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The pension insurance system and aspects affecting its development with an emphasis on demographic changes
Remešová, Karolína ; Štangová, Věra (advisor) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
1 The pension insurance system and aspects affecting its development with an emphasis on demographic changes Abstract The diploma thesis deals with the description of the current pension insurance system in the Czech Republic and aims to evaluate the pension system on the basis of aspects that affect its development. Demographic development is a key factor influencing the system. The author describes the relevant demographic indicators and their development and presents conclusions resulting from the forecast of population development. In 2021, expenditures on social benefits accounted for 37% of all state budget expenditures, ie CZK 697 billion, of which almost 77% were expenditures on pension insurance benefits in the amount of CZK 536 billion. State budget revenues from compulsory social security premiums represent 41%, ie CZK 562 billion. As these data show, the Czech Republic will face a lack of funds in the future due to the expected aging population, and therefore the author presents possible scenarios in the diploma thesis, where the pension insurance system could develop in the future. A significant part of the diploma thesis is focused on the first pillar of the pension system, ie pension insurance, where the author describes all the concepts arising from the law. In addition to the old-age...
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Price and reimbursement regulation of medicinal products in the Czech Republic
Němeček, Ondřej ; Lang, Roman (advisor) ; Tomšej, Jakub (referee)
Price and reimbursement regulation of medicinal products in the Czech Republic Price and reimbursement regulation of medicinal products is an integral and important part of the public health insurance system. The aim of the thesis is to describe the methods of regulation in the Czech Republic, to evaluate some of its elements and to give real examples or experiences that are known to the author of the thesis from his work experience at the State Institute for Drug Control. Apart from outlining the issues in the introduction and evaluating them in the conclusion, the thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter defines the basic concepts that are necessary for understanding the mechanisms of price and reimbursement regulation of medicinal products. The second chapter focuses on the historical development of price and reimbursement regulation, or the situation before and after 2008, which can undoubtedly be considered the most important milestone so far, marking the transition to the current legislation, where the maximum price and the level of reimbursement conditions are set in an administrative procedure. The third chapter then discusses price regulation, its general background and the methods of setting the maximum price. The author also describes the standard course of administrative...
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Selected Labour Law Aspects of the Problematic Matters of Working from Home
Herrmann, Jan ; Tomšej, Jakub (advisor) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
Selected Labour Law Aspects of the Problematic Matters of Working from Home Abstract This diploma thesis analyses the most problematic aspects related to the institute of working from home. The identified aspects are: the costs incurred by the employee when working from home, the determination of the employee's place of residence as the place of performance of dependent work, the area of occupational health and safety and accidents arising from the performance of work from home, complications related to working hours in connection with the performance of work in the home office regime, issues related to the control of the employee working from home, the issue of equal treatment of all employees of the employer and the area of data and sensitive information protection in connection with the performance of work from home. The author focuses in his diploma thesis only on work from home performed remotely using digital technologies (also known as home office), not on manual work performed at home (so called homeworking). The aim was to determine whether the current legislation is functional and completely sufficient or whether the Labour Code needs to be amended for the proper functioning of the institute of working from home. For this reason, the diploma thesis presents a description of the current legal...
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The main principles of the development of pension insurance in the territory of today's Czech Republic from the end of the 19th century to the present
Hrdý, Milan ; Štefko, Martin (advisor) ; Fischerová, Iva (referee) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
The doctoral dissertation "The main principles of the development of pension insurance in the territory of today's Czech Republic from the end of the 19th century to the present" deals with the issue of the historical development of pension insurance in the territory of today's Czech Republic from the end of the nineteenth century to the present. The main principles of the development of the pension system in the given period were identified and the analysis was performed mainly in terms of the personal and material scope of insurance, insurance obligations and briefly also in terms of the organizational security of the pension system. This analysis was carried out in four selected periods, in the period before the establishment of the independent Czechoslovak Republic, in the period from 1918 to 1945, in the period from 1945 to 1992 and from 1993 to the present within the independent Czech Republic. At the end of the work, the relevant findings from this historical development were summarized and with their use the author's own proposal for the development of the pension insurance system in the Czech Republic in the future was presented. The stabilized material and personal scope of the pension insurance must be maintained, as well as high-quality of the procedural security, including a sophisticated...
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The procedure of health care provider non lege artis with respect to social security
Mikudová, Tereza ; Morávek, Jakub (advisor) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the procedure non lege artis and its consequences. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the possible impacts of the procedure non lege artis in particular in the field of social security law. For better orientation, the thesis is divided into two parts, with each part being further divided by two chapters, i.e. the thesis contains a total of four chapters. The first part of the thesis deals with the concept of lege artis And the consequences of the procedure non lege artis in the field of social security law, the second part deals with related issues, in particular it focuses on the legal aspects of the relationship between the patient and the provider of health services and the possible consequences of such a procedure in other legal levels. As a general introduction to the issue and to understand other contexts, the first chapter defines the term lege artis for it is the basic concept from which the further content of the work is derived. In this context, the author also reflects on the relationship lege artis and the Article 31 of the Charter of fundamental rights and freedoms of the Czech Republic. In the second chapter, the author points out the possible consequences of violating the procedure lege artis in the field of social security law, the consequences of...
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Sickness insurace benefits provided during pregnancy and maternity
Cermanová, Valerie ; Štangová, Věra (advisor) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
Sickness insurace benefits provided during pregnancy and maternity The diploma thesis analyses the sickness insurance benefits provided during pregnancy and maternity. The period of pregnancy and maternity is very demanding for a woman both economically, psychologically and physically. Social security law regulates material security to help mitigate in particular the economic impact of these social events. It is an important tool for encouraging an increase in the birth rate and thus has positive effects not only for the individuals directly concerned but for society as a whole. The thesis is composed of an introduction, a core, which consists of five parts, and a conclusion. The first part deals with the basics of social security and the most important moments of its history in relation to the topic of the thesis. The second part focuses on labour protection of women during pregnancy and maternity, which complements the material security regulated by social security law. The third part focuses on general issues of sickness insurance, including participation in sickness insurance, entitlement to benefits, its organisation, management and financing. The fourth chapter is devoted to individual sickness insurance benefits that are directly related to pregnancy and maternity. These benefits are...
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The Issue of Reimbursement and Price Regulation of Medicinal Products during Provision of Health Services
Elišáková, Gabriela ; Morávek, Jakub (advisor) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
The Issue of Reimbursement and Price Regulation of Medicinal Products during Provision of Health Services This master thesis deals with the price and reimbursement regulation of medicinal products in the Czech Republic and with selected problematic aspects of this field. The thesis describes and analyzes the issue in broader, especially economic, contexts and aims to give the reader a comprehensive view of the subject. The work itself is divided into nine chapters. The introductory chapter outlines the issue of prices of medicinal products in general and outlines healthcare reforms that have attempted to focus more or less successfully on problematic aspects of the field. The following chapter is devoted to explaining the terms that are key or somehow unclear to health or pharmaceutical law. The third chapter deals with an economic approach to regulation and aims to explain to readers why regulation by state authorities in modern society is in some cases important and in some cases even necessary. There are also described and explained the tools of regulation and at the conclusion of the chapter the economic approach is directly reflected in the situation of the market of medicinal products in the territory of the Czech Republic. The following chapter characterizes the actual entry of a particular...
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Overtimes and resulting entitlements
Chalupa, Jakub ; Morávek, Jakub (advisor) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of overtime work and consequent entitlements for employees. It also focuses on the working hours institute in general, as the basis for determining overtime. It deals not only with the limits and conditions of overtime work, but also with overtime in different working hours regimes as well as overtime work of specific groups of employees. The aim of the thesis is to summarize the Czech legislation of the overtime institute, while evaluating the jurisprudence dealing with this issue. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter outlines the historical development not only of overtime work itself, but also of working hours as an institute directly related to overtime. In view of the Czech Republic's membership in the European Union, there can not be omitted the view of overtime work in terms of EU legislation, where Directive 2003/88 / EC is the key rule governing working hours and overtime. The second chapter deals with the working hours institute and describes the different ways of its layout. It also summarizes night work and on-call time, the legal regulations of which make it problematic, and employees often come to a dispute with employer about the uncertainty of remuneration. The third chapter deals with the overtime work itself as the...
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Flexible forms of working hours
Knapp, Viktor ; Hůrka, Petr (advisor) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
- Flexible forms of working hours Flexibility is hotly debated term in the recent years and not only in a relation to labour market. This diploma thesis deals with flexible forms of working hours, which represents one of the means to achieve greater flexibility of labour law as well as flexible labour market. Increased options in adjusting working hours based on the needs of the subjects of labour-law relations contributes to more efficient use of employees work, provides new possibilities for some risk groups of employees on the labour market and helps employees in achieving work- life balance. These factors also have positive influence on unemployment rate. The thesis is divided into four chapters, which are further divided into subchapters. The first chapter introduces selected legal principles with the regards to the subject of the thesis. Main focus is on subsidiary relation between civil and labour law and "what is not forbidden, is allowed" principle, which is crucial for flexible forms of working hours, followed by an overview of selected basic principles of labour-law relations and introduction of flexicurity concept. The second chapter builds a foundation and much needed context for subsequent chapters by defining working hours and it's legal regulation on national as well as...
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