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Changes of Czechoslovak Social Law in Years 1945 - 1956
Rákosník, Jakub ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Vojáček, Ladislav (referee) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
Dissertation: Abstract Jakub Rákosník: Changes of Czechoslovak Social Law in Years 1945 - 1956 The postwar popular democratic regime in Czechoslovakia was based on a strong social consensus which provided opportunity for leading political parties to realize extensive economic and social reforms. It was not only the nationalization of the economy (this task, in the case of large enterprises controlling two thirds of the Czechoslovak labor force, had already been finished before the communist coup d'état in February 1948), but also generous reform of social insurance towards the universal welfare state protecting all citizens and not only those insured. This program was inspired on the one hand by the long domestic tradition of social policy and also by the new postwar British reform made by the program of William Beveridge on the other hand. The dissertation is concerned especially with the analysis of continuity of social law. The structure of the welfare state in particular countries is a considerably lasting matter of fact. Even though the governments of various ideological orientation permanently carry out partial reforms of individual fields of welfare policy, the general range of expenses and the system of relations in between particular branches of the welfare policy embody a great extent of...
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Some aspects of legal regulations of waste management in Czechoslovakia 1945 - 1992
Bucharová, Jiřina ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
Resumé Thesis: Some aspects of legal regulations of waste management in Czechoslovakia - 1945 - 1992 This thesis deals with some aspects of legal regulations of waste management in Czechoslovakia in years 1945 - 1992. Legal regulations of waste management are introduced in wider framework of the environmental law. The development of this legal branch is mentioned in the researched years. The thesis describes some legal regulations of waste management and public administration - institutional securing of the branch relating to the environment - especially in the branch of waste management sector. Some aspects of legal regulation of waste management are described, technical or technological aspects are referred only demonstratively and in urgent need. This thesis is especially focused on the legal regulations of waste recovery (so-called collectable raw material or scrap metal) and also waste disposal (incineration and especially landfilling). A short comparison with contemporary legal regulations is given on appropriate sites (e.g. competence of the Czech Environmental Inspection). For this thesis relevant examples of real state of waste management are mentioned (in certain cases also in other branch closely relating to waste, also regulated by environmental law - e.g. waste-water treatment). The situation...
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Comparison of legal development after second world war in Republic of Czechoslovakia and in Yugoslavia
Mička, Josef ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee)
his thesis compares legal development in Yugoslavia and Republic of Czechoslovakia, focusing mainly, but not only, on acts concerning german minority. The reason for this comparation is that both countries faced at same time very similar issues and the main goal of this thesis is to point out different methods of dealing with those issues. Thesis starts with brief historical introduction on both countries. It main goal is to inform reader on formation of legal authorities in both countries capable of issuing legal acts. Than the thesis continues with main topic, comparison of several legal areas. Firstly it deals with topic of abortion of acts created by occupation administrations and abortion of rullings of this administrations. Second topic is citizenship of citizens of german nationality and the way both countries resolved the question of revocation of this citizenship. In this part, other nationalities, whose citizenship was also contested, are also mentioned. Third, and largest topic of the thesis is property law. Focusing mainly on confiscation or seizure of property of german (but not only german) minority. Subtopics in which comparison is being made in this chapter are: 1) persons and legal personalities subjected to seizure of property, 2) extent of property bieng seized, 3) trials in which...
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Constitutional development in England from the beginning until the 17th century
Kollárová, Zuzana ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
Constitutional Development in England from the beginning until the 17th century This thesis analyses the constitutional development and the evolution of the law and the society on the English territory from the formation of the first Anglo-Saxon kingdoms until the beginning of the 17th century. The aim of this work is to study the constitutional and legal development on the basis of historical events and thus offer an integrated interpretation and explanation of the issue. The thesis consists of eleven chronological chapters, in each of which the most important aspects of the constitutional development of the period are scrutinized. The emphasis is put on the most importan law heritage on the evolution of the law and law institutes, of the central as well as local state authorities and of the position and role of the sovereign/monarch in the given period. Particular attention is paid to the origin and the development of parliamentarism, its relation towards the monarch and their mutual interaction. The first chapter deals with the Anglo-Saxon period and the genesis of the origins of the legal development on the current English territory, with the arrival of Anglo-Saxon tribes and with the formation of the first political statehoods in this territory. The chapter focuses on the analysis of the most important...
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Philosophical, theoretical and practical aspects of the legal regulation of doping
Krysl, Josef ; Beran, Karel (advisor) ; Kuklík, Jan (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and criticise actual arrangement of Legal Regulation of doping, predict future development and offer diferent possible solution. This thesis is composed of five chapters. Chapter one is an introductory part and briefly describes problem of abusing performance enhancing substances in elite sport. Following part covers main definition of sport as activity and explain relation between sport and law as well as in 'sports rules' imposed by private organisations as World Anti-Doping Agency or Czech Anti-Doping Committee. The third chapter covers the history of doping, briefly explain the physical efects on human organism and define supportive social factors of doping. Part of third chapter is also exposing hidden danger of taking performance enhancing substances in amateur sport. The third part describes main elements of world antidoping regulation and show how world regulation infulences Czech Legal Regulation. I put emphasis on analysing the World Anti-Doping Code and principle of strict liability wich is based on. Fifth Chapter evaluates findings from fourth chapter and tries to find alternative of approach based on zero tolerance for performance enhancing substances, also this chapter identifies and articulates the principal rationales for the regulation of the doping,...
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Political Trials in 1950s
Cihla, Václav ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
1 Resumé Title of thesis: Political Trials in 1950s The purpose of my thesis is to describe the political trials in continuities. It means the evolution of political situation, evolution of legal order, political trials themselves, rehabilitation and the present view of the phenomenon of political trials. The thesis comprises of six chapters. Chapter One deals with comprehensive view of the political trials, but not only on the political trials themselves. It mainly focuses on legal order, evolution of the judiciary, the background of the political trials, methods used in creating political trials, types of political trials and influence on society. The chapter is subdivided into seven subchapters. These subchapters describe legal order, persecution, political trials (in general), types of political trials, activity of Soviet advisors, methods and the judiciary. Chapter Two deals with the concept of punishment, its application and execution. The chapter consists of three subchapters. Subchapter One focuses on criminal offenses and the types of punishments. Subchapter Two focuses on the capital punishment and Subchapter Three explains execution of punishment (capital punishment and custodial sentence). Chapter Three deals with the trial with Karel Kutlvašr. I would like to present the mechanism of the trial...
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Land Reforms in Czech Lands during the 20th century
Šebestová, Dana ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Adamová, Karolina (referee)
The topic of my thesis is Land Reforms in Czech Lands during the 20th century. The purpose of my thesis is to analyse evolution of stance of the state to land property through the laws only in territory of the Czech Republic during the 20th century. The reason for my research is find and discribe circumstances and conditions which affect decision of the state to change land property. My hypothesis is negative consequence realization the Land Reforms during the 20th century. The thesis is composed of five main chapters, each of them dealing with different periods of changes of land property. Chapter One is introductory and defines land as a subject of land property. The next chapters describe process of periods of Land Reforms, especially conditions of formation and consequences of realization the Land Reforms. Conclusions are drawn in individual chapters and my final opinion is at the end of my thesis. My hypothesis was confirmed especially in case of the Second Land Reform.
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Methods of Treating Bankruptcy in the Era of the First Republic
Pavlík, Jan ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
RESUMÉ WAYS OF THE SOLVING OF THE BANKRUPTCY IN THE "FIRST-REPULIC ERA" This work offers close look on the ways, in which bankruptcy was solved in Czechoslovakia between both World Wars. This period was very interesting from social and economic point of view. During this time was rise substituted by recession. Except from this, with the formation of the independent state a great normative effort was on the rise too. Problems of solution of bankruptcy in so called "first-republic era" are introduced by brief description of historical development, which is mentioned to remember some elementary legal institutes, on which the bankruptcy law is based up to these days. During the work on this text of lead experts of the period in this branch were critically compared in order to realize the positives and negatives of the then regulation in the view of the praxis due to their opinions and possible conflicts as well as the way, in which the juristic theory and normative might reacted on the practical problems and public meaning. Studying of the Explanatory memorandum for the bill of the Act No. 64/1931 Coll., on bankruptcy, composition and resistance, helped a lot in this effort. The analysis of this Act is the axis of the work. Both the mentioned Act and the former Austrian regulation were compared as well as the...
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Law for the Protection of the Republic (Republic Protection Act)
Malá, Jaroslava ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee)
The Protection of the Republic Act - Abstract / Key Words This thesis deals with The Protection of the Republic Act No. 50/1923 Coll. of the Acts and Regulations (Act) accepted at the beginning of the twenties of last century in responds to the assassination of the former Minister of Finance JUDr. Alois Rasin. Its purpose was to incorporate into the legal system criminal measurements to protect the newly founded Czechoslovakia and its constitutional officials especially all democratic principles on which this state was based but at the cost of restriction of some constituonally guarentted civil rights and freedoms. The aim of this thesis is to offer a detailed picture of the purpose and importance of the Act in the time of its creation; explain the reasons that led Svehla's cabinet and the coalition parties of the National Assembly to accept it; outline the difficult process of its approval; describe its content; some forms of its application in practice and assess whether the Act fulfilled its purpose. The thesis is divided into seven parts. The first chapter analyzes the causes of Act creation in the light of internal and foreign historical-political events. The initial moment is the creation of the Czechoslovak republic and the accepting of its first act the so-called receptional norm and the end of the...
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The political process with Dagmar Šimková and others
Blažek, Lukáš ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The theme of this dissertation is the "Political trial with Dagmar Šimková and others". The aim of my work was to deal with this case of a young condemned in a political trial, to observe it in a larger context and to describe in general an important period of Czechoslovakia history, the fifties and sixties of 20th century on this concrete example. In my work I dealt with four hypothesis. The first one was that the case of Dagmar Šimková as a part of a larger action called "Deserters" was provocated by States security. Second hypothesis was that there was no statewide organised spy group lead by Bohumil Klíma or anyone else whose Dagmar Šimková had been a member and that there were only many people who - in some cases - only knew each other and with no other intention helped two deserters to hide. The third hypothesis I set in my work was that the trial was a political one which fulfiled the main characteristics of a political trial. And the last hypothesis I worked with was that althoug Dagmar Šimková was sentenced in a political trial, she intentionally did an illegal activity she was sentenced for. However, her social dangerousness was not as big as it was described in the sentence. The disertation is divided into three main parts. In the first part, I tried to focus in general on the basis which...
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