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Mineral composition of agricultural soils developed on loess
Žigová, Anna ; Šťastný, Martin
The study is focused on the comparison of mineral composition of different soil types formed on loess. The soil types were classified according to the World reference base for soil resources. Samples were collected from individual soil horizons. Basic soil properties such as the particle-size distribution, pH values, CaCO3 contents, base saturation, cation exchange capacity, soil organic carbon and nitrogen were analysed using routine pedological methods. Mineral composition was evaluated on the basis of XRD analyses of the fraction < 0.001 mm. Semiquantitative mineral composition was calculated from the areas of basal peaks. The studied soils were found to be dominated by quartz, kaolinite and illite. Semiquantitative analyses of mineral composition of the Greyic Phaeozem, Haplic Chernozem and Haplic Luvisol revealed differences in the association and proportion of individual minerals.
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Changes in chemical composition of surface water at the model catchment Lesni potok during the spring snowmelt 2009
Navrátil, Tomáš ; Dobešová, Irena ; Rohovec, Jan ; Buchtová, Jana
Changes of surface water chemistry during the spring snowmelt were evaluated at the forested experimental catchment Lesni Potok found in National Reservation Area Voděradské bučiny. The pH value of surface waters decreased and together with high discharge it launched changes of solutes concentrations. As a good indicator of groundwater in the discharge were evaluated concentrations of Si and isotopic signature of 18O-H2O. The concentration of the main anion SO42- in waters of Lesni potok oscillated during the spring snowmelt in dependence of ratio between melting snow, soil solution, precipitation and groundwater. During the period of increased penetration of surface soil horizons with the water from melting snow causing the increase of DOC concentrations. Concentrations of DOC determined the export of total Fe. Concentrations of Al with DOC did not correlate because the driving factor on concentrations of Al at Lesni Potok is the surface water pH. Concentrations of NO3- were rapidly decreasing during the snowmelt and at the end of this episodic event NO3- concentrations were trivial due to the rapid flushing of soil horizons.
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