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Reader-response aspects and motives by Jan Mukařovský
Flanderka, Jakub ; Trávníček, Jiří (referee) ; Holý, Jiří (referee)
This work tries to illustrate the way Jan Mukařovský reflected the aspect of reader in his papers of literature, both in terms of a reader as one of the participants of literary communication, and in terms of (potentional) Mukařovský's own reader-response experience. First chapter summarizes main theses of Ingarden's phenomenological concept of literary work, in particular in connection with a term "concretization" which Felix Vodička further developed in the context of Czech Structuralism, and also presents the main reader-response theses of Constance school, which, in fact, represented the first methodology in literary theory, that put the emphasis on the reader as its central theme, and whose representatives were inspired by Felix Vodička's and Jan Mukařovský's ideas as well. The second, the third and the fourth chapters follow the development of Jan Mukařovský's thinking in three phases between 1923 and 1948. Every chapter includes an overview, offering the key ideas and papers of the period, and an analytical part, focusing on the (chosen) passages of Mukařovský'sworks and at the same time providing appearance of readerresponse aspects (i. a. on the basis of lexical level used by Mukařovský in his reasoning). Detailed monitoring of the given periods proves that not even in the early phase of...
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Literature as an interpretation of the world. ČSR in 1930s
Borovička, Lukáš ; Janáček, Pavel (referee) ; Holý, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this work is to re-construct the mentality of the 1930s in Czechoslovakia. Methodologically, it is ba sed on the Belgian concept of "worldview" (Center Leo Apostel), "a symbolic system of representation that allows us to integrate everything we know about the world and ourselves into a global picture." From this perspective, every text represents a certain worldview (the boundary between literary and nonliterary texts isn't relevant). Stan/ev Fish's notion of "interpretative community", defined generally, is transferred into literary history, where it allows to divide cultura/ field into p/ural subcultures. In the second part, I analyse the identity of the nation in terms of cultura/ and political relations with other countries. The Sudeten crisis means crisis of the national identity, questioning of the state borders and thus of the existing Order. Other tendencies, typical for the Czech literature of the 19305, are the disputes between democratic and totalitarian principles, between Modernism and Conservatism, between apolitical and politicized literature. Other current topics are e.g. ref/ection of a Jew, conception of "Iabour" and in this framework oscilation between Masaryk's democratic conception and forced labour in the context of dictatorship or the vision of the "crisis of civilization"...
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Exile journal Sklizeň
Kmochová, Radka ; Holý, Jiří (advisor) ; Špirit, Michael (referee)
The chief subject of this work is an annotated bibliography for the exile magazine Sklizeň. Besides the bibliography the work also contains an introductory reflection which, in part, focuses more generally on exile and the situation of Czech culture in exile after 1948, and in part introduces the magazine itself in more detail. Since the magazine was published for over ten years, the bibliography is relatively substantial. Each contribution is complemented with an annotation and has its own bibliographical reference number. Classified advertisements, unsolicited material and illustrated and text supplements are not referenced. Missing headings of some contributions, apart from minor items, are replaced in the annotation by the opening words of the item. For minor items, which often consist of only one sentence, the headline is not replaced by the opening words but the content of the item is given briefly in note form. In the part of an entry relating to the content label of the contributions we occasionally quote the editorial comments published in Sklizeň. We have chosen extracts which show the history of the text in more detail or convey the content of the articles. Three full stops indicates passages left out. The bibliography of the articles is supplemented by: an index of authors; a subject index by...
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The reflection of nordic literatures in Bohemia in the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries
Vašáková, Lucie ; Holý, Jiří (advisor) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with relations between the Czech literature and Nordic literatures in the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The aim of the thesis is the reflection of Nordic literatures in Bohemia - the reflection of translations and the influence on the works of the Czech authors in the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Works of outstanding Nordic authors like Arne Garborg, Henrik Ibsen, August Strindberg and Knut Hamsun affected the development of the Czech literature and influenced literary output of Czech authors like Fra.na Sramek, Karel Toman and Rudolf Tesnohlidek, particularly in the thematic, motific and stylistic levels. The thesis writes major records of Nordic literatures in Czech period magazines down and presents Czech publishing houses focused on translations of Nordic literatures in the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The diploma work employs the methods of traditional comparative science (genetic and typological comparison) and imagology.
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The Holocaust through the eyes of the guilty participants
Dusíková, Arna ; Holý, Jiří (advisor) ; Špirit, Michael (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is not to increase the already large amount of factual literature on holocaust, but to think about a phenomenon of guilt with the help of such literary texts that enable to look at the side of culprits. Beside the guilt itself, the stress is being put on narrative procedures used in the pieces with the so called unreliable narrator. Whatever the literary process may be, it cannot avoid historical terms and facts, that are, though, mentioned only to make the text easier to comprehend. The knowledge of holocaust, on an elemenatary basis at least, is expected anyway.
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Forms of the grotesque in short prosaic genre in the Czech literature of 1920's
Pašková, Štěpánka ; Holý, Jiří (advisor) ; Mravcová, Marie (referee)
The work focuses on various kinds of the grotesque in short prosaic forms in the Czech literature of 1920's. In the first and second chapter the work provides theoretical and methodological background. Fundamental theoretical questions of the grotesque are opened and two principal approaches to the question (W. Kayser's and M. M. Bachtin's) are interpreted. In the following chapter grotesque literary works of five authors are analysed. The author of the study primarily aims for recognizing various forms of the grotesque in the given period and for revealing universal mechanisms of the grotesque in this way. The knowledge acquired is put in a literary-historical and social context. Two principal kinds of the grotesque are defined in the last chapter - the grotesque as a state of mind and the grotesque used as an artistic device of satire. These types are related to current tendencies of Poetism and Expressionism.
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Non-fiction literature on the concentration camp's experience within the so-called first wave of the war literature
Krajčovičová, Monika ; Janáček, Pavel (advisor) ; Holý, Jiří (referee)
The Dissertation devotes to the literature representation of the czechoslovakian prisoners's life in concentration camps during the second world war. The work analyzes the documentary witnesses, that were published in 1945-1947 and with the date of publishing belong to the so-called first wave of war literature. The introductory part devotes to the place of concentration camps problematic to the historical context, the second part of dissertation define a term the first wave of war literature. The central theme then create following parts. In the third part an author define matter of the concentration camps and create mutual relation between "theme" and "motiv" with respect to the main topic. With the help of primary literature an author create a list of motivic stereotypes, that relate to prisoner's life in the concentration camp. An author defines these motivic stereotypes and completes them with the samples from primary literature. The last part of dissertation analyzes a response of the concentration camp books in the freed political prisoners journal. The analysis is pointed to the critical reflections, reviews and polemics about publishing concentration camps book.
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The story of diverse readings. Reception of Kundera's novel Žert (The Joke) and Třetí sešit směšných lásek (Laughable Loves) in Czech and German speaking context
Rennerová, Jana ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Holý, Jiří (referee)
Reakce publika na Kunderův román Žert a Směšné lásky248 (opět reakce zejména na Třetí sešit směšných lásek) byly velmi různorodé. Žert pochopilo publikum českého prostředí jako historické svědectví o událostech padesátých a začátku šedesátých let. V procesu imaginárního dialogu mezi románem a publikem vyvstala hodnota dobového dokumentu, který velmi specifickým, důmyslně pojatým a detailně promyšleným způsobem promluvil o historických událostech padesátých let. Milan Kundera skrze svůj román Žert nabídl publiku jednu z prvních otevřených reflexí této doby. Recepční proces byl rozpoután, Žert se prakticky ihned stal ikonou českého poválečného literárního vývoje, od Zbabělců Josefa Škvoreckého ikonou zřejmě nejpřekvapivější. Publikum ihned přisoudilo románu svébytné místo v literárním kontextu. Recepční proces, jak ukázaly jeho doklady, však téměř opomněl upozornit na literární kvality románu. Často je sice v ohlasech české recepce Žertu zdůrazněn význam polyfonní kompozice románu, důležitost postav; román ale nebyl viděn ve své pravé románové podstatě: jako dílo, které na rozsáhlé ploše zpracovává a osvětluje jednak téma událostí padesátých let, jednak téma identity člověka ve společnosti, a které zpracováním těchto témat nutí své publikum k emocionální zainteresovanosti. Žert musel své čtenáře strhnout,...
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Images of the prison camps of communist period in the Czech literature
Hulíková, Dana ; Mravcová, Marie (referee) ; Holý, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this work was to describe the literary image of communist prison camps in Czechoslovakia in the 50th of 20th century. The first part of this work consists of basic facts about formation and progression of prison camps in former Soviet Union and in former Czechoslovakia. The second part contains analysis of four prison novels: Studené slunce (author Jiří Mucha), Štestí (author Jiří Stránský), Na co umírají muži and Motáky nezvěstnému (author Karel Pecka). The topic of the analysis is the manner of narration and composition and the comparison of relations between reality and fiction in cited novels. The highets degree of literary stylization appears in prison diary Studené slunce. On the contrary, the most realistic image of communist prison camps is placed in Karel Pecka's works. The optimistic nature and using of cinematic methods belongs to the specific signs of Štěstí.
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