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The concept of authoritarian regimes and the case of Baltic states in the 30' of the 20th century: Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia in comparison
Hejzlar, Štěpán ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of the work is to (1) verify applicability of the concept of authoritarianism to nondemocratic political systems of Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia in the times preceding World War II; Juan J. Linz's theory of authoritarian regimes is taken as the initial frame for analysis. The study focuses on (2) dynamics of the transformation of the democratic regimes in an effort to find the most complex explanation of the democratic instability of the region as possible. In this way the impact of individual actors and their actions in the system, institutional design, social structure and party systems on the nondemocratic outcome are taken under scrutiny. The main focus of the study lies in its own analysis and comparison of the newly established regimes, description of their development as well as the development of particular components of the political system: relations among relevant political actors, relations between regime and its environment, ways of gaining legitimacy and public support. Prevalently empirical character of the study enables obtaining a solid ground for verification of the opening hypothesis (1).
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Euroscepticism and the Civic Democratic Party: party basis?
Ryjáčková, Lenka ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
The Bachelor thesis "Euroscepticism and the Civic Democratic Party: Party Basis" deals with Euroscepticism as a dynamic phenomenon of party and intraparty system. The thesis in this way brings the critical reflection of recent classification typologies regarding the positions of political parties towards the European Union and European integration. Dynamic factors which influence the molding of party opinion are demonstrated on the example of the Civic Democratic Party (ODS). The thesis puts emphasis on the intraparty structure within the context of the organization and ideological reflection of the European issue in the organization. The question that the thesis attempts to answer, is if Euroscepticism in the ODS will be the cause of an institutionalization of a party basis inside the party, and which representation in the party it has.
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Democratic transition of Mozambique in 1990s
Michal, Petr ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
This essey deals with transition to democracy in Mozambique, one of the poorest countries in the world. The main objective is to show, that well managed transition is not just a question of Southern Europe or South America and can be find also in Africa. The essay deals with postindependence Mozambique, non-democratic regime, transition to democracy and consolidation of democratic system.
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Soviet Policy in Latin America in the years 1917-1970: The Case of Chile
Zourek, Michal ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
The author of this thesis analyzes the dynamics of relations between the Soviet Union and Latin America, with particular attention given to the case of Chile. The paper is focused on the time period between 1917 and 1970, years which are marked by the Russian Revolution and the commencement of Salvador Allende's term in office as the President of Chile. The main axis of the thesis is connected with the genesis of the political left, especially Communism, as an extremely strong bond between these two distant regions. In the first part of the thesis, which focuses on the time period until 1948, the author addresses the Soviet Union's penetration into Latin America and at the same time talks about the development of the Communist Party in Chile at that time. The second part of the thesis analyzes post-war development in the region of Latin American and its relations with the Soviet Union in the light of the transformation of the Soviet Doctrine. The case of Chile exemplifies the Doctrine's particular impacts. The paper also takes notice of specific international factors, which have aided (the Russian Revolution, the politics of the Popular Front) or conversely hampered (US influence, the atmosphere of the Cold War) the penetration of the Soviet Union into the political life of Latin America and Chile.
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Maoist insurgency. A comparison of two Maoist movements in the two third world countries: Maoists in Nepal, and the Shining Path in Peru
Schwanková, Zuzana ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
The main objective of this work is to contribute to understanding of the origin and activities of two Maoist movements in the Third World countries - the Shining Path of Peru and the Communist Party of Nepal - Maoist. The principal question of this thesis that I try to answer is: What were the causes of political success and failure of these two movements? Or to put it in another way - How did the Nepal Maoist manage to get to the Government and be the strongest parliamentary party while the rest of the Shining Path disappeared somewhere in the Peruvian jungle to become drug smugglers? To answer these questions I used a method of comparative analysis to describe some of the main characteristics of both movements. To understand both guerrilla insurrections it is necessary to analyze a historical background from which both movements emerged. There were striking similarities between the two Maoist parties. Both were born in the periphery, where people were suffering from tremendous poverty and discrimination. Both movements followed the Chinese Maoism; both used a violent revolution as the only way how to transform their societies into communist states; both put an emphasis on peasantry; both had charismatic leaders; same military strategy etc. In single chapters I describe the historical context of guerrilla...
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Changes in British Parliament in 1988-2008
Tyl, Lukáš ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Bureš, Jan (referee)
Political system in Great Britain underwent a significant change in the 1990s. Labour Party was the one responsible for the changes which it both initiated and pushed through. Devolution brought remarkable amount of decentralisation, which is likely to spread further in the following years. The Scottish nationalists, above all, will not give up they aim of independent Scotland in the future. British Parliament Upper Chamber reform, mainly the one taking place in 1999, was very intense. Some, even more intense, proposals were rejected. Judiciary reform that took place will do no harm to the House of Lords. It is improbable that the House of Lords will prevent further changes over next ten years. Just like it failed in the past 100 years in fact.
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Political parties and democratization in Venezuela after 1958
Buben, Radek ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor)
Při studiu demokratického režimu byl pro autora od počátku nejzajímavějším fenomén politických stran, ve Venezuele klíčového aktéra v politickém i společenském životě od konce 50. do poloviny 80. let. Fakt, že Acción Democrática patřila k nejsilnějším členům Socialistické Internacionály a spolu s indickým Národním kongresem k nejsilnějším politickým stranám na světě, fungujícím v situaci demokratického uspořádání, dovedl autora k snaze vysvětlit tento jev, tak řídký v nestabilním a excesivně dynamickém politickém prostředí Jižní Ameriky. Právě strany, jejich vzájemné vztahy a typ politického režimu jsou hlavním tématem této práce. Původní autorův záměr obsáhnout v ní široce i vývoj ropné politiky v zemi a snahy o snížení závislosti státu na ropné monokultuře, byly opuštěny mj. z důvodu rizika narušení koncepčně sevřenější studie, omezeného prostoru, ale také autorových intelektuálních limitů a obtížné dostupnosti moderní odborné literatury v českém kontextu. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Slovak Republic (1939-1945) in Typology of Non-Democratic Regimes
Zabuďková, Miriam ; Doubek, Vratislav (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
The purpose of this diploma thesis is to cathegorize the Slovak Republic (1938-1945) in the non-democratic regimes typology, primarily with regard to theories of Fascism and regimes in the "grey zone" between Fascism and Authoritarianism. The thesis explains the dynamics of Fascisation in Europe in the mid-war period, and places the Slovak Republic to this context of "the Fascist era". In the practical part, it will be dealt with divisions of the regime internally and in the Hlinka's Slovak People's Party. Based on this, the Slovak regime will be defined as Parafascist. Keywords Fascism; (First) Slovak Republic; Slovak State; Hlinka's Slovak People's Party; Para- Fascism; Hlinka Guard; Jozef Tiso; Alexander Mach
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Negotiations and processes of dividing of the Czechoslovak Federation
Vodsloň, Ondřej ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
Themes of this thesis are negotiations and processes leading to the division of Czechoslovak federation. At the beginning this work describes common history of Czechoslovakia till the year 1989. This part of the thesis is primarily focused on problems and common issues of both nations present in Czechoslovakia. There is also brief analysis of national policy towards other nations. Second part of the beginning is dealing with the political history of Czechoslovakia between November 1989 and June 1992. This part describes in detail the biggest difficulties both nations had to solve. Special attention is paid to the "dash-war", dispute about competence between republics and federation, negotiations about state agreement and constitutions. From the opening analysis results, that till the election in June 1992 was achieving a compromise between both nations difficult but still possible. Next part of this thesis describes its main theme, the negotiations between political elites of ODS and HZDS, rule parties elected in the year 1992. In this detail interpretation of conferences is revealed role of each of the main politicians involved in the process of the partition, starting with problematic role of Václav Havel, who unwillingly but significantly contributed to the division, continuing with uncompromising...
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