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Verification of physics knowledge of pupils led by a teacher with a visual disability
Šesták, Vojtěch ; Dvořáková, Irena (advisor) ; Mandíková, Dana (referee)
This paper classifies into categories, labels, and explains physics exercises based on distinct challenges visually impaired teachers may encounter. The challenges unique to each exercise category are also detailed. In addition, the paper provides examples of exercises that are suitable for the teacher's circumstances and are verifying students' knowledge of physics. The author also outlines their personal system for grading student work, along with a description of their own visual impairment. A student's work that has been marked by the teacher is included as well.
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Physics textbooks in the Czech Republic and Finland
Fejt, Jan ; Kekule, Martina (advisor) ; Mandíková, Dana (referee)
The thesis compares Czech and Finnish physics textbooks on the introductory kinematic topics of position, velocity and distance. The paper compares the apparatus of tasks with which the textbooks are equipped. It mentions the influence of non-terminological meanings of lexemes on their use as terms. The thesis also summarises the development and the present of the Finnish education system and compares the scope of physics teaching in the Czech and the Finnish general education upper secondary school.
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Intuitive ideas of students about force and motion
Čížková, Dita ; Mandíková, Dana (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
Within this bachelor theses was performed a survey of ideas about relation of force and motion with students of the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University and secondary schools' students. Results of survey based on test with six qualitative problems are shown in tables and are commented. Closely is described a way to processing the results. In addition, the survey results are compared with similar studies performed in previous years in Czechoslovakia and Germany. The survey results show existence of wrong intuitive ideas, which persist despite school education.
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Science problems of PISA type at czech schools
Havlíček, Karel ; Mandíková, Dana (advisor) ; Houfková, Jitka (referee)
This diploma thesis examines the ability of people to solve scientific tasks in PISA research, how well is PISA known and what strategies are used when solving these tests. Subjects of this research were students of ninth grade of elementary school, university students of pedagogy (future science teachers) and small group of in-service science teachers. Basic characteristic of the PISA research, its methods and how will they change in year 2015 are given in the beginning of this work. The following chapters contain information about my own research, namely what tasks and questions were selected for the test and description of the sample of respondents. Majority of the work focuses on detailed analysis of their results. Aim of this analysis was to compare pupils with their current or future teachers and explore how their results are linked to their motivation or familiarity with PISA research. This work also contains three examples of tasks illustrating new framework for PISA 2015, two of which I translated to Czech.
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Students' misconceptions in kinematics graphing
Truliková, Blanka ; Kekule, Martina (advisor) ; Mandíková, Dana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with students' misconceptions in kinematics graphing. The theoretical part describes the basic characteristics of didactic and conceptual tests. The processes of test developement and standardization are summarised on a specific example of TUG-K test (Test of Understanding Graphs in Kinematics). The new research included a translation of this TUG-K English test and its assignment to the students of Prague high schools and Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University in Prague; 171 students 16 - 19 years old participated as well as 41 undergraduates. A study of certain test characteristics (item analysis) was performed. Principal statistical methods were used to interpret the obtained data. Results of this new research were compared with the results of J. R. Beichner, who authored the original version of the test used for research. The test has been found to be less sensitive for university undergraduates than for high school students. Comparison of Czech and foreign students has revealed that Czech students achieved higher scores than the foreign ones. Typical misconceptions regarding student's work with graphs were confirmed. Eventually, a critical evaluation of the test was performed and certain alterations for the universityundergraduates test case were proposed.
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Simple experiments under the microscope
Malý, Jakub ; Drozd, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Mandíková, Dana (referee)
The aim of this work is to focus on a few high school physics experiments, which are explain in several wals or incorrectly or contain a part that is somehow overlooked. Appropriate adjustment of the experiments I wanted to refute the false explanation, deside which is correct or complete lack of explanation. At the end, I chose four experiments. All of them can be found in any high school textbook or collection of tasks and their explanation are either incomplete or not clear. They are: Conducting electrical current in the glass, where I investigated why heated glass conduct current. Archimedes's law in gases, where I tried to find out, why the bubbles floating in CO2, are after while falling to the bottom. Electrostatic motor, where I tried to find out, what causes the rotation of the motor, which is represented by PET bottle. And a free fall of a tennis ball, where I was finding out, how much is a time of fall influenced by air resistance and what is the minimal height, from which have to be balls thrown, for detecting different moment of impact by the human eye.
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Crosscurricular aspects in Physics seminars
Čípová, Magdaléna ; Lustigová, Zdena (advisor) ; Mandíková, Dana (referee)
The thesis opens up the current topics and recent results of both experimental and theoretical physics in a connection to other disciplines belonging to so called natural science (biology, chemistry) and also information and communication technologies. It uses an attractive and understandable form of learning objects - students' projects, worksheets, or lists for teachers. The thesis involves the theoretical part with explanation of two education methods - inquiry-based learning (IBL) and problem-based learning (PBL) and also practical part with 5 topics - 3D vision, LCD monitors, luminiscence, microwave and pi-water. All of them are composed of information for teachers and of the worksheets for students. It is addressed to high school students.
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Physical items in TIMSS research - analysis of czech pupil`s results
Vogalová, Naděžda ; Mandíková, Dana (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
Research of TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) will be presented in this thesis.There is the total summarized result of czech students in biological items in the period (TIMSS 1995, 1999 and 2007).Deeper analysis of czech pupil`s results in physical items of TIMSS 2007 research will be done in this thesis. Results will be discussed with respect to content and processes categories and type of item. There are introduced averages with also maximum and minimum successful results of czech students and also with the greatest difference amoung the girls and boys and also the greatest difference of the results in comparison to international average. Enclosure is a part of my thesis showing basic characteristics of choosen physical items, total results of czech students, international average and theirs commentary.The assignment, detailed results and instructions for assessment are mentioned for released physical items.
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Studet`s preconceptions about force and motion
Čížková, Dita ; Mandíková, Dana (advisor) ; Kekule, Martina (referee)
The graduation thesis deals with student`s preconceptions about force and motion. The thesis is divided to three sections. The first division picks up the threads of the bachelor thesis. Within this bachelor thesis there was performed a survey of ideas about relation of force and motion with students of the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University and secondary schools' students. Results of survey based on a test with six qualitative problems are shown in tables and are commented. The way of processing of the results is closely described. In addition, the survey results are compared with similar studies performed in previous years in Czechoslovakia, mainly they were compared with results of similar research from the years 1981/82 and 1983/84. The survey results show existence of misconceptions, which persist despite school education. The survey of researches in this area is mentioned in the second division. In the third part of the thesis, I focus on the processing of research which was executed in terms of FCI test with the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University first year students. The results are shown in tables and are commented again. The results of this research are compared with available results of similar researches from other countries. The individual...
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Students preconceptions about heat and temperature
Čečák, Michal ; Mandíková, Dana (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with the preconceptions and misconceptions of students in the field of heat and temperature. Here is an overview of textbooks for elementary and secondary schools with topics concerning heat and temperature. This thesis contains a brief characteristic of notions preconceptions and misconceptions, characteristic of Active Learning methods and characteristic of Interactive Lecture Demonstrations. This thesis also contains research of Students preconceptions and misconceptions about heat and temperature (mainly students of grammar schools). For this research was used HTCE test. Results of the research are processed for all students and for students of each class. There are three worksheets (translated from English), which should help with removing misconceptions.
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