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Artists and resilience
Lorencová, Tatiana ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
This master thesis offers a comparison of the characteristics of resilience, concrete hardiness, Sense of Coherence, and traits of creativity between a population of artists (composers) and a normal population. Along with it, it considers the possibility that higher creativity may correlate with higher resilience. The thesis is questioning the opinion of majority, that artists are weaker than normal population, when facing stressful event. The research shows, that artists are equal with normal population in resilience, and even stronger in characteristics of the "challenge" in concept of hardiness. The research also proves the correlation of resilience with some elements of creativity.
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Psychological aspects of victimization
Velikovská, Martina ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor)
The thesis deals with still more discussed issue of crime victims and their victimization. Consideration is given to victim herself, to her status in our society and to the role, which during the crime scene plays. Special emphasize is placed on the victim in terms of the process of abusing the victim and of the trauma in which such treatment results. The whole problematic is replenished with numerus experience from the police practice. In an effort to prevent from victimization, the section is attached dealing with possible ways of solving traumatic situations, i.e. prevention of this phenomenon. Final part of the thesis consists of factual cases, which helps to document the whole problematic matter contained in the thesis.
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Crissis as a reflection of personal values, or the structure of semantic space in area of crisis situations in Buddhists, Christians and atheists
Klouda, Martin ; Bahbouh, Radvan (referee) ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor)
The aim of the paper is to explore the relationship between spiritual orientation and attitudes towards stressful life experiences and emotional manifestations of crises. The theoretical part of the work surveys a wide range of crisis issues and stressful life experiences. Furthermore, it contains a description of how spirituality issues are dealt with in contemporary psychology. The rest of the theoretical part of the work is devoted to delineating various attitudes towards crises and stressful life experiences as depending on different spiritual orientations - those of Buddhists, Christians and atheists. In this part of the paper, I worked with original canonical texts of both the religions - the Bible and Tipitaka. Finally, the theoretical part includes the approach of contemporary psychology towards the questions of stress coping and attitudes. The empirical part of the work first defines the survey research questions. The following parts of the work define the concepts applied in the survey and describe the course of the survey. In order to measure differences among the three studied groups of people of different spiritual orientations - Buddhists, Christians and atheists I used Osgood's, Suci's and Tanenbaum's semantic differential method. The results of the survey in which 84 respondents took part...
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The psyche of women during their maternity leave
Hlaváčková, Marie ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
The aim of my thesis was to try to describe changes in perception that occur to women taking the parent role and accession to maternity leave. In the theoretical part, therefore, I first deal with the concept of motherhood in general, as well as changes in the psyche of a woman from pregnancy to baby and toddler age of children. Individual chapters are devoted to childbirth as a major event for the development of relationship with the child and the puerperium. In the empirical part of the work I am looking for different areas in which change in experience is reflected and context of these changes with other variables. The research was conducted in form of a questionnaire, the sample 71 women who spend their maternity or parental leave with her first child responded. These women showed a significant increase in responsibility, caring and a sense of fear, then increased feeling of happiness and life fulfilment as well as overall satisfaction. In contrast decrease was recorded in the possibility of selfdevelopment and communications possibilities of these women. For other items there was not seen a significant increase or decrease. When searching for the relationship between women's feelings and other variables was found non-linear relationship of certain items on the length of time spent by women on maternity...
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The impact of premarital cohabitation on marital stability
Weissmannová, Lada ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
Th i s s t u d y e x ami n e s t h e r e l a t i o n s h i p b e twe e n p r ema r i t a l c o h a b i t a t i o n a n d t h e s t a b i l i t y o f s u b s e q u e n t ma r r i a g e . Th e c o n c e p t o f s t a b i l i t y h a s b e e n d r awn f r om a n a n a l y s i s o f d i v e r s e l i t e r a r y s o u r c e s , wh i l e t h e d e f i n i t i o n o f ma r i t a l s t a b i l i t y i s t a k e n f r om Ca r y l Ru s b u l t ' s I n v e s tme n t Mo d e l . He r I n v e s tme n t Mo d e l S c a l e h a s b e e n u s e d f o r me a s u r i n g d e g r e e o f ma r i t a l s t a b i l i t y. Th i s q u a n t i t a t i v e s t u d y i s b a s e d o n d a t a f r om a s amp l e o f 8 1 r e s p o n d e n t s . S t a t i s t i c a l a n a l ys e s h a v e n o t s h own a n y s i g n i f i c a n t r e l a t i o n s h i p b e twe e n p r ema r i t a l c o h a b i t a t i o n a n d s u b s e q u e n t ma r i t a l s t a b i l i t y . An i n d i c a t i o n d i d a p p e a r , h owe v e r , t h a t n o n c o h a b i t o r s h a v e s l i g h t l y h i g h e r v a l u e s o f ma r i t a l s t a b i l i t y t h a n c o h a b i t o r s . T h e d i f f e r e n c e i n v a l u e s o b s e r v e d b e twe e n t h e two g r o u p s wa s s l i g h t l y u n d e r t h e b o r d e r l i n e o f s t a t i s t i c a l...
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Psychological aspects of staying at foreign culture
Kučerová, Eliška ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Morgensternová, Monika (advisor)
This master thesis is focused on the psychological aspects of the reentry to the home culture from the studying programme LLP - Erasmus. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the reentry from Erasmus is seen as a complex phenomenon which consists of cognitive, affective and behavioral processes. The attention is mostly dedicated to the psychological problems of the reverse culture shock. In the theretical part, there is also introduced a concrete design of the reentry training because the reentry training seems to be really helpful for a successful students's readaptation. The empirical part of the thesis constists of the quantitative and qualitative study and investigates the psychological aspects of the reentry period of the individuals who study at the Faculty of Arts at the Charles University in Prague and who attended LLP - Erasmus in the academic year 2007/2008. 103 students participated on the quantitaive study and they were tested if their sex, age and the duration of the foreign sojourn influence a degree of the reverse culture shock and the duration of the readaptation which is needed for coping with the readaptation problems. It was found that sex and age do not influence both a degree of reverse culture shock and the duration of the readaptation. The qualitative study continues on the...
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Suicidal process in adult population
Komadová, Katarína ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Baudiš, Pavel (referee)
Suicidálny proces je komplexný fenomén vyskytujúci sa v roznych variantách. Vzniká na podklade životných udalostí, psychickej poruchy, dlhodobej vulnerability jedinca k suicidálnemu správaniu alebo ich kombinácie. V prípade, že na počiatku suicidálneho procesu stojí životná udalosť, k rozvoju suicidálneho procesu dochádza vtedy, ak ju jedinec subjektívne hodnotí ako významnú, nezlučiteľnú s pokračovaním v živote a nenachádza z nej riešenie. Suicidálnemu jednaniu nemusia vždy suicidálne myšlienky predchádzať. K rozhodnutiu k realizácii suicidálneho aktu može človek dojsť buď v období predchádzajúcom suicidálnemu jednaniu a ďalej sa k nemu odhodlávať alebo čakať na výsledok situácie, ktorú hodnotí ako neúnosnú alebo k nemu može dojsť až v čase tesne pred suicidálnym jednaním. V takomto prípade jedná následne po spúšťacom podnete. Tento typ je charakteristický pre skratkovité suicidálne akty, avšak može sa vyskytnúť i u osob, ktoré nad suicidálnym jednaním uvažovali už v období predtým alebo mali predstavy o úniku zo situácie prežívanej ako neznesiteľnej. Iným typom suicidálneho procesu je postupné zúženie v oblasti afektov, percepcie, kognícií a hodnot. K suicidálnemu jednaniu dochádza, ak sa jedinec nachádza v situácii, ktorú vníma ako neznesiteľnú alebo neriešiteľnú, ak sa nachádza v stave zúženia,...
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Personal growth of the SUR psychotherapist training participants
Pavelková, Kateřina ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis investigates effects of long-term SUR therapist training on its participants' personalities. In theoretical part of the thesis the author defines SUR psychotherapy system, describes its theoretical background and nowadays representation of the training system. She surveys knowledge about personality and its growth. Dynamic psychotherapy as a theoretical source of SUR is described as well. She elaborates specific means used in training process that directly influence personality of the participants. She also investigates personality traits of therapist that determine success of the therapy. Practical part of the thesis describes longitudinal sudy of participants undergoing 5-years training in SUR therapy. She studies personal growth of the participants and compares it to general population that have not undergone such a training. Research methods and research findings are described in detail. In the conclusion she discuses her findings and proposes new directions for research in this area.
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The psychological relations between perception of one's own voice and selfconcept
Sýkorová, Šárka ; Štětovská, Iva (referee) ; Šípek, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis deals with psychological aspects of human voice. It presents basic qualities of voice, anatomy and physiology of human voice and its development in ontogenesis. It offers a psychosomatic approach to voice and voice disorders, speaks about voice as a medium of self-presentation. It poits to relations of voice to selfconcept and offers some basic facts about selfconcept. The aim of the study was to explore whether there are some relations between perception of one's own voice and selfconcept in social interactions. Our results gave support to this relations.
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Systemic psychotherapy in theory and practice on becoming a psychotherapist
Novotná, Nora ; Junková, Vendula (referee) ; Štětovská, Iva (advisor)
The thesis investigates the process of becoming a psychotherapist in the context of systemic therapy. It outlines philosophical and psychotherapeutic roots of the systemic approach, emphasizing postmodern thinking, in particular poststructuralism, radical and social constructivism and modern biological gnoseology. The work discusses theoretical foundations as well as practical applications of the teaching of the Prague Institute for Systemic Therapy (IST). It covers five main lines of thoughts in systemic thinking - the Milan school of family therapy, strategic therapy by Milton Erickson, brief solution-focused therapy (BSFT), Hamburg school and the narrative approach. The work focuses on defining and delineating the role of the therapist and the client, and their cooperation in the therapeutic dialogue. It emphasizes therapist's self-reflection during the therapeutic process as the primary way of influencing the client, and it discusses models which make the self-reflection more efficient. The art of dialogue is presented as the fundamental skill of a systemic therapist. Last but not least, the work covers an important area of systemic ethics and supervision. The empirical part of the work investigates, using the qualitative based interview, the process of becoming a therapist on a sample of 19...
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