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Gradual Molecular Changes in Primary Porcine Cells Expressing Mutated Huntingtin
Šmatlíková, Petra ; Motlík, Jan (advisor) ; Trejbalová, Kateřina (referee) ; Reiniš, Milan (referee)
Huntington's disease (HD) is inherited fatal disorder caused by CAG triplet expansions in the huntingtin gene resulting in the expression of mutated huntingtin protein (mtHtt). The main symptoms of HD are neurodegeneration, osteoporosis, testicular degeneration, loss of muscle tissue and heart muscle malfunction, weight loss, metabolic changes, and sleeping disturbances. Since huntingtin protein (Htt) has a role in several biological processes, many molecular mechanisms, like oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA-damage, and others, are affected by mtHtt. However, its exact pathogenic mechanisms in HD are still not well understood. Transgenic minipig model of HD (TgHD) serves an opportunity to isolate unlimited number of primary cells and unlike primary cells obtained from HD patients, often in the late stages of the disease, the TgHD minipig model allows to monitor molecular changes occurring gradually with age and progression of the disease. Thus, TgHD minipig model and primary cells isolated from it play an important role in investigating and understanding the underlying mechanistic cause of HD. We focused on molecular and cellular changes in primary cells isolated from TgHD minipigs and their wild type (WT) controls at different ages (24, 36, and 48 months). In mesenchymal stem cells...
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Following the phenotype development of TgHD minipigs by invasive and noninvasive approach
Ellederová, Zdeňka ; Baxa, Monika ; Vidinská, Daniela ; Bohuslavová, Božena ; Vochozková, Petra ; Šmatlíková, Petra ; Klíma, Jiří ; Valeková, Ivona ; Ardan, Taras ; Juhás, Štefan ; Juhásová, Jana ; Konvalinková, R. ; Klempíř, J. ; Pokorný, M. ; Krupička, R. ; Kauler, J. ; Hansíková, H. ; Motlík, Jan
Recent promising treatments for Huntington’s disease (HD) may require pre-clinical testing in large animals. In 2009, we generated HD transgenic (TgHD) minipigs with one copy encoding the N-terminal part (548 aa) of human huntingtin (HTT) with 124 CAG/CAA repeats integrated into chromosome 1 q24-q25. The successful germ line transmission occurred through four successive generations.
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Double strand DNA breaks response in Huntington´s disease transgenic minipigs
Vaškovičová, Michaela ; Šmatlíková, Petra ; Herbert, A. ; Motlík, Jan ; Šolc, Petr
Huntington’s disease (HD) is progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by presence of CAG expansion in the huntingtin gene, which gives rise to mutated form of huntingtin protein (mHtt). There is a strong evidence that DNA damage response is compromised by presence of mHtt in cells and increase of double strand DNA breaks (DSBs) is an early event in HD pathology. It was shown, that level of γH2AX is significantly higher in R6/2 mice compared to wild-type animals. Moreover, level of γH2AX is higher also in striatal neurons and fibroblasts of human HD patients. Furthermore, protein p53, key player in DNA damage response, is hyperactivated in cells expressing mHtt and inhibition of p53 or ATM ameliorates phenotypes of HD animal models. However, exact mechanism of mHtt action is not clear and therefore further investigation of mHtt effects on DSBs response is very important for the understanding of HD pathology.
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Oxidative stress in primary porcine fibroblasts expressing mutated huntingtin
Šmatlíková, Petra ; Askeland, G. ; Vaškovičová, Michaela ; Klíma, Jiří ; Motlík, Jan ; Eide, L. ; Ellederová, Zdeňka
Molecular events, such as protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and transcriptional dysregulation have been linked to Huntington’s disease (HD) pathogenesis. Oxidative stress has been considered as one of the key players in disease progression. Though, it is still not clear whether oxidative stress causes HD, or if it is a consequence of other primary events.
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