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The history of communication of Skoda Plzeň 1918-1945
Drechslerová, Terezie ; Zábrodská, Kristina (advisor) ; Vranka, Marek (referee)
The thesis describes the communication of the Škoda Plzeň brand between 1918 and 1945. During this period, Škoda was the largest industrial enterprise in Czechoslovakia and its products were equal to those offered by foreign competitors. The thesis covers the company's history from its foundation by Emil Škoda in 1869 up till 1945. This Bachelor's thesis also mentions the biggest personalities of the firm: Emil Škoda and Karel Loevenstein, the pioneer of modern management and promotional methods at the company. Furthermore, the thesis follows the Škoda company in the context of the society from the end of the First World War up till the beginning of World War II. The largest part of the thesis is a section that covers the company's communication, promotion and marketing strategies, especially during the first Czechoslovak Republic, because this period was - in terms not only of the progress of promotion - the most fruitful period for the company. This section comprehensively covers the company's values and policies with regard to promotion and focuses on describing the operations of the Press, Information and Promotion Department under the leadership of Josef Svátek and the key tasks of this department. The conclusion and result of the thesis is an overall evaluation and summary of Škoda's...
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Self-control: disentanling inhibition and initiation
Kucharský, Šimon ; Vranka, Marek (advisor) ; Lukavský, Jiří (referee)
Self-control is usually defined as a unit in a regulatory cycle process. As such, it can be used for inhibition of urgent need or overriding impulsive responses, but it can also mean that person can engage in a behavior which is aversive at the moment. Contemporary the most influential is strength model of self-control that envisages one general and limited source of energy for every act of self-control. According to this model, after depleting this energy, one's ability to control his or her behavior or thought is impaired, even in domains that does not relate to the cause of the depletion. However, there has been substantial criticism of this model recently - regarding theoretical implausibility, possible bias in literature (or even manipulated results) and also growing body of evidence that is not in line with the model. Because of that, there are attempts to alter or dismiss the model. One of the possible updates is distinguishing between two domains of self-control (inhibition and initiation). This thesis overviews body of recent findings about self-control and proposes experimental design which could serve to verify hypothesis of existence of two independent domain of self- control. Limits of this approach and suggestions for future research are also discussed. Keywords: Self-control, ego...
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Methodological innovations in psychological research
Frollová, Nikola ; Vranka, Marek (advisor) ; Fabianová, Ivana (referee)
The year 2012 opened an intense debate about the methodological problems of psychological research that lead to excessive publication of unreliable and nonreplicable results. The proposed improvements consist of conducting more replication studies, sharing data openly, limiting the "degrees of researcher freedom ", and improving the understanding and application of statistical methods for data analysis. This bachelor thesis aims to map the aforementioned problems, proposed solutions, as well as possible criticisms and problems with their implementation in practice. The research proposal consists of measuring the prevalence of questionable scientific practices among psychologists in Czech Republic.
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Interventions increasing happiness and life satisfaction
Kukulová, Petra ; Vranka, Marek (advisor) ; Komárek, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with the intervention strategies of positive psychology and how they affect our happiness and life satisfaction. The literary overview of the work defines the concept of happiness and mention the factors contributing towards its level. There are also evidence appropriate to question whether it is even possible to achieve long lasting positive change in the level of happiness. Another part deals already on intervention strategies. I've focused on mapping the working mechanism of these interventions. I mention factors that contribute to their effectiveness. At the end of the theoretical work I mention the critical reflection on researches to verify the effectiveness of intervention strategies and introduce most common pitfalls, typical for this type of studies. Draft of my research project is aimed at verifying the effectiveness of intervention strategy, "Three Good Things."
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The Clock Drawing Test: Normative data for Czech elderly
Mazancová, Adéla ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Vranka, Marek (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of limited normative data and its aim is to report the norms of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in a large sample of cognitively healthy Czech elderly (N = 501; aged 60 to 99). The CDT is a commonly used tool for screening of cognitive functions. We worked with the following version of test: clock drawing with pre- drawn circle and time setting 13.45 using three different scoring systems (Babins, Slater, Whitehead, & Chertkow, 2008; Cohen, Ricci, Kibby, & Edmonds, 2000; Shulman, Pushkar Gold, Cohen, & Zucchero, 1993). As a result, we found a significant effect of age and education, but non-significant effect of gender on CDT performance in old age. Therefore normative data was calculated considering those two demografical variables; the tables present means, standard deviations and t-scores based on defined subgroups. The results indicate that CDT performance of cognitively healthy elderly is negatively influenced by age, while directly proportional effect of education. Moreover it seems that the range of scores of the test grows with increasing age. Data collected in this thesis may be used for a more effective and standardized interpretation of CDT performance in old age in both clinical context and research. We also confirmed high inter-rater reliability...
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Gender schematization in self-description
Vranka, Marek ; Bahbouh, Radvan (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
This thesis critically analyzes some measures of masculinity and femininity. Special attention is paid primarily to a BSRI (Bem Sex-Role Inventory), which is the most widespread but completely invalid instrument for measuring gender identity. At the same time, there is presented an alternative approach to the topic of gender identity based on an application of statistical discriminant analysis technique to generally shared stereotypical evaluations of typical men and women. In empirical part, proposed approach is successfully tested in practice by creating an index of masculinity / femininity. Results of analyzes of relations between the determined gender identity and various other components of gender belief system (cognitive gender schematization, an explicit M / F and gender attitudes) suggest the validity of this approach. Between feminity (regardless of sex) and a measure of traditional gender attitudes has been found small but significant negative correlation (rs = -0.3). Keywords: masculinity, feminity, discriminant analysis, critique of BSRI
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Conservatism and liberalism - an outdated concept?
Pour, Marek ; Vranka, Marek (advisor) ; Lukavský, Jiří (referee)
Conservatism and liberalism in american psychological reasearch is mostly described as unidimensional scale which clearly divides ideology into two opposite ideological standpoints. However, current relevant studies show that unidimensional approach to study ideology is overly simplified. Linking ideological orientation and personal traits seem to bring about contradicting results. In a similar way, relevant psychological instruments for measuring conservatism seem to measure two relatively independent aspects of conservatism. It is apparent mostly from large population studies, that ideological orientation is more complex than it may appear. Specific agendas stemming from their respective ideological directions are for a large part of population relatively uncorrelated with their overall ideological self- identification. Multidimensional models of conservatism and liberalism using at least social and economic agenda therefore seem as a more useful way to describe political orientation for most of the population. Empirical part of the study proposes a partial replication of two relevant studies to test a thesis of similar multidimensionality of the left-right ideological orientation scale in czech population. This could at the same time provide a relevant american-czech comparison.
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Analysis of various factors on managerial decision-making
Vranka, Marek ; Pauknerová, Daniela (advisor) ; Kašparová, Eva (referee)
The thesis presents the current knowledge in the fields of psychology and behavioral economics concerning areas of research of dishonest behavior and of effects of alcohol on human decision making. These two areas of interest are then combined in a form of a laboratory experiment, which demonstrates that the effect of expectation of alcohol, not alcohol itself, leads to increased levels of cheating in comparison to a control group.
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Consideration of validity of the use of assessment centers
Vranka, Marek ; Kašparová, Eva (advisor) ; Pauknerová, Daniela (referee)
The presented Bachelor's Thesis deals with the development and application of the concept of assessment centers (AC), particularly in the context of employee selection. In accordance with stipulated objectives, the Thesis attempts to: 1. map the current methods of implementation of ACs in business organizations, 2. verify the effectiveness of using AC as a method of selection of employees and 3. summarize the results of recent studies on the AC and thus contribute to their introduction into practice. The work applies the methods of critical literature research and review of published studies. The Thesis is based on an extensive review of current analytical and meta-analytical sources from both U.S. and Europe. In conclusion, recent findings are summarized, and recommendations for the practical use of AC are made.
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