpretations and applying the international relationship theories.
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Eufunction and dysfunction in theories of collective action
Kinská, Michaela ; Maslowski, Nicolas (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
In this work, we deal with theories of collective action. To categorize the researchers used information from the functionalist approach. The aim is to provide an overview of sociologists concerned with theories of collective action, i. e. various forms of collective action. Mainly for this work is the concept of function and its distribution eufunction and dysfunction as two poles. Researchers are closer to those poles. The inclusion of researchers in these poles are still dealing with other characteristics that unite and differentiate. In the first chapters of the thesis deals with the functionalist concepts and theories of collective action. The next chapter is already engaged functionalist categorization and other characteristics researchers. The chapter is divided into two parts, which correspond to two functionalist terms, i. e. eufunction and dysfunction. Keywords functionalism, collective action, eufunction, dysfunction, crowds, social movements, revolutions, R. K. Merton, T. Parsons
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Democratisation proces in Libya and its reflections
Horáčková, Zuzana ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
This work examines relevancy of theoretical aproaches on the subject of democratization processes presented by Francis Fukuyama, Samuel Huntington and Fareed Zakaria, and it discusses a level of relevancy of their theoretical concepts and theses in comparison to the democratization process in Libya, which started in spring 2011. First, the theoretical part of this work presents specific historical, sociocultural, political, religious and economic contexts of Libya from a historical-sociology perspective with a focus on the democratization and liberalization processes in Libya. It discusses democratization factors and reasons, which are applied on the situation in Libya. The empirical part of this work presents reflections and perspectives of the democratization process in Libya from an emical perspective of a Libyan citizen. These reflections are confronted with the theoretical approaches presented in the first part, especially with Huntington's Third Wave. The empirical part reflects the processes of the previous non- democratic regime of Muammar Kaddafi, then the fall of the regime and the revolution situation in Libya, a new democratic regime and finally, the perspectives of consolidation of democracy in Libya.
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Evolution of ethnic conflicts in the Union of Myanmar (Burma) and civic techniques of their resolutions
Boďová, Veronika ; Maslowski, Nicolas (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
This thesis studies evolution of ethnic conflict in Burma and civic techniques used for its resolution. It focuses on some principal players of civic society in Burma and examines the influence of these players on the conflict situation and its possible peaceful resolution. It questions the root causes of the ethnic conflict closely focusing on the not only historical evolution of it, but also on the history of entire Burma in general. It argues that ethnic conflict, as it is shown to the global society, was a result of British colonial rule and its economic and social divison of ethnic minorities in the country. Part of the thesis is also a theoretical definition of conflict and civic society, which should help better understanding of the subject. In the last chapter, attention is being given the key actors of civic society and their past and present endeavours not only in democratization process and ethnic conflict resolution, but on their effort in development of by conflict affected societies in general. At the end it proposes suggestions for their possible future tendencies. Key words History of Burma, Ethnic conflict, Civic society, Democratization
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What holds society together? The concept of societal community and constitutive symbolism in Talcott Parsons, Richard Münch and Jeffrey Alexander
Německý, Marek ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Skalník, Petr (referee) ; Musil, Jiří (referee)
1. In my thesis I try to answer the question: "What holds society together?" by using theoretical conceptual tools of Parsonian functionalist sociology. I work especially with Parson's concept of societal community as it is defined in his book Socities. Evolutionary and Comparative Perspective. I work with the definition of societal community used in this book. Societal community is formed on one hand by a normative system of order, on the other hand by statuses, rights and obligations derived from membership thereof. [Parsons 1966: 31] I work with this skizza concept and try to reconstruct Parsons's concept by using conception of other authors, especially neo-functionalists (Jeffrey Alexander, Richard Munch, Samuel Eisenstadt), and by other authors as well (David Lockwood, Stein Rokkan, Lewis Coser, John Rawls). In spite of the fact that I use the interpreations of these authors, I consider my thesis an original piece of work, because especially last named authors do not explicitly use the concept of societal community. I reconstructed the concept of societal community with the complexity which cannot be found in the works of other authors [Gerhardt 2001]. 2. In the first step I try to reconstruct the concept based on the work of Talcott Parsons. I came to the conclusion that Parsons sees the...
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