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Transport and Deposition of Aerosol in Human Respiratory Tract
Elcner, Jakub ; Kratochvíl, Zdeněk (referee) ; Volavý, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jícha, Miroslav (advisor)
One of approaches in treatment of respiratory system diseases is the use of drug particles suspended in air in the form of aerosol. It is a fast and non-invasive method for the delivery of medicine into tracheobronchial tree or bloodstream. Although the method of the medication dosage by means of inhalers or nebulizers is well known, the effectiveness of that approach is still an actual issue. A significant amount of drugs delivered with the use of the medication dosage never reaches its primary destination and the drugs deposit in antecendent areas of respiratory tract where their presence is not required. This thesis deals with a problem of the passage of monodisperse homogenous aerosol with micron-size particles through the upper parts of the respiratory tract. This work was created with the use of numerical simulations carried out by means of the finite volume method in the commercial code based on computational fluid dynamics. Turbulence was modelled using the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations with the two-equation eddy viscosity k-omega SST model. The main output of the thesis is the analysis of airflow in two respiratory regimes. Stationary and cyclic cases of the flow behaviour were considered and the validation of simulated results with experiments performed on similar geometries was carried out. Furthermore, the review of simplified lung models and their geometries was made and the acquired results were used for the calculation of air distribution in the respiratory tract. The last part of the thesis deals with the calculation of particle deposition and with the analysis of the results.
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Design of a space heating system with an air-water heat pump and bivalent heat source
Skočík, Lukáš ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Katolický, Jaroslav (advisor)
The thesis is engaged in complete reconstruction of a heat system of a family house with higher heat loss, i.e. heat source, piping and radiators. As a heat source is chosen air-water heat pump. Heat system is designed with panel radiators with regard to minimum building interventions. A required power for hot water heating is calculated and selected a heat pump from suitable power range in combination with storage tank with hot water tank. The bivalent point is determined, as backup source are heating elements installed in storage tank. Drawings and circuit diagrams with safety elements are attached. In the end is calculation of estimated return.
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Design of a space heating system with a heat pump air-water and solid fuel source for heating the family house
Španihelová, Kateřina ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Katolický, Jaroslav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to design the heating system for the house, including the design and calculating the required quantity of heat for hot water. The specified heat sources are the heat pump air to water and solid fuel boiler. The task was to design the heating system to the fastest possible return on investment. The initial investment in a heat pump is high so it is necessary to design the heating system as efficiently as possible. The thesis contains a complete project of calculating heat loss of the building, the design of heating surfaces and their heat-technical calculation. There is included the design of the pipe system, the calculation of pressure loss and its regulation. The thesis also includes design of safety equipment, temperature regulation and drawings. On the basis of calculated data was processed economic assessment, which determines the return on investment to the heat pump. Compared to the gas condensing boiler the return on investment will ideally be after five years.
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Design and comparison of a space heating systems with different heat sources in family house
Kamenský, Petr ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Katolický, Jaroslav (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with design and comparison of heating systems. In diploma thesis is designed system with gas condensing boiler, system with heat pump and system with gas condensing boiler for heating and solar collectors for heating of hot water. Content of this thesis is calculation of house heat loss, design of radiators, design of heat systems including a check of protective components, regulation with the help of thermostatic radiator valve, calculation of economical evaluation and creation of design documentation. Design is made for systems with unified temperature fall 55/45. For the variation with heat pump is computed a possibility of using the heat pump as an univalent or bivalent heat source. In the analysis of costs is considered a usage of natural gas for heating and warming of hot water with a condensing boiler, annual consumption of electric energy for operation of electrical appliances in household, consumption of electric energy for operation of heat pump for heating and warming of hot water and consumption of electric energy for warming of hot water in case of system with solar collectors. In the final evaluation a pay-off period is determined.
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Comparison of heat losses calculation by CSN 06 0210 and CSN EN 12831
Elcner, Jakub ; Šikula, Ondřej (referee) ; Košner, Jan (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with comparison of heat loss calculation by CSN 06 0210 and CSN EN 12831. This work contains short introduction to the heat loss calculation, definition of basic terms, detailed analysis of heat loss calculation by both standards, description of exemplar buildings, heat loss calculation and heat requirement for heating of buildings according to particular standards. At the end of the work the comparison and discussion of calculation results is presented.
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Application of HS camera to problems of fluid mechanics
Bolcek, Adam ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Jedelský, Jan (advisor)
The main subject of this bachelor thesis is visualization of liquids and gases and their recor-ding with the help of a high-speed camera. The first part deals with types of the high-speed cameras. Also, it is concerned with the description of the Olympus i-SPEED 2 camera which was used for the experiment. Finally, the thesis investigates fundamental parameters of the high-speed cameras and their influence on the recording. The second part describes different methods of visualisation of liquids and gases and also consequent advantages and disadvantages of using each particular method. The last part is dedicated to the creation of my own recording of the visualisation of flowing of gas and its analysis and also to the finding of an optimal setting of the camera and of the lighting of the scene of the recording.
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Fuell cells
Sedláček, Tomáš ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Hejčík, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes the distribution of fuel cells, principle of their operation and composition of the individual cell types. It states the advantages or disadvantages of the individual cell types and summarizes their basic parameters. This thesis also refers to the current state of development of fuel cells and convenient areas of their application.
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Design of heat pump for space heating system
Panáček, Jaromír ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Katolický, Jaroslav (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis contains design options of the heat pump for a family house. First part of the thesis deals with the basic types of heat pumps and their usage in the particular conditions. The description of the family house along with basic parameters for the design of the heat pump itself is presented in the second part of the thesis. Therefore the heat loss computation and the heat needs of the household are listed. Various designs of the heat pumps with basic properties according to the given house come afterwards. The conclusion summarizes the overall comparison of the individual types from the investments, operating expenses and the choice of the designed heat pump point of view. Mathematical basics are enclosed in the appendix.
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Comparison of the real and idealised human airways model
Roupec, Michal ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Forman, Matěj (advisor)
The purpose of this thesis is to find basic parametres of idealized geometrical lung models – Weibel’s and Horsfield’s and to measure length and diameters of each pipe from trachea to 4th generation of bifurcation. Using 3D model (scanned casting of bronchial tree of man) measure matching diameters and lengths of airways and compare them with lengths and diameters of both models. Define bifurcation angles and total geometry of real lungs. Calculate Reynolds number knowing velocity in some of the airways for real lungs and both models and compare them.
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Hot water heating systems.
Prát, Michal ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Katolický, Jaroslav (advisor)
This essay summarises essential components of hot water heating systems and theirs division as consistent with geometric, material and functional options. Further here are mentioned particular possibilities of hot warer heating systems, theirs estimation in the case of pertinence operating and last but not least also comfort for one´s user.
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