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New challenges of terrorism: social-psychological study
Měchová, Simona ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mikšík, Oldřich (referee) ; Brzybohatý, Marian (referee)
Following text focuses on terrorism issues and it's new face. The author tries to cover the topic in it's complexity and significant connections and at the same time points out the simplified view on terrorism that society often adopts from the media presentation. The first part called "Terrorism as a social phenomenon" discribes differences between traditional and new terrorism, mentions historical roots of terrorism and it's evolution and also shows particular types of terrorism, it's techniques and methods used by terrorists. Text discribes the process of choosing particular type of the terrorist attack according to it's advantages. It can also help to understand the principles on which the terrorist group works and stands. Second part called "Psychological aspects of terrorism" wants to explain connections between behavior, acts, feelings and personal determination of terrorists, considering normality of their personality. Author analyses psychological determination of accepting terrorism as a method helping to deal with life reality; it takes a look at the manner of terrorist thinking, emotions and behavior, concerning his inclination to the extreme and it's psychological roots. Special focus is concerned on the Psychology of Suicidal Terrorism, Psychology of Hostage-Taking, Psychology of Justifying...
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Development of language acquisition
Votavová, Klára ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
Vývoj osvojování jazyka, tak zní název této diplomové práce. Prošli jsme si jím od úplného počátku a těžiště práce jsme našli v lexikálním vývoji, fascinující oblasti, která nás přibližuje k dětskému pojetí světa. K vývoji významů a pojmů, které se postupně spojují se slovy v řeči a dávají vzniknout tak spletité síti neomezených možností, jakou pro nás může vytvořit jen vlastní mateřský jazyk. V teoretické části jsme se zabývali principy osvojování slovní zásoby, hledali první známky slov a sledovali náhlý start nesmírně rychlého učení nových významů během období slovní exploze. Zastavili jsme se i u prvních vět, které tolik vypovídají o jedinečné dětské tvořivosti. Ještě před tím jsme se podrobněji věnovali rozličným metodám, které výzkum těchto jevů umožňují a teoretickým východiskům, které naše poznatky uspořádávají a ukotvují. Byli jsme svědky prelexikálního vývoje dětí a jejich sofistikovaných metod, kterými neustále analyzují řeč svých blízkých. Empirickou část jsme věnovali projektu adaptace lexikální části dotazníku CDI do českého jazyka. Dotazníku, který nám snad v budoucnu umožní doplňování a rozvíjení poznatků, kterými jsme se zabývali kapitolách části teoretické. V rámci analýzy dotazníku jsme učinili "položkový úklid" a pročistili první verzi od zbytečných slov. Sledovali jsme růst a vývoj...
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Psychological aspects of amniocentesis
Skutilová, Vladana ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor)
Genetical counselling represents complex activity with multidisciplinar overlap. Most of patients are pregnant women who usually pass amniotic fluid sampling. The aim of this diploma work is to describe these womens behaviour and feelings on the basis of chosen aspects. The text is divided into twelve chapters Theoretical part presents surveyed problems from two poits of view - psychological and medical. It describes indication to invasive prenatal nealth check, thereinafter it talks about most frequented chromosomal deficiency which can be exposed by karyotypisation. Further it talks about the doctor and patinet's realition and about aspects of genetical counselling as well as about ethical aspects of prenatal diagnostics. On the basis of questionaire results, empirical part presents feelings, behaviour and attitudes of women to prenatal health check within in process. Thereinafter it shows and verify which factors influence women's far of health check results.
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Psychosocial adaptation of people growing up in individual foster care
Homolka, Michal ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
Rigorous work was created as a partial project of longitudinal study "Protection of mental health of persons exposed to provable psychosocial risk in the childhood.u (IGA MZ ČR č.NF 55 79-3). The theme of rigorous work was psychosocial adaptation of 46 persons growed up in individua! foster care. In theoretical part I presented concept of resiliency that deals with conditions of successfull adaptation despite life risks. Theme of resiliency was filled in related concepts and put into relation with concept of risk and theory of deprivation. Extensively I presented three representative original concepts of resiliency. The problem of individua! foster care I put into context with characteristics of family and substitute family care. In practical part I described actual psychosocial adaptation of whole research group, differences between men and women and I compared two groups divided according to score of social adaptation researched in previous study in 1991-1994. I had to follow methodological procedure of whole research, but in spite of that I attempted to get information that testified existence of specific resiliencies althougt I could not prove their causality. From the results followed, that it is very homogenous and highly socially adaptated group representing unique chance to study resiliency....
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The analysis of two-year old child's playing interaction in his family background
Kubů, Miloslava ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Šírová, Eva (referee)
This rigorous thesis, "Playing Interactions of 2-Year-Old Child with His Family Members" (which is a part of grant's task number: 406101/0220, whose solver is Doc. PhDr. L. Sulova, CSc.) has two main parts. The theoretical part comprises four bigger chapters, the first one includes different aspects of the family theme, the second one deals with early child's interactions and relationships in his family, the third part focuses on toddler's development characteristics, the fourth part deals with child's play and playing interactions. Empirical part presents results of a research, which aim was to look into and compare (quantitatively and qualitatively) playing interactions of 2 year old child with his mother, father (possibly older sibling) in family. For the analysys of videorecording the computer program Y.I.P., which was developed for solving grant's task GA CR by Ing. T. Hrdlicka, was used. Some differences within single playing pairs and also within whole research group have emerged. The results are related only to the exploratory sample.
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Developmental indicators of reading and writing at the end of preschool age and etnering school: a contribution to the issue of "dyslexia risks"
Kucharská, Anna ; Vágnerová, Marie (advisor) ; Stuchlíková, Iva (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
This dissertation work is dealing with developmental markers of predictors of reading and writing among the children at the end of preschool age and at the beginning of school entry. Diagnostics of these predictors and intervention can reduce children's difficulties in the process of acquiring reading and writing abilities. First four chapters are theoretical. They describe general concepts of reading and writing. These school abilities are considered in relationship to the literacy development. Psychological nature of reading and writing and developmental predictors of their progress are also discussed. Current trends in early recognition of developmental deficits causing difficulties in acquiring reading and writing are introduced. Test rizika poruch čtení pro rané školáky (Test of risk of reading difficulties of children of early school age) is a method that can help to find children with future reading and writing difficulties and to provoke the need for an early intervention in the school environment. The first aim of the empirical part of this work was to create and standardize this screening method. It was confirmed that this method suits the requirements on diagnostic tools and that it is suitable for examination of the predictors of reading and writing at the time of school beginning. The aim of...
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Handicap in the context of ressilience
Iblová, Petra ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
Resilience je neopominutelmi zivotni realita, vsudypritomna v Bibli, v pohadkach a legendach vsech kultur. Ve francouzské psychologii se jedna o velmi aktualni a diskutovanou problematiku v poslednich sedmi letech. V anglosaském svete je znama o neco déle. V Ceské republice zustava resilience okrajovym tématem, predevsim z duvodu jazykové hariéry pramenu. Profesor Matejcek uvedl v roce 1998 tento koncept do ceské psychologie kratkym clankem v psychologickém casopise ,Ceskoslovenska psychologie", rocnik XLII, cislo 2, 1998, s. 97-105. Resilienci bychom mohli definovat spolecne s M. Rutterem jako:Zto : « Resilience je fenomén, ktery se objevuje u mladych jedincu, vyvijejicich se zdarne i pres to, ie proiili takovy stres, ktery pro beznou populaci pfedstavuje zavainé riziko negativnich dusledku. » v nasi rigor6zni praci bychom chteli prestavit tento koncept, jeho historii, definice a nektera prakticka vyuziti. Zamerili jsme se predevsim na studii resilience jedincu s pohybovym postizenim nasledkem urazu nebo nemoci. Teoricka cast rigor6zni prace ma za ukol predstavit historické pozadi a teoretické zaklady konceptu resilience, ospravedlnit zarazeni urazu a nemoci mezi zatezové situace a popsat mechanismy vyrovnavani se s temito situacemi. Dale se zabyva definicemi handicapu a podrobne se venuje psychologii...
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Emotionality of children who experienced domestic violence in their families
Benešová, Klára ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šírová, Eva (referee)
This thesis studies a specific population of children exposed to domestic violence. The theoretical part is focused on the impacts of domestic violence on emotionality and emotional development of children. It also deals with the problematic aspects of children's emotionality that are believed to be disturbed by this traumatizing experience. These particular areas were chosen based on present studies focused on the children exposed to domestic violence. The empirical part of the study was developed in cooperation with the Locika centre. It studies chosen aspects of children's emotionality in a quantitative and qualitative way. Particularly, it investigates the ability to distinguish emotions and the ability of emotion regulation within the overall cognitive development.
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The analysis of 24 month old child's playing interaction in his family background
Kubů, Miloslava ; Morgensternová, Monika (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
This diploma thesis, "The Analysis of 24 Month Old Chilďs Playing Interaction in His Family Background" (which is a part of granťs task number: 406/01/0220, whose solver is Doc. PhDr. L. Šulová, CSc.) has two main parts. The theoretical part comprises four bigger chapters, the first one includes different aspects of the family theme, the second one deals with early chilďs interactions and relationships in hi s family, the third part focuses on toddler' s development characteristics, the fourth part deals with chilďs play and playing interactions. Empirical part presents results of a research, which aim was to look into and compare (quantitatively and qualitatively) playing interactions of 2 year old child with his mother, father (possibly older sibling) in family. For the analysys of videorecording the computer program V.I.P., which was developed for solving grant's task GA ČR by Ing. T. Hrdlička, was used. Some differences within single playing pairs and also within whole research group have emerged. The results are related only to the exploratory sample.
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