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Gene order in eukaryotic genomes: an analysis using sequence-based gene expression data
Divina, Petr ; Forejt, Jiří (advisor) ; Pačes, Jan (referee) ; Mokrejš, Martin (referee)
ZÁVĚRY 61 6. ZÁVĚRY 6.1. Analýza genů exprimovaných v myším varleti a jejich uspořádání v genomu Pomocí expresního profilování metodou SAGE (sériová analýza genové exprese) byl vytvořen katalog genů exprimovaných ve varleti dospělých myší. Byly identifikovány poziční klastry genů na chromosomech obsahující geny s preferenční expresí ve varleti. Tyto klastry obsahovaly signifikantně vyšší počet genů než v náhodně vygenerovaných genomech. Geny specificky exprimované v somatických buňkách myšího varlete byly signifikantně obohacené na chromosomu X, což podporuje teorii o hromadění genů preferenčně exprimovaných v samčích tkáních na chromosomu X. Geny exprimované z chromosomu X byly ochuzené v transkriptomu celého myšího varlete, což je v souladu s představou o inaktivaci chromosomu X během prvního meiotického dělení. Byla vytvořena veřejně přístupná internetová databáze Mouse SAGE Site, která shromažďuje expresní data z myších tkání a buněčných liniích vytvořená pomocí metody SAGE. 6.2. Genový obsah chromosomu Z kura domácího Chromosom Z kura domácího byl signifikantně obohacený o geny preferenčně exprimované v samčím mozku. ZÁVĚRY 62 Geny s preferenční expresí v samičím mozku vykazovaly náznak ochuzení na chromosomu Z. Podobně, geny specificky exprimované ve vaječnících byly na chromosomu Z...
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The influence of PRDM9 histon H3K4 tri-methyltransferase on chromosomal sterility
Svatoňová, Martina ; Forejt, Jiří (advisor) ; Kuthan, Martin (referee)
The influence of PRDM9 histon H3K4 tri-methyltransferase on chromosomal sterility The Prdm9 gene encodes a meiotic histone methyltransferase, which enables tri- methylation of lysine 4 on histon H3. H3K4 tri-methylation is associated with gene expression activation. The same gene was identified in the mouse as the hybrid sterility 1gene. The regulation of hotspots of meiotic recombination in mouse and human is its other function. The aim of diploma thesis was be to verify the influence of supernumerary copies of Prdm9 gene on chromosomal sterility using transgenic mice. Sterility will be induced by chromosomal translocation T43H. It was found that the gene Prdm9 itself has no influence of the observed fenotyp changes. Significant position effect in T43H translocation was confirmed. Translocation inherited from the father causes downgrade of parameters of fertility compared to that derived from the mother.
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Genetics and Genomics of Hybrid Sterility
Bhattacharyya, Tanmoy ; Forejt, Jiří (advisor) ; Pravenec, Michal (referee) ; Macholán, Miloš (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Science Ph.D. study program: Molecular and Cellular Biology, Genetics and Virology Abstract Genetics and genomics of hybrid sterility Mgr. Tanmoy Bhattacharyya Supervisor: Prof. MUDr. Jiří Forejt, DrSc. Praha 2013 Abstract Male-limited hybrid sterility restricts gene flow between the related species, an important pre- requisite of speciation. The F1 hybrid males of PWD/Ph female (Mus m. musculus subspecies) and C57BL/6J or B6 male (Mus m. domesticus) are azoospermic and sterile (PB6F1), while the hybrids from the reciprocal (B6PF1) cross are semi fertile. A disproportionately large effect of the X chromosome (Chr) on hybrid male sterility is a widespread phenomenon accompanying the origin of new species. In the present study, we mapped two phenotypically distinct hybrid sterility loci Hstx1 and Hstx2 to a common 4.7 Mb region on Chr. X. Analysis of meiotic prophase I of PB6F1 sterile males revealed meiotic block at mid-late pachynema and the TUNEL assay showed apoptosis of arrested spermatocytes. In sterile males over 95% of pachytene spermatocytes showed one or more unsynapsed autosomes visualized by anti SYCP1, HORMAD2 and SYCP3 antibodies. The phosphorylated form of H2AFX histone, normally restricted only to XY chromosome containing sex body decorated unsynapsed...
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Hybrid sterility genes in mice: mapping of epistatic interactions
John, Václav ; Forejt, Jiří (advisor) ; Kuthan, Martin (referee)
MOUSE HYBRID STERILITY GENES: A MAPPING OF EPISTATIC INTERACTIONS Hybrid sterility is an important postmeiotic reproductive isolation barrier. The phenotype of mouse hybrid sterility includes decreased testes weight and an absence of sperm. It occurs only in F1 males from PWD/Ph (PWD; Mus musculus domesticus) x C57BL/6J (B6, M. m. musculus) cross but not reciprocal B6 x PWD F1 males (FOREJT & IVÁNYI, 1974; FOREJT et al., 1991). Nowadays we know that the phenotype of hybrid sterility is controlled by the PWD/B6 allelic combination on chromosome 17 at Prdm9 locus is needed and by the PWD allele on chromosome X at Hstx2 locus. This combination of two loci is necessary but not sufficient obtain full sterility (MIHOLA et al., 2008; FOREJT, JIŘÍ, pers. comm.), so another genes must play role. In this experimental work I prepared the F2 cross from B6 and PWD mouse strains and I genotyped the males of F2 crosses and I carried out the QTL analysis. Extended QTL analysis was carried out with all animals carrying Prdm9PWD/B6 - Hstx2PWD allelic combination. The results showed unexpectedly low number of sterile males in F2 generation (1.90 %), and significant QTLs on chromosomes 17 (in Prdm9 loci) and X (different from Hstx2) in sperm, no other significant peak on any chromosome was found. These results indicate a more...
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The Open Film Education Programme
Forejt, Jiří ; Lipovská, Ivana (advisor) ; HENDRICH, Vladimír (referee)
Text in character belongs to a circle of professional work, which specialize in film education and training of young people or the wider population. Do not try to formulate a purely theoretical concept or strategy. On the contrary. Through reflection and analysis of the collected data identifies the provision and development strategy unique educational program ("The Open Film Education Programme"), which is produced in collaboration Film and TV School of Academy of Performing Arts (FAMU) and the National Film Archive (NFA). The thesis planting project within the framework of the field, outlines the genesis of the development of educational programs, formulates the foundations of teaching methodology, and outlines the further development of the national level. One of the main objectives of the text is to serve as a source of information to other interested people from the FAMU students or teachers, who would like to participate in the development of the project.
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Bright Tomorrows?
Tydlitátová, Anna ; Forejt, Jiří (advisor) ; Havas, David (referee)
The thesis deals with the transformation of Ponrepo Cinema, a former viewing room in Prague, which had been recently converted into a modern public-service cinematheque of the Czech National Film Archive (NFA). This transformation process runs on the background of the structural, legislative, financial and HR changes, implemented in the NFA in the last years. The work thus refers to the metamorphosis of the whole institution. I am focusing on the period after 2012, when PhDr. Michal Bregant was appointed the current CEO. I am describing namely the changes done in the sector of services and HR, which in turn influenced the very content and form of the activities offered by the cinema. I further emphasize my interest in the public relations and the communication strategies of Ponrepo Cinema toward its audiences, and finally indicate the possible next course of this cultural institution.
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Renascence of creative fight in czech feature cinematography
Forejt, Jiří ; Kallista, Jaromír (advisor) ; Lamperová, Marta (referee)
The aim of this essay is to explore and analyse the social and cinematic context surrounding the work of Petr Vaclav. This will be achieved through the analysis of Petr Vaclav's filmography, which will be used as a point of reference for the justification of the author's arguments. The first part of the paper will explore "The Weaknesses of Critical Thinking" in the Czech film environment; focusing on the work of Jiri Cieslar and Andrej Stankovic, who firmly resisted this unworthy tendency. In the second part, this essay will discuss the "The Mechanisms of the Simplification of Artistic Expression". Therefore, the focus will be on social tendencies, which lead Czech film authors to make concessions in their artistic expression. This essay will argue that the commercialization of the Czech film criticism is a direct consequence of the critics' conformist approach and that this state is wholly unsatisfactory.
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Analýza samčí sterility způsobené T(16,17)43H chromosomální translokací
Čapková, Jana ; Homolka, David ; Ivánek, Robert ; Jansa, Petr ; Forejt, Jiří
Heterozygosity for certain mouse and human chromosomal rearrangements is characterized by male-limited sterility. Our model of a male-sterile chromosomal rearrangement represents mouse T(16;17)43H (T43) chromosomal translocation. The effect of the T43H translocation on spermatogenesis was studied. We analyzed meiosis in B10.T43/+ heterozygous male mice and we have obtained direct evidence on the transcriptional silencing of unsynapsed autosomal chromatin of the translocation quadrivalent and the subsequent failure of the X chromosome transcriptional inactivation at the mid-late pachytene of spermatogenesis.
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