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The impact of regulation on innovation capacity in the telecommunication sector
Šperková, Lenka ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Rusnák, Marek (referee)
This paper provides an analysis of efficiency and innovation capacity of regulatory measures in two major areas of telecommunication sector: voice telephony and broadband market. In the first part we introduce basic concepts connected with development and performance of voice telephony along with recent European regulatory measures connected to mobile termination rates (MTR) and possible externalities. Impact of introduction LRIC approach on prices of local calls is provided by econometric panel data model covering 17 countries from 2004 till 2011. We have found no significant impact. In the second part we study broadband market segmentation and performance in connection with application "ladder of investments" and "local loop unbundling" approaches. This model is tested on panel dataset of 23 countries in 2004-2010 period of time. Our findings include presence of positive relationship between all three forms of unbundled accesses with different magnitudes of effects. Following test of access payments impact on facility-based competition has detected that: high (average monthly) payments per fully unbundled access do not tend to have positive impact on number of entrants' lines. Despite this result consolidation of our findings supports "ladder of investments" and "local loop unbundling" theory in...
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Relationship of demographic and economic development in Subsahar countries
Havlínová, Jana ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Chytilová, Julie (referee)
This paper deals with the impact of the population growth on the economic performance in the Sub- Saharan countries. This region hasn`t undergone demographic transition and faces high population growth, which is caused by high fertility and relatively low life expectancy. Economic growth is not sufficient enough to deal with this pressure and many countries end up in population traps. The first part of this paper describes the evolution of the population debate since Malthus till the most recent findings and sumarizes key demographic and economics links. Second part analyses demographic development of the region with emphasis on the fertility and mortality. The third part is focused on selected domograpic and economics links. The last part examines economic development of the region on the basis of economic and demographic model and the problem of high population growth is viewed from the broader perspective of development policies. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Central banking: political opportunism or economic necessity?
Donelle, Justin ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hlaváček, Jiří (referee)
Throughout history, at multiple times, countries have implemented central banking systems by monopolizing currencies. The following study looks at key indicators such as bond yields, central bank legislation and free banking era legislation to identify whether changes were due to economic necessity or political opportunism on the part of politicians. The study will analyze 5 countries, most notably Australia, Sweden, Switzerland, United States and Scotland, all of which have had a free banking period and can shed some light on the topic of transition from a free banking system to a centralized monopoly. The comparison draws light on the diverse problems and challenges that arose, most notably finding that in the majority of cases, government intervention caused the banking system to become unstable and help governments to engage in large debt financing under the central banking era. Keywords: Free Banking; Rent-Seeking; Comparative Banking Systems; Central Banks; Political Economy of Monetary Institutions JEL Classification: B53, E02, E42, E44, F59, N13, N14, N11, N12, N21, N22, N23, N24
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Economic Value of Frequency Spectrum
Dopita, Jiří ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Vokatá, Petra (referee)
The focus of this bachelor's thesis are various methods in which the frequency spectrum is allocated and a valuation of the frequency spectrum. At the beginning there is a description of mobile communication technologies and the individual bands of spectrum used by mobile operators for a better understanding of the topic. There are also described various methods in which the frequency spectrum is allocated. Special attention is paid to auctions because they are currently the most used method of spectrum allocation. Auctions that have already been completed and selected auctions that are in preparation are described in the next chapter. Finally, the value of the frequency spectrum in various bands is analyzed using data from European auctions that have been described in the chapter before. More attention is paid to the value of the digital dividend where various factors influencing the value are examined.
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Disruptive media technologies : theories and application to the Czech media environment
Kyjonková, Petra ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
Diploma thesis "Disruptive media technologies - theories and application to the Czech media environment" deals with a concept of disruptive technologies, which results from the economical model of creative destruction made by founder of innovation theories Joseph Alois Schumpter. Although he had described adverse impact on present market structure at the beginning of 20th century, media studies revealed them lately, precisely in the year 1995 in an economical model of another economist Clayton Christensen. In the late 20th century, with the evolution of the internet, first studies based on media corporations' trade model have investigate disruptive impact of new communication channels on the older ones. This diploma thesis transmits these analyses onto Czech media environment, which is still strongly affected by the transformation process started 20 years ago. It illustrates the influence of the whole transmutation on the innovation process and the reason why it is so necessary to examine it separately for all Post-communist countries. This work then discusses the impact of internet as a new sort of media on the market, specially analyzing the symbiosis of the internet version and the printed version of the Lidové noviny journal, and unfolds the weak points and the potentials of this co-existence, not only...
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Impact of Potential EU Membership on Economy of Ukraine
Jascuk, Milana ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Baxa, Jaromír (referee)
Recently the topic of the future of Ukrainian economy has been attracting great attention among economists and politicians. The way how it should develop is widely discussed on the international arena. Economists and politicians cannot reach an agreement to which direction it is better to move for Ukraine. Nowadays a lot of special institutions have been created on both sides: in Ukraine and in Europe. The main goal of those is to control all the processes of transformation to be transparent on all levels; as well as prevent unlikely events. Of course, there are proponents and opponents of the moving to the free trade with the EU as for every global process. Among the young generation it is very clear, that possibilities, which gives us European Union are much more valuable and gainful. Even now, majority of students and researchers seek to apply or acquire some knowledge in European countries. I'm not an exception and for this reason, being a representative of young generation, I will try to determine potential impact on Economy of Ukraine assuming integration to European Union. It is very important to consider both threats and benefits of such processes as they are taking place on very high level. Therefore, in this work it will be considered both contours of development for Economy of Ukraine....
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Home Ownership vs. Renting: Comparison of Costs in the Czech Republic
Tláskalová, Andrea ; Hejlová, Hana (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis develops a cost-benefit analysis of ownership versus renting and investigates the net present values of these alternatives within three different investment and consumption strategies. In order to investigate interactions among the variables and to perform a more detailed analysis, microdata on real estate purchase offers and real estate rental offers are used. Due to the size of the real estate market and the diversity of property types, we focus our analysis on the real estates located in Prague. The thesis' results indicate that ownership is more profitable than renting under the conditions of only one group out of twelve. However, the thesis presents values of three key parameters of home ownership costs for which ownership would be equally profitable as renting. Finally, we attempt to explain the price-to-rent ratio using various apartment characteristics. The OLS regression method uncovers negative impact of the ground floor variable and the panel building variable on the ratio, resulting in higher relative affordability of buying when compared to renting. Number of rooms variable, on the contrary, shows positive impact on the ratio and an additional room in an apartment results in lower relative affordability of buying when compared to renting.
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Ekonomické dopady podpory výroby energie z fotovoltaických článků v České republice
Krška, Štěpán ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
v Abstract The bachelor's thesis focuses on the generation of energy from photovoltaic cells in the Czech Republic and calculation of costs resulting from a support of renewable energy sources. Second part, following a short introduction, contains a brief description of the energy market in the Czech Republic and definitions of renewable energy sources. Third part covers photovoltaic energy in general. It deals with its historical development, technology and potential in the Czech Republic. Fourth part concerns with a legislation and contains a basic overview of the energy legislation of the Czech Republic and the European Union. Fifth part elaborates on the potential of other renewable sources in the Czech Republic and based on expert studies outlines their possible future development. Sixth part comments on the situation of photovoltaics in other states and brings a view of the support of renewable sources in Germany, Spain and Italy. Seventh (analytical) part deals with an analysis and calculations of the costs of the support of individual renewable sources including photovoltaics, cogeneration and secondary resources. The thesis is ended with a conclusion summarising the main results of the work.
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The Czech and Italian non-profit sector : different and therefore uncomparable systems
Novotná, Petra ; Kameníček, Jiří (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
Bachelor thesis The Czech and Italian Non-profit sector: Different and Therefore Uncomparable Systems offers an overview of the functioning of non-profit organizations in the Czech Republic and Italy. The main part is divided into two sections so each country is given a separate section. In the beginning is always summarized a historical development and events that most influenced the later development of the nonprofit sector. Next there are introduced types and forms of non-profit organizations, some of legislation arrangements and other basic information. In the analytical part I paid attention to various aspects of current affairs in particular sectors, i.e. new opportunities arising from the Czech accession to the EU or closer introduction of the main types of Italian non-profit organizations. Part of this section is also a general overview suggesting a relationship of local economies to their non-profit sectors. Finally, there is presented one selected Czech and Italian non-profit organization. I concluded my work with an unusual ending which explains the inability to compare the above mentioned sectors.
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