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Verbal Irony in the Czech Discourse and its Perception
Rýparová, Dominika ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (referee) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
Verbal Irony in the Czech Discourse and its Perception Mgr. Dominika Rýparová Abstract This thesis sets the verbal irony into a broader context of human communication and supports the tendency to understand the irony as a communication strategy - not only as a speech figure or a tool to make our way of speaking more attractive. The aim of this work is to remind that irony is an integral part of our everyday communication, and a prerequisite for its use and understanding is built on the particular language experience. The experiment was examining the function of the four forms of irony, which differed in the degree of engaged humour or, conversely, expressed criticism. During the research one was able to get answers from a total of 3,167 respondents. Their analysis revealed that the major motivation for use of the selected types of irony is the humour, but the more humorous the statement is, the more the speaker takes a risk of not being completely understood, because he/she plays with reality too much. Further the results showed that the perception of irony-related emotions is influenced by our age. Younger people are more sensitive to the humorous points of irony, while the older are more tolerant of its critical part. The evaluation of irony is also affected by the communication role of the respondent...
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Do pupils of primary and secondary schools know meaning of newly borrowed anglicisms?
Jindřichová, Jana ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Janovec, Ladislav (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with comprehension of newly borrowed anglicisms into the Czech language. As newly borrowed we considered those which are listed in the dictionaries of neologisms, or have not been included in them yet. The comprehension was tested at primary school pupils and students of lower secondary school. The theoretical part describes ways of enriching vocabulary, especially borrowing from foreign languages. The main research method used in the practical part was a survey. It took place in April 2014 among the pupils of the 6th and 9th classes at one of Prague's primary schools and in corresponding classes at Opava secondary school. The results were related to the sex and age of the respondents and also to the type of school they are attending. We observed increased number of successful responses in closed questions testing the passive comprehension of anglicisms than in the open-ended questions testing the active comprehension of anglicisms. Comparing responses by gender, girls reached higher percentage of successful answers or the successful answers of boys and girls were balanced. The most striking differences brought comparison of respondents by age. Older pupils reached on all issues significantly higher success rate than younger pupils. Differences were also observed in the...
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Student Slang of Primary and Secondary Schools - origin, development, comparison
Pajpachová, Veronika ; Palkosková, Olga (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
This dissertation primarily describes the origin and development of slang, further it examines the issue of sociolinguistics, it is also concerned in the field of social background of students of primary and secondary schools with regards to slang terminology of these, and it assesses this relationship afterwards. At first, the dissertation acquaints with the development of language as such, consequently discusses standard and non-standard language, and informal language into which argot, professional language and above mentioned slang can be included. Based on this point of view, the piece of work concerns the concept of slang in Czech literature as well as in foreign literature, the constitutive features of slang, the most traditional methods of formatting slang expressions, and it mentions the issue of social dialectology. Besides, the thesis is focused on sociolinguistics' branches, especially it treats sociolinguistics as a science not quite definable. It offers several points of view on the issue of sociolinguistics, it defines the relationship between sociolinguistics and language from the variational linguistics' point of view, introduces the most common sociolinguistic methods and is devoted to theories of Basil Bernstein as well, that inspired it greatly. Based on these points of view the...
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Comparative analysis of language and communication skills in written communiqué by students from the 4th year of high school. Language level based assessment of stylistic writings
Holubová, Petra ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee) ; Štěpáník, Stanislav (referee)
This rigorous paper deals with analysis of language and communication competence in written messages created in 2014. The analyzed sample comes from students attending grammar school, grammar school for 11-19 year old students, secondary technical school and secondary vocational school extension study. The theoretical part defines the communication and language competences, as well as the principles of their acquiring in the structure of communicative strategies during secondary education. This paper's further aim is to deal with the writing part of the leaving examination criteria and assessment. The second part introduces comparative analysis of authentic texts aimed at the level of those two competences mentioned above and at objectivity of the writing assessments made by teachers at particular schools. Samples of analysed texts, specialized literature quotations, diagrams, charts and an appendix are part of this work. The certificate from the Czech language writing evaluator and a point scale for writing assessments are enclosed, too. Key words Communication competence Language competence Communication education State leaving exam Written message Stylistic writing assessment
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Sociolect of primary school students
Stočková, Veronika ; Palkosková, Olga (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
The diploma thesis is focusing on sociolect, specifically on a sociolect of primary school students. The objective of this thesis is to define the term sociolect and sociolect of students, to describe its origin and functioning. This will be verified by factual research. The theorethical part of this study is based on defining the term sociolect and related terms such as standard and non-standard use of the Czech language. This thesis works with specialised literature which is related to sociolect, describes methods of creation of slang expressions and deals with the sociological view on this issue. It also includes descriptions of sociolect of students, its linguistic variations, features, and cathegorizations of expressions. Part of this study is based on questionnaire research, which is supposed to confirm or disprove the premises related to sociolect of students of primary school and a short dictionary, which includes various slang expressions of students in the primary school. KEYWORDS Sociolect, Sociolect of students, primary school aged child, student of primary school, slang, argot, non-standard use of the Czech language.
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Children's knowledge of words associated with Christmas
Koudelková, Kateřina ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Palkosková, Olga (referee)
of thesis children's knowledges of words accociated with Christmas The thesis is concerned with Christmas traditions, particularly from the point of view of children. The thesis presents the evolution of Christmas celebrations, some of the traditions, and it also compares certain Christmas songs and carols, and thus demonstrates the evolution of Christmas related vocabulary. Furthermore, the thesis also presents a brief overview of the evolution of children's vocabulary. In the practical part, the thesis attempts to answer the question of which Christmas related words children aged 9 - 12 years are familiar with. For the purpose of this practical research, the author of the thesis created a questionnaire containing 10 specific Christmas related words that children were asked to explain. The research results show that children seem to have a relatively good passive knowledge of commonly used words associated with Christmas, but in many cases they find it difficult to actively demonstrate this knowledge, i.e. to define, explain those words. In general, the girls describe the meaning of words better than boys. Children attending religious schools have apparently greater knowledge of words associated with religious meaning of Christmas than children from state schools. Comparison of age do not show...
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Syntax of the Czech Translation of J.R.R. Tolkien's Work
Kakešová, Věra ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The diploma thesis Syntax of the Czech Translation of J. R. R. Tolkien's Work is based on a comparative linguistic study concentrated on the Czech and English nonfinite verb forms and the possibilities of their usage. The thesis is founded on the analysis of selected grammatical features in John Ronald Reuel Tolkien's Silmarillion and The Hobbit, and their translations by Stanislava Pošustová and František Vrba. The examples of non-finite verb forms working as different sentence elements are preceded by a short theoretical introduction which is supposed to provide a background for the comparison of their usage. Similar examples are organized and analysed together. Within a single chapter the samples were sequenced according to the frequency in usage of the type of their translation. Apart from comparing the original with its translation it is also possible to see the differences between concrete realisations of one grammatical feature in English, and to take into account the differences between the work of the two translators. Key words Translation, infinitive, gerund, participle, syntax, Czech, English, Silmarillion, The Hobbit, Tolkien
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