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The Binding Effect of Decisions and Awards in International Disputes
Kadlec, Nicole ; Balaš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hofmannová, Mahulena (referee) ; Feigerlová, Monika (referee)
1 Abstract and Key Words: The Binding Effect of Decisions and Awards in International Disputes Abstract International investment law accords foreign investors two main types of protection: first, it articulates standards of protection a host State must adhere to with respect to foreign investments, and, second, it provides an investor with a choice to have investment disputes settled by an independent international tribunal. While standards of protection and the mandate of arbitrators stem from an international investment treaty, arbitrators apply both national law and international law. Nevertheless, being regarded as principally deciding on the international responsibility of States, questions of national law are usually sidelined in the academic debate. This thesis rectifies this neglect and asks: How should an arbitrator in investment treaty arbitration treat national judicial decisions? The thesis addresses this question from doctrinal angle by analysing academic writings, judicial decisions, and arbitral awards in the field of international investment arbitration, international commercial arbitration, and the practice of the International Court of Justice. This is because investment treaty arbitration is a hybrid formation oscillating between public international law adjudication and national...
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The Development and Application of International Private Law Rules in Electronic Relations
Machová, Daniela ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee) ; Feigerlová, Monika (referee)
The dissertation deals with the application of legal rules, especially the rules of private and procedural international law, in the Internet environment. The core of the dissertation is divided into six main chapters. The first concerning the Internet world and its main terms and the general terms of conflict of laws. It is followed by the examination of the main legal sources of the international private law and by the chapter about main aspects of e-business. The two chapters that are the most essential to this work are e-contracts and the application of the international private law rules to electronic relationships. The dissertation is concluded with a segment devoted to development of e-government which is also an important part of e-business in general. The dissertation aims to provide comprehensive insight into the development and the future of the legal regulation of electronic legal relations and other important elements of e- business.
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Mediation as a Mean of International Commercial Dispute Resolution
Vanišová, Veronika ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Švarc, Zbyněk (referee) ; Feigerlová, Monika (referee)
1 Mediation as a Mean of International Commercial Dispute Resolution Abstract The subject of this dissertation is the topic of mediation in solving international commercial disputes. At the outset, the author focuses on the general theory of dispute and argues that the main psychological features of thinking about conflicts are inherent in virtually all types of social relations, regardless of their specific nature. It is therefore useful to recall the knowledge about the psychology of conflict in the context of research on the resolution of international commercial disputes, as this initial line of reasoning is also present. In the first part of the dissertation, the author defines the position of mediation within the spectrum of the dispute resolution and identifies its relationship with other ADR methods. She is particularly concerned with the recent change in the ADR area, particularly as regards the shift of arbitration towards judicial proceedings and convergence of mediation with arbitration in certain respects. Furthermore, the author considers the importance of mediation for international commerce, noting in particular the aspect of the institutionalisation of mediation and touches on the phenomenon of regional change in international trade. The author points out that the cross-border commercial...
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Iura novit curia in international arbitration
Halfar, František ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Rozehnal, Aleš (referee) ; Feigerlová, Monika (referee)
Iura novit curia in international arbitration Abstract The thesis deals with the application of the iura novit curia principle in international arbitration. At the outset, it explains the function of the principle in the civil law tradition of court procedure and the potential issues arising out of its application in arbitration, in particular with regards to the limits of arbitral power and due process. Since the rules on conduct of arbitral proceedings provide no specific guidance in this respect, the ultimate limits of the use of the principle in arbitration are set by the national courts in proceedings on annulment and recognition of arbitral awards. The thesis attempts to delineate these limits on the case law of a few chosen countries and observe the potential similarities with their civil procedure. Despite the differences in the legal traditions in the respective countries, the analysis of the case law finds a number of common features in the approaches to the application of the iura novit curia principle in international arbitration across the chosen countries. When assessing the powers of the arbitrator to apply the law as he deems appropriate, the courts seem to share similar concerns about the observation of the parties right to be heard. Despite its somewhatʼ firmer standing in investment...
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Mediation as a Mean of International Commercial Dispute Resolution
Vanišová, Veronika ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Pfeiffer, Magdalena (referee) ; Feigerlová, Monika (referee)
1 ABSTRACT MEDIATION AS A MEAN OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION This dissertation deals with the phenomenon of discrepancies between commonly shared perceptions about international mediation and its real and practical situation. The aim of this disertation is not to analyze the legal provisions on mediation in individual national jurisdictions or to analyze individual provisions of the private international law, which potentially apply to issues of cross-border mediation. The intention is to point to current trends and current issues in the field of international mediation. We especially want to conduct generally accepted theoretical concepts of mediation in an international context critical view by comparing it to empirical dates proving the actual state of mediation as a method of resolving international business disputes. The first part of this disertation summarizes the basic theoretical background related to mediation, which serves as a basis for the construction of generally recognized premises in this field. These premises relate to the context of international commerce. Therefore, it deals with the mediation principles, models and important aspects that are relevant to international commercial disputes with an international element. In the second part, the disertation tries to point...
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International Sales Dispute Resolution
Gavrilova, Iva ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Rozehnal, Aleš (referee) ; Feigerlová, Monika (referee)
INTERNATIONAL SALES DISPUTE RESOLUTION ABSTRACT This dissertation deals with judicial resolution of disputes arising from cross-border commercial relationships, more precisely from international sales contract as their common representative. The introduction defines the term of international sales contract (chapter one) and the process of its formation (chapter two) under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods ("CISG"). It addresses inter alia the gap filling of the CISG, uniform interpretation or commercial usages. Some comparative notes are also provided. Further, it examines a phenomenon called "battle of forms" that often occurs in practice when dealing with standard terms and conditions. The focal point of the thesis is the rules of jurisdiction set out in the Brussels I Regulation Recast ("Regulation") which are analysed from the perspective of an international commercial relationship. The emphasis is on the prorogation of jurisdiction under the Regulation. The third chapter deals with the territorial, temporal and material scope of application of the Regulation, as well as with its autonomous interpretation. It also discusses the role of the Regulation in arbitration. Chapter four reviews the rules of jurisdiction applicable when there is no valid choice of...
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European Trends in Judicial Mediation and Their Use in the Czech Republic
Tošnerová, Ráchel ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Rozehnal, Aleš (referee) ; Feigerlová, Monika (referee)
EUROPEAN TRENDS IN JUDICIAL MEDIATION AND THEIR USE IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC Abstract This dissertation deals with the phenomenon of judicial mediation. In the first part, it defines the term of mediation as such and determines its essential and additional elements. Further, the text looks into the wide spectrum of cases in which this method of alternative dispute resolution can be applied. The author specifically points out that limiting its use to family matters is rather inappropriate. The following section systematically identifies the individual types, forms and methods of mediation so that each mediation can be customized for the respective case. Finally, the first part ends with a reflection on the current issues connected to criticism of mediation. These are the enforcement of international mediated settlement agreements, the potential conflict with access to justice and the binding nature as well as enforceability of mediation clauses including their stipulation in general terms and conditions. The second part is an analysis of the use of judicial mediation in selected European countries - Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, Slovenia and Spain. Different approaches to the implementation of the mediation directive are described as well as techniques for the promotion of its use. The output of the...
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The Development and Application of International Private Law Rules in Electronic Relations
Machová, Daniela ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee) ; Feigerlová, Monika (referee)
The dissertation deals with the application of legal rules, especially the rules of private and procedural international law, in the Internet environment. The core of the dissertation is divided into six main chapters. The first concerning the Internet world and its main terms and the general terms of conflict of laws. It is followed by the examination of the main legal sources of the international private law and by the chapter about main aspects of e-business. The two chapters that are the most essential to this work are e-contracts and the application of the international private law rules to electronic relationships. The dissertation is concluded with a segment devoted to development of e-government which is also an important part of e-business in general. The dissertation aims to provide comprehensive insight into the development and the future of the legal regulation of electronic legal relations and other important elements of e- business.
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Investment Protection in the European Union
Olík, Miloš ; Pauknerová, Monika (advisor) ; Feigerlová, Monika (referee) ; Ondřej, Jan (referee)
1 Abstract This dissertation deals with investment protection in the European Union from several points of view. The first part deals with the history of investment protection and its main basis and grounds for current legislation and proposals for future regulation, particularly within the EU. In subsequent parts, current legislation and intra-European Union investment protection is analysed in detail, including the question of validity and applicability of Intra-EU BITs, i.e. bilateral treaties concluded between two EU Member States. The analysis is made from the perspective of EU law, as well as from the point of view of public international law. The dissertation further deals with their relationship and demonstrates contradictions between them in two crucial cases, Eureko/Achmea and Micula. Additional themes of this dissertation are the powers of the European Union regarding investment protection and the conclusion of international treaties such as CETA and TTIP. This dissertation further deals with the status, jurisdiction and functioning of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), demonstrating the relatively smooth and widely accepted investment dispute settlement mechanism. In this regard, the proposed EU Multilateral Investment Court project in analysed, including a...
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