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The social role of the so-called Jugendweihe in the former GDR and after its demise
Němcová, Michaela ; Kunštát, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šmidrkal, Václav (referee)
The thesis focuses on a rite of passage called Jugendweihe, its origin, meaning and form in the former GDR and after its demise. Jugendweihe is placed in the context of confessional rites of passage and connected to the idea of humanism. Afterwards, history of this tradition and its development over the years will be presented. In order to understand the initial situation in the GDR, a chapter dealing with confessional politics of the SED is included. In the main part of the thesis, focus is on the political and social role of Jugendweihe in the GDR, as well as its form and development of popularity. This is followed by a chapter about the development of the ceremony after the revolution in 1989, where the same and different elements are described. Prerequisites for maintaining the continuity of the ceremony after the fall of the GDR are also outlined. Special emphasis is given on the transformation of the social role and form of Jugendweihe over the years in relation to the political situation and to the various reasons motivating participation in the ritual. The theoretical knowledge from the academic literature is supplemented with four interviews with participants of the Jugendweihe during the era of the communist regime that can be found in the attachment. In the interviews, emphasis was on...
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Green Party and its attitude to the German military mission in case of Afghanistan and Iraq
Schuster, Michael ; Handl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kunštát, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses the German Green Party and the changes it has undergone regarding the active involvement of the German army into a missions in abroad. The analysis describes the issue against the background of the conflicts in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq. The German Greens are a party whose roots go back to the peace movement of the 1970s, and the peaceful way of resolving the conflicts is one of the main pillars of the party. When the Green Party first came into government in Germany, it immediately needed to solve the issue of involvement in the conflict in Kosovo. Government took the attitude towards it that it is necessary to be actively involved in it. Just two years later, the government coalition of the Social Democrats and the Green Party dealt with participation in another military conflict, which was caused by the terrorist attack of 11th September 2001. Despite expressing solidarity with American politicians, Germany did not join the "wars on terror" in Afghanistan and in Iraq to the same extent as the conflict in Kosovo. The thesis uses the concept of Zivilmacht (civilian power), which examines how Germany corresponds to this model under the government of the red-green coalition. The aim of the work is to explain the reasons for the change in the position of the Green...
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The Sudeten German question in the Federal Assembly elections of 1990 and 1992
Kloučková, Klára ; Kunštát, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
The Sudeten German matter is a topic that repeatedly appears in Czech election campaigns. After the Velvet Revolution, the Sudeten German matter came to the forefront of social debates and became part of the election campaign. This paper examines how the various political parties worked with this issue in the run-up to the Federal Assembly elections in 1990 and 1992. For this purpose, a media analysis of selected periodicals was carried out for a month before the elections. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the different aspects of the Sudeten German question and the interested parties in the period under study. These aspects include mainly the historical dimension of Czech-German relations. The interested parties took different positions on these issues, which resulted in the conflict potential of the Sudeten German matter. The media analysis for 1990 did not show any significant use of the Sudeten German issue, with the exception of two left parties. For 1992, the results were already more convincing, also due to the larger number of available periodicals. The analysis shows that mainly left-wing parties and periodicals criticized government actions in the context of the approval of the Czechoslovak-German Treaty of Good Neighbourliness and Friendly Cooperation. They used emotional and...
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From outsiders to established powers? Role changes of political parties The Left and AfD in the new German lands on the example of Thüringen.
Větrovec, Petr ; Lizcová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kunštát, Miroslav (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with changes in the position of the Left and Alternative for Germany (AfD) political parties in the Thuringian state assembly. The two parties, which stand at opposite ends of the political spectrum, have a much larger voter base in the new federal states. While the AfD is marginalized by other parties in terms of political cooperation, the Left is already part of several state coalitions, it has twice won the state elections in Thuringia and since 2019 has led the minority government there with the support of the SPD and the Greens. The aim of the thesis is a comparative case study comparing the factors that are common to both parties and that enabled the Left to rule at the national level. At the same time, the work approximates the possible similarities between the two entities associated with the entry of the Left into regional parliaments and the promotion of its political program. Both political parties were or are in their own way close to political extremism, the forms of which, i.e. right-wing and left-wing extremism, the thesis also deals with, among other things, places them in the context of German history and explains the position of the AfD and the Left on this issue.
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Privatization of the housing stock of the new German Länder after 1990
Plhák, David ; Kunštát, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kučera, Rudolf (referee)
The thesis deals with privatisations of housing stock in the new federal states of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1990 to 2008. Aim of this thesis is to outline the development of privatisation processes and to assess their impact on the development of the housing stock. The thesis first outlines the political context of German reunification and the initial condition of the housing stock in the new Länder. First part of the thesis is dedicated to the "first wave" of privatisations, which were part of the transformation of the housing stock of new Länder into a market economy. This section outlines the legal framework of the privatisations and their course in the 1990s. Following section of this part elaborates on restitutions, which were part of the transformation-process as a specific form of privatisation of housing. The first part concludes with an assessment of the impact of privatisations on the development of the housing stock in the 1990s. The second part focuses on the "second wave" of privatisations of the municipal housing stock, which began at the turn of the millennium. The primary motivation of these privatisations was no longer the transformation of the housing market, but rather efforts to stabilise the budgetary situation of towns and municipalities. These privatisations took...
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The Process of Transformation of the National People's Army into the Bundeswehr
Kron, Jan ; Handl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kunštát, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis Liquidation or Integration? - the Process of Transformation of the NationalPeople's Army into the Bundeswehr deals with the process of integration of the two German armies after the demise of the bipolar system. German unification brought two diametrically diverging social and economic systems and two different armies together. Despite the ideological contrast between the National People's Army (NVA) and the Bundeswehr, the integration of the personnel of the NVA into the Bundeswehr and the extension of Bundeswehr's scope of activities on five new federal countries posed no major problems and contributed to the process of normalization of Germany's security policy. The way, intensity and velocity with which the German Democratic Republic merged on political and constitutional level with the Federal Republic of Germany became significant factors, which determined the integration of the NVA into the Bundeswehr. The term "Army of the Unity" ("Armee der Einheif') became the term used generally on Germany's political and medial scene for description of the united German army. The aim of the thesis is to analyze conditions, scope and legal provisions connected with the merger of both German armies and to answer the question whether the term "Army of Unity" is justified.
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RReconstruktion of Jewish Communities in the new Federal States of Germany - an Example of Free State of Saxony
Petrová, Eva ; Kunštát, Miroslav (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis " Reconstruction of Jewish communities in the new Federal States of Germany - an example of Free State of Saxony" is dealing with the situation of Jews and Jewish communities in the former GDR after 1990. The thesis shows on the example of Saxony the existence of Jewish communities under the GDR-regime, further how they managed to deal with the events of 1990 and faced new challenges and situations after the unification of Germany. The communities are gradually building their position in the society and they are trying to present themselves to the public through a number of activities, building synagogues and community centres and set up positive links with the non-Jewish population. The increased activities of the Jewish communities in the society are not perceived in a positive way only, the evidence of which is a brief chapter on rightist extremism in Saxony in the final part of the thesis. Due to the topical character of the theme the thesis brings also a few interviews with representatives of Jewish communities and Christian-Jewish communities and literature search of periodicals concerned with Jewish issues. The thesis presents an actual picture of Jewish community in Germany as it is perceived outside and inside the communities themselves and in such a way as it hasn't been presented...
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