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Phasmids as a Model Group in Nature History Lessons
Libnarová, Helena ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
The thesis presented is a continuation of my bachelor thesis which engaged in the mimetic in nature. In the introductory part there are hypothesis whether Phasmatodea are appropriate didactic group that could be used in the biology and ecology classes, whether there are some easily bred species of Phasmatodea, which could be possibly recommended to scholar insectariums and whether school textbooks for elementary and high schools engage with breeding Phasmatodea and the topic of mimetic. These hypotheses are refuted or confirmed at the end of the thesis. The next part origins from detailed study of many species of Phasmatodea where there are specific species described with detailed information. The next part of the thesis is about breeding few kinds of this sort, the opportunities of beginning the breeding in school environment with advices from real practice, in which way it is possible to manage the insectarium and the breeding and whether Phasmatodea in general can be used as appropriate didactic group in biology and ecology classes. The following part is full of specific motifs of observing and tests in school, thus the didactic use is regarded especially for teachers of elementary and high schools. Both aforementioned parts of the thesis are accompanied by pictures and photographs - some of...
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Adaptation for Low Temperature Survival and Taxonomic Diversity of Invertebrates in a Snow Environment.
Babůrek, Jan ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Pavlíková, Anežka (referee)
Title: Adaptation for Low Temperature Survival and Taxonomic Diversity of Invertebrates in a Snow Environment. Abstract: This bachelor thesis represents a review of contemporary knowledge concerning cold hardiness and activity in a snow environment in invertebrates. The first part is focused on the influence of cold on the organisms and strategies of survival in cold environments. The following chapter represents a description of substances (e.g. ice nucleating agents, cryoprotectants, antifreeze proteins or water) participating in a level of cold hardiness. Diapause is mentioned as well, as it can influence cold hardiness. Moreover, adaptations to living in cold environment are discussed from an evolutionary point of view with emphasis on the specificity of survival strategies depending on the climate. The final chapter focuses on animal taxa which remain active in a snow environment. Organisms active in the winter environment of temperate climate as well as nival fauna of regions with permanent snow are included. This chapter also contains a list of invertebrate taxa occurring on snow cover with notes to their ecology and phenology. Key words: cold hardiness, cold adaptations, nival fauna, winter survival, invertebrate animals
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Internet Educational Atlas Focusing on Soil Arthropods
Dvořáková, Jana ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
The main objective of this thesis was to create an educational website aimed at soil arthropods. It can be used primarily by teachers of biology and ecology, lecturers of extracurricular science education or by the students who are interested in this issue. This photographic atlas of soil arthropods consists of my own micro images obtained by the use of light and scanning electron microscope. The micro images are accompanied by text to each group of soil arthropods, which is divided into sections containing information about the systematic classification, anatomy and morphology, biology and importance, eventually representatives of the group. The atlas is accompanied by other materials usable in the classroom, such as didactic test, didactic game and proposals for group work, worksheet, field and laboratory work or educational presentations focused on soil arthropods. These materials can be downloaded from the website, along with the entire atlas of soil arthropods. The atlas is available on the following address: https://sites.google.com/site/pudniclenovci/. The review of the literature deals with the importance of arthropods in the soil and their mutual interactions. Then I describe the methods of study of arthropods (sampling, sample preparation for light and scanning electron microscopy and...
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Comparison of Natural and Human-influenced Malacocenoses of the Krasíkov Village
Šiřinová, Veronika ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Podroužková, Štěpánka (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to compare natural and human-influenced malacocenoses in the vicinity of the villages Krasíkov and Domaslav in the district of Tachov, Czech Republic. Inventory research was conducted between 2012 and 2013. A total of 36 gastropod species were found, and a total of 1088 snail shells were collected. On some of the surveyed sites (the farm Krasíkov, Domaslav, the pond near Ovčí vrch) the influence of anthropic stress is evident. Four species found during this study are also listed in the Red List of Threatened Species of the Czech Republic (Aegopinella nitidula, Balea perversa, Ena montana, Vertigo pusilla). Based on the results of the research, two variants of the didactic use of a such malacological research were created in the teaching of natural science and biology. Keywords: Mollusca, Gastropoda, malacocenosis, species diversity, ecology of mollusk assemblages, Krasíkov.
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Periodic Water Bodies and Their Biota.
Bušová, Tereza ; Říhová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Škodová, Jana (referee)
This thesis is focused on a description of small periodic water bodies and their biota. These telms are formed as a result of heavy spring rains, floods, melting snow or the ground water level rising. They are formed on green parts, non-green parts or fallen parts of a plant (in that case they are called phytotelmes), in water-filled tree-holes (dendrotelmes), in fissures of rocks (lithotelms) or in various cavities, artificially created by human - in empty jars, water- filled tires, flower-holding vases in cemeteries etc. The thesis deals mainly with dendrotelmes and phytotelmes which are the most frequent, especially in tropics. It provides the information about their formation and animals that lives in these small habitats. Also, a taxonomical review of the main reported fauna was added for better orientation of the reader. The most common taxa which occur in temporary pools are families of mosquitoes (Culicidae), chironomids (Chironomidae) and ceratopogonids (Ceratopogonidae). There are also present other Dipteran larvae or larvae of scirtid beetles from the family Helodidae. Some of the animals living in the pools used different evolution strategies to be well adapted to deal with periodicity and drying out of the water bodies. Their overview is also included in this thesis. Furthermore,...
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Assessment of quality and efficiency of education by parents and children in the Pediatric Cardiocentre of Motol Faculty Hospital
Říhová, Dagmar ; Hlaváčová, Marie (advisor) ; Hausnerová, Jiřina (referee)
This thesis concentretes on educational issue. It points out the evaluation of quality and effectivity given by chidren hospitalized in the children's cardiocentre and by thein parents. Theoretical part characterizes basic aspects of education, personality and role the nurse carrying out the education as well as the personality of the educated person. Furthen on this thesis concentrates on on a term the quality of the nursing care. An information that is passed to children affer a correction and to their parents by nurses carring out the education were stated in another chapter. A questionnaire opportunity study was chosen for the empirical part.The questionnaire for parents and children was aimed at quality and effectivity of education. Individual records of the questionnaire were processed, analysed and evaluated in terms of given hypothesis. All hypotesis were confirmed. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Land snail shell degradation in forest environment
Říhová, Dagmar ; Horsák, Michal (referee) ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor)
Experimental shell degradation of nine common Central European pulmonate snail species in forest ecosystems in the Czech Republic was investigated. Model shells were deposited for 6, 12, 24 and 36 months in leaf litter of six different places; than removed, dried and photographed. Set of alternations was analysed by CANOCO 4.5 statistical system. Small species degrade different from large ones. Large species corrode outwards, after periostracum disruption the ostracum dissolves and holes appear. Small species corrode out from within, calcium carbonate dissolves and small windows arise. The shell degradation proceeds with different rate on various localities. Some localities have characteristic types of alteration, e.g. peat bog pine forest exhibits ostracum dissolution and periostracum deformation. The ultimate influence of the degradation is caused by pH value and humidity. Shell shape and size have effect on its degradation. Moreover, other important decomposition agents are living animals. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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