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Mass media portrayal of Czech courts
Forejtová, Natálie ; Homolová, Pavla (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Markéta (referee)
This thesis focuses on the mass media portrayal of Czech courts in the context of the possible influence on the court's legitimacy and confidence. The research of portrayal is based on the analysis of Fagan's dimensions of legitimacy (effectiveness, distributive justice and procedural justice), court rulings and the overall view. The representation of sources of legitimacy rather corresponds to materialistic society - the most represented dimension in 2014 was the effectiveness, on the other hand, distributive justice was represented the least. Normative factors, namely procedural fairness, however, were not covered much. The portrayal in 2014 was, in terms of judicial rulings and the overall view, rather neutral but the sources of legitimacy were mostly negative. Differences were mainly found among mass media portrayal of the lower courts and higher courts and the differences correspond to different confidence in these institutions. I also studied the development since 1997, but besides the increasing interest of mass media in the courts, I have not found any other significant differences which could cause the rise of confidence in the courts. Mass media can also cause the difference in confidence in the courts of the left-wing and right-wing oriented people, because the journal Pravo has a slight...
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Mediation of juvenile delinquents
Herman, Iryna ; Podaná, Zuzana (advisor) ; Homolová, Pavla (referee)
(in English): This thesis deals with a restorative justice, or the most widespread method, which represents the mediation. This method is then described in the standard form used in the Czech Republic as well as in the redesigned version adapted for violent crime in the US, which is contained in the first theoretical part. In the practical part, these two forms of mediation are compared with each other. Different moments are then reflected on three case studies, where appeared a mediation of violent juvenile crime. The results of comparison shows that the modified parameters of meidation used in case of violent crimes were not in these case studies demonstrated. This may be due to the fact that all the actionswere of less violent severity, so the differen elements of mediation didnť have to be necesery exploited.
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Confidence in criminal justice and compliance in the Czech Republic
Homolová, Pavla ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Podaná, Zuzana (referee)
The thesis is aimed at normative and instrumental aspects of compliance with the law and cooperation with the criminal justice system in the Czech society, namely trust in the police and criminal courts and their perceived legitimacy, personal morality and perceived risk of sanctions. Its purpose was to empirically verify the revised Tyler's procedural justice model of compliance as suggested by Jackson et al. (2011) within the Czech context. A review of literature on the topic implied potential constraints to validity of the model in the Czech society, mainly in respect to low levels of trust and legitimacy of the police and courts. Nevertheless, the empirical analysis based on structural equation modelling with use of two representative datasets (ESS Round 5 2010, Bezpečnostní rizika 1999) indicates trust in police procedural fairness to be - in contrast to fear of sanctions - a strong factor in predicting compliance. The obligation to obey the law shaped mainly by trust in procedural fairness and personal morality appear to be comparatively the most important predictors of compliance in the Czech Republic. The model was not significant in case of courts nor for the 1999 dataset, probably due to poor internal consistency of some constructs. Keywords confidence, legitimacy, criminal justice, compliance
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The motive of justice and its social psychological correlates
Homolová, Pavla ; Hnilica, Karel (advisor) ; Blatný, Marek (referee)
The thesis aims at social psychological aspects of the justice motive. Its purpose is to outline the links between justice motivation and social context, primarily to socioeconomic status, social identity and culture. Major differences between implicit and explicit justice motives are presented, the focus is mainly on the belief in a just world as an important indicator of the justice motive. Distributive and procedural norms of justice are described considering their social dependences. The justice motive and evaluation are viewed from the perspectives of theory of social exchange and equity, social identity theory and theory of system justification. In the empirical part the relation between SES and BJW in Czech society is tested in two studies. The analysis results of the quota public opinion survey (Aktér 2015, N = 926) indicate that people of high SES believe explicitly in a just world more than people of low SES. The estimated contradictions to the results of studies carried out in American context are discussed. The findings from the Czech survey may be relevant especially in the context of less socially differentiated societies. The analysis of data stemming from online quasiexperimental study (N = 82) of people aged 18 - 33 does not confirm these results, possible methodological...
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Alternative Sentences in the Czech republic: Specific of Home Arrest
Dytrychová, Kateřina ; Podaná, Zuzana (advisor) ; Homolová, Pavla (referee)
The bachelor thesis aims to map the position of the house arrest in the Czech Republic. With the forthcoming changes in the implementation of the electronic monitoring system, the professional and lay public expect a greater frequency of usage of this type of sanction, relief of the control system and its easier controllability. The focus of the theoretical part of the thesis is selected basic topics explaining the extensive problems of the system of alternative sentences, especially the sentence of home arrest. In the practical part, qualitative methods of semi- structured interviews with experts from the Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic are used. Research has shown that prison sentences are still perceived by experts as marginalized and less used than other types of alternative sanctions. The home arrest sentence after the deployment of an electronic monitoring system does not have the potential as other alternative sanctions because it carries many constraints and cannot be imposed on all convicts who would have been able to carry out the prison sentence without this implementation. One further finding is that the introduction of an electronic monitoring system will in the beginning lead to increased demands for probation and mediation staff, as this is a revolutionary...
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Violence on YouTube in the context of the classic discussion about violence in mass media
Vosmíková, Marie ; Lupač, Petr (advisor) ; Homolová, Pavla (referee)
This Bachelor thesis deals with violence on YouTube in the context of the classic discussion about violence in mass media. The aim of the work is to map out the influence of violent content in traditional and new mass media and then to analyse the occurrence and context of violent content of the most viewed videos on Czech YouTube. The theoretical part deals with the impact of watching violence in the mass media, with a significant part focused on studies about violence in television and the playing violent video games. It also introduces YouTube and its content, youtubers subculture and violence on YouTube. To get answers to the target questions, a quantitative method of content analysis was selected. Altogether 244 most viewed videos by 23 Czech youtubers were analysed. The main finding is that violent content appears in every fifth most viewed video of the most influential Czech youtubers. Most of these videos appear in let's play genre. Violent content of videos appears in the context of humour, rewards, without punishment, unrealistic characters, and as the only solution to the plot. This context has been identified by the theory as a risk mainly for children and adolescents, so further research in this area is needed to test the relationship between violent video content and aggressive or...
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The motive of justice and its social psychological correlates
Homolová, Pavla ; Hnilica, Karel (advisor) ; Blatný, Marek (referee)
The thesis aims at social psychological aspects of the justice motive. Its purpose is to outline the links between justice motivation and social context, primarily to socioeconomic status, social identity and culture. Major differences between implicit and explicit justice motives are presented, the focus is mainly on the belief in a just world as an important indicator of the justice motive. Distributive and procedural norms of justice are described considering their social dependences. The justice motive and evaluation are viewed from the perspectives of theory of social exchange and equity, social identity theory and theory of system justification. In the empirical part the relation between SES and BJW in Czech society is tested in two studies. The analysis results of the quota public opinion survey (Aktér 2015, N = 926) indicate that people of high SES believe explicitly in a just world more than people of low SES. The estimated contradictions to the results of studies carried out in American context are discussed. The findings from the Czech survey may be relevant especially in the context of less socially differentiated societies. The analysis of data stemming from online quasiexperimental study (N = 82) of people aged 18 - 33 does not confirm these results, possible methodological...
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Mediation of juvenile delinquents
Herman, Iryna ; Podaná, Zuzana (advisor) ; Homolová, Pavla (referee)
(in English): This thesis deals with a restorative justice, or the most widespread method, which represents the mediation. This method is then described in the standard form used in the Czech Republic as well as in the redesigned version adapted for violent crime in the US, which is contained in the first theoretical part. In the practical part, these two forms of mediation are compared with each other. Different moments are then reflected on three case studies, where appeared a mediation of violent juvenile crime. The results of comparison shows that the modified parameters of meidation used in case of violent crimes were not in these case studies demonstrated. This may be due to the fact that all the actionswere of less violent severity, so the differen elements of mediation didnť have to be necesery exploited.
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Mass media portrayal of Czech courts
Forejtová, Natálie ; Homolová, Pavla (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Markéta (referee)
This thesis focuses on the mass media portrayal of Czech courts in the context of the possible influence on the court's legitimacy and confidence. The research of portrayal is based on the analysis of Fagan's dimensions of legitimacy (effectiveness, distributive justice and procedural justice), court rulings and the overall view. The representation of sources of legitimacy rather corresponds to materialistic society - the most represented dimension in 2014 was the effectiveness, on the other hand, distributive justice was represented the least. Normative factors, namely procedural fairness, however, were not covered much. The portrayal in 2014 was, in terms of judicial rulings and the overall view, rather neutral but the sources of legitimacy were mostly negative. Differences were mainly found among mass media portrayal of the lower courts and higher courts and the differences correspond to different confidence in these institutions. I also studied the development since 1997, but besides the increasing interest of mass media in the courts, I have not found any other significant differences which could cause the rise of confidence in the courts. Mass media can also cause the difference in confidence in the courts of the left-wing and right-wing oriented people, because the journal Pravo has a slight...
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