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Characterization of separation systems for determination of enantiomers
Geryk, Radim ; Tesařová, Eva (advisor) ; Ševčík, Juraj (referee) ; Nováková, Lucie (referee)
(EN) The dissertation thesis is focused on the research and characterization of retention and enantiorecognition mechanisms of chiral stationary phases based on derivatized polysaccharides. The separation systems with a variety of modern stationary phases (both achiral and chiral) were characterized in detail to provide a comprehensive view of the interactions participating in the separation process. The study of the retention/separation behavior significantly facilitates the development and the optimization of new enantioselective methods for a wide variety of compounds. The work deals with the comparison of enantioselective performance of polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. The objectives are to show the differences of separation behavior among these chiral stationary phases, as they differ by the nature of the polysaccharide backbone (amylose versus cellulose), by binding of chiral polymer to silica support (coated versus immobilized stationary phase) and by the phenyl moiety in the reversed and normal phase HPLC. In both separation modes amylose-based chiral stationary phases exhibited higher enantioselectivity, especially for acidic and bifunctional analytes. Chiral stationary phases based on derivatized cellulose showed higher enantiodiscrimination potential for basic analytes....
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Occupational safety and health protection
Ševčík, Jakub ; Štefko, Martin (advisor) ; Hůrka, Petr (referee)
Occupational safety and health - summary The purpose of my study is to analyse legislation of occupational safety and health in Czech republic, which represents a set of measures aimed at reducing, or totally eliminating, the risks endangering lives and health of staff. The reason for my research is importance of that area, good working conditions are crucial for keeping high productivity and pleasant atmosphere at work. The text is composed of five chapters: Chapter One defines basic terminology used in the thesis, the chapter is subdivided into three parts. Part One defines "occupational safety and health" as complex and explains its mora; and economic importace. Part Two deals with definition of "health", Part Three defines "dependent work", which is very important to determine field of that legislation Chapter Two concentrates on historical development of occupational safety and health in Czech legislation. Chapter Three concentrates on international organizations in that area because of its major influence for national legislation, including the most important documents. Chapter is subdivided into four parts focused on International Labour Organisation, Council of Europe, World Health Organisation and European Union (in the European Union, member states have enforcing authorities to ensure that the...
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Parametric regression models in survival analysis
Otava, Martin ; Komárek, Arnošt (advisor) ; Ševčík, Jaroslav (referee)
Na'/cv prace: Paraniot.ricke regiesiri modely v analv'/e pfezitf Autor: Martin Otava Katedra (li.stav): Katedra pravdepoiiolmosti a niatcmatitke statistiky Vedouci bakalafske prace: Mgr. Amost Komarek, Ph.D. (j-inail vedonciho: komaiek( >karlin.mli.cuni.c /, Abst.rakl: \ pfcdlo/.ene. praci studujcme panunetricke re^resni modely v ana- lyze pre/.ili. Skrze pojem cen/orovani se se/namfme s podst.alou analy/.y pixv.iti a zavudrme si zakladnf pojiiiy ir/ivanr v souvislo^ti s ui. Uka'/niK1 si tvurbu vlicxlnc'lio rc^rcsni'lio inodcln a zpiiwoby odliadti paranictru s diua/,cni na inotixhi inaxiinalni vrrohodnosTi spolrriu"' s itcrarniini nu'l.odaini pro ... vyrt'seni. Vysvrtlnnr si vv'/nani iialiodiu'' chyliy inefriii. Die1 jcjilio roxdrlcni pak vyLvoriiuc nckolik ni/nycli pai'a.iiHit.i1itikycli niodrlu pro odhad li\i.s(oly etiyu do sclhani. Srovnanir inodcly s neparamctrirkym odliadnn, ktdiy nain poimizc ... i t . /da na.s model odpovi'da ri'aliTr. CV-lou [iraci bude provaxcT ihi- ,stra,ce na skiilcrnycli dal(irh slouxicf jako nkii/ka fuii^cjvani metody v pra.xi. KliVova slova: Analv/a prc/iti. iJarainrtrickr inodcly. Title: Accclcralfd iailurc t.inn1 models in survival analysis Ant hor: Mart in Otava Dqiart.nieiit.: Depart.mcnl of Proba.bilit.y a.nd Mat lunnatical St.atisl.ics Supervisor: Mgv. Arnost Komarck,...
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Chromatograhic characterization of chiral and achiral separation systems
Kučerová, Gabriela ; Tesařová, Eva (advisor) ; Čabala, Radomír (referee) ; Ševčík, Juraj (referee)
Dissertation thesis is a 5-publications' collection concerning characterization and application potential of cyclodextrins, polysaccharides and macrocyclic antibiotics based chiral stationary phases. The effects of stationary phase and mobile phase are studied. This approach ensures the complex insight into separation systems studied. Systems with different nature of chiral selector were studied by HPLC. Namely, macrocyclic antibiotics and derivatized polysaccharides were used for experiments. Former ones provided better results for enantioseparation of non-coded amino acids than latter ones. Dynamic coating procedure was used for preparation of a new chiral stationary phase. Characterization of new cationic cyclodextrin based chiral stationary phase was performed. Linear free energy relationship method was used for characterization of two different separation systems, i.e. newly prepared stationary phase and commercially available stationary phase. Based on results obtained, newly prepared stationary phase showed better results for separation of different achiral groups of analysts. New stationary phase prepared by dynamic coating was compared with chromatographic system, in which the chiral selector was used as a mobile phase additive. The chiral selector used for the two different approaches was...
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Study of population specific alterations of breast cancer predisposition genes in Czech Republic.
Judasová, Kristýna ; Ševčík, Jan (advisor) ; Holá, Dana (referee)
Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant disease in the female population worldvide. About 10 % of all cases are of hereditary origin. The inactivation of tumor suppressor gene BRCA1 is the main genetic predisposing factor in breast cancer in the Czech Republic. Primarily, BRCA1 participates in DNA double strand break repair. Depending on cell cycle phase, the damage is repaired by homologous recombination or non-homologous end joining. Alternative splicing variants of BRCA1 are frequently detected during the genetic screening of high risk patients. The clinical significance of these variants is unknown. Understanding of the nature of breast cancer genetics is the critical factor for early diagnosis. Based on earlier studies from the Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University, two alternative splicing variants which were repeatedly detected in patients, were chosen for functional analysis. The aim of this work is to investigate the impact of alternative splicing variants BRCA1Δ5 and BRCA1Δ10 on DNA double strand breaks repair. Particular variants were over- expressed in the cells of model system. Activity of homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) was scored by in vitro DNA repair assay. The cellular localization of...
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Nano-fibers as a modern extraction sorbents for extraction of samples in chromatographic analysis
Raabová, Hedvika ; Šatínský, Dalibor (advisor) ; Ševčík, Juraj (referee) ; Ventura, Karel (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Training workplace Department of Analytical Chemistry Doctoral degree program Pharmaceutical Analysis Candidate Mgr. Hedvika Raabová Supervisor prof. RNDr. Dalibor Šatínský, Ph.D. Advisor assoc. prof. PharmDr. Lucie Chocholoušová Havlíková, Ph. D. Title of Doctoral Thesis Nanofibers as modern extraction sorbents for sample extraction in chromatographic analysis Extraction techniques represent one of the most common approaches to sample handling. The analytes of interest can be isolated easily even from complex matrices, especially by solid-phase extraction (SPE). Therefore, this technique became very popular and routinely used in laboratories. The variety of commercially available sorbents has made this method even more attractive. Nevertheless, the new sorbent materials are still looked for because of the broadening spectrum of analyzed substances and the increasing demands on selectivity and extraction efficiency. Nanomaterials have been increasingly associated with these properties over the last ten years. Therefore, they are receiving more and more attention related to extraction procedures. The dissertation thesis is focused on the application of nanofibrous polymers as innovative sorbents for solid-phase extraction. First, the...
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Advanced Separation Techniques and Data Processing in Capillary Electrophoresis
Ansorge, Martin ; Ušelová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Ševčík, Juraj (referee) ; Masár, Marián (referee)
Techniques of capillary electrophoresis are essential for both the quantitative and qualitative analysis of a large variety of compounds. They find application in many areas of chemistry, from pharmacological industry and food processing, up to highly specialized biotechnological laboratories. Over the last hundred years, their mathematical model has been described with precision. Thus, current research mainly aims for the development of more advanced and more specialized applications. During the greatest boom of affinity capillary electrophoresis within the nineties, many authors would describe similar phenomena under different names. The first part of this work focuses on the consolidation and unification of the problematics and terminology of this method. It also discusses the phenomena which can affect electromigration and separation during electrophoretic processes. We will focus on a specific subset of affinity capillary electrophoresis, partial filling capillary electrophoresis, which, to our knowledge, has not been fully theoretically explored yet, and present a mathematical model allowing the determination of complexation constants and state some limitations of this approach. The second part of this thesis focuses on the development and application of computer softwares, which are meant...
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