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Tobacco Dependence Treatment and Depressive Disorder. Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Depression History
Štěpánková, Lenka ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Šteflová, Alena (referee) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
Success rate of tobacco dependence treatment among patients with and without a history of depression Introduction: Higher prevalence of smoking among depressive patients, as well as higher risk of depression in smokers, are well documented. Views on treatment of tobacco dependence in this subgroup of smokers are controversial. Aim: A/ To compare the abstinence rate among smokers with or without a history of depression receiving treatment for nicotine dependence at one year follow up. B/ Factors associated with treatment success were evaluated and analysed. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1 730 smokers treated at our Centre for Tobacco-Dependent (CTD) between 2005 and 2010 was conducted. Patients were treated with a combination of psychobehavioural interventions and pharmacotherapy (nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline, bupropion or combinations). At one year follow-up smoking abstinence was biochemically validated by measuring expired CO. Results: 16.7 % (289/1730) of smokers currently, or had formerly, received treatment for depression. Based on the average Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND), most patients with a history of depression were heavily nicotine dependent with a score of 6.1, compared to 5.6 (p=0.010) among those without a history of depression. The CO validated success rate...
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Cardiovascular disease and smoking. Treatment of tobacco dependence and cardiovascular risk
Zvolská, Kamila ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Šteflová, Alena (referee) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
(EN) Introduction: Tobacco dependence is one of the four major risk factors (RF), cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD). Objective: Analysis of CV risk of patients of our Center for Tobacco-Dependent. Methods: A retrospective assessment of the presence of CVD, RF for CVD and CV risk level according to the method SCORE in our patients - smokers from 2007 - 2009 (N = 1,349, 52.2% males, age range 25-64 years, mean age 44 ± 11, 7). CV risk was also evaluated one year after the baseline visit including newly diagnosed CVD RF, abstinence from smoking was validated by carbon monoxide in expired air. The results were compared to those of smokers in the study postMONICA (N = 1,122, 54.5% men, mean age 46 ± 11). Compared to the general population of smokers (postMONICA) significantly more Center patients had automatically high CV risk and CVD. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was comparable as well as prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia in smokers without automatically high CV risk. Significantly fewer Center patients without automatically high CV risk were obese, family history was also significantly lower risk. Significantly more women with low RF and significantly fewer men aged 55-59 and women aged 55-64 with SCORE ≥ 5% came to the Center. Success rate of Center patients with SCORE < 5 % was 44.3 %...
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Tobacco dependence in selected patients of the Psychiatric Hospital Prague, Bohnice and smoking cessation intervention
Přibyl, Petr ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Popov, Petr (referee)
Tobacco dependence in selected patients of the Psychiatric Hospital Prague, Bohnice and smoking cessation intervention Background The goal of this thesis was to explore tobacco consumption in mentally-ill patients hospitalized in Psychiatric Hospital Prague (one of the largest facilities providing psychiatric care in the Czech Republic) and to provide detailed overview of smoking habits in a group of mentally-ill smokers. Another goal was to survey the availability of tobacco dependence treatment for hospitalized patients. The thesis was written as a reaction to current reasearch work on this topic in the Czech Republic, which can be characterized by a lack of relevant data about smoking in psychiatric patients. Methods Our research combined tools of cross-sectional and correlation study. We recruited 215 patients aged between 18 and 65 years. We completed a questionnaire based on data we obtained during semi-structured inteviews with patients and by measuring exhaled carbon monooxide concentration and we processed them using methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics. Results We were successful in proving high prevalence of smoking (p=73,7 %) and also often strong nicotine addiction (p=47,4 %) in our studied group - which can be regarded as alarming. Obtained data about other aspects of...
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Treatment of tobacco dependence - Hospital Pribram physicians'information about treatment and intervention possibilities
Přibylová, Eva ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Štěpánková, Lenka (referee)
This work deals with possibilities of tobacco addiction treatment and ways of intervention which was subject of research in local hospital in Příbram. The main objective of this work is to map attitude of doctors in hospital of Příbram to tobacco addiction and also if they know all the possibilities of tobacco addiction treatment and which ways of intervention they are using for their patients. These issues were examined by quantitative research, questionnaire study form Theoretical part of this work deals mainly with tobacco addiction, diagnosis, neurobiology and treatment of tobacco addiction. It's a summary of this issues and information are coming from professional literature of this kind. In practical part is evaluated questionnaire with the help of bar graph and pie chart graph. Keywords: TOBACCO SMOKE, NICOTINE, TOBACCO ADDICTION, INTERVENTION, TOBACCO ADDICTION TREATMENT POSSIBILITIES
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Nurses smoking as one of important risk factors of this profession
Drozdová, Radomila ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hrubá, Drahoslava (referee) ; Králíková, Eva (referee)
Smoking is a serious problem for all of society. Smoking by healthcare workers, in particular, is an even more serious problem as it affects those who are responsible for helping others quit smoking and for educating the general population regarding the consequences of smoking. It is generally accepted that if a person cannot cope with their own problems, they will have difficulties helping others cope with similar problems. This is equally true for nicotine addiction. Why do so many nurses smoke? It is not logical for nurses, smoke more than other professional groups (39% of 337 respondents) and women (about 25%). At the time of the study (2005) 75% of nurses' who smoked, smoked while at work; managers tolerated this behavior and sometimes even smoked with the nurses. This is alarming since it presents a problem of professional ethics. Occasional smokers state that, while at work, they most often have a cigarette with a cup of coffee. Most smokers report that they smoke mainly in the company of others (62.5%). Half of smokers associate smoking with drinking coffee, they also claim that smoking relaxes them (44.5%) and helps them deal with stressful situations at work. Most nurses who smoke show signs of social nicotine addiction. It has been shown that current smokers started experimenting with cigarettes...
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Risk factors for lung cancer
Pauk, Norbert ; Zatloukal, Petr (advisor) ; Králíková, Eva (referee) ; Malý, Marek (referee) ; Molnár, Vladimír (referee)
The objective of the fi rst part of the thesis was to estimate risk and protective factors on lung cancer risk in females, especially to study the differences in the impact of diet and physical exercise on lung cancer risk in female nonsmokers vs. smokers, and reveal interactions, if any. In a hospital based case-control study, data collected by in-person interviews from 569 female lung cancer cases and 2120 controls were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression stratifying by appropriate factors. To investigate the role of tobacco and some other known or suspected factors responsible for the risk of developing adenocarcinoma of the lung, and to compare with other cell types (squamous-, small- and large-cell cancers) in Czech women, we conducted a case-control study, this is described as a second part of the thesis. Data collected by personal interviews from 145 cases of adenocarcinoma of the lung, 221 lung cancer cases of other cell types, and 1624 controls were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression.
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Problematics of the Nicotine Dependence
Kroniková, Lenka ; Mellanová, Alena (advisor) ; Králíková, Eva (referee)
This work takes as an aim to analyse the contemporary situation of nicotinism in Karlovy Vary region. The smoking presents a serious social problem at the present times for leading to many premature deaths, and to the sequence of serious disorders. The introducing part of the work deals with the theoretical knowledge of the nicotine dependence, and its efficiency for human organism, its medication as well as the prevention. The research part finds the bearings of the nicotinism prevalence in the population Karlovy Vary region of the at the age of 15 up to more years. This study compares the nicotinism situation of Karlovy Vary region with the one in Czech Republic.
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