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Bank regulatory standards and supervision: The impact on the of banks' efficiency
Kufnerová, Andrea ; Fišerová, Tereza (advisor) ; Havránková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis examines the bank efficiency and the impact of the regulatory and supervisory instruments on the efficiency of banks actively performing on the financial markets in the countries of European Union. Our analysis concerns 8-year time period, covering also the period of global financial crisis with the aim to determine possible changes in the relationship regulation versus efficiency. We apply SFA Fourier-flexible model for estimation of profit and cost efficiency scores. Consequently we use GLS panel data estimation in order to test for the regulatory determinants of efficiency, we have specified 6 various models with the focus on different regulatory instruments. Results firstly suggest that high cost efficiency does not necessarily imply high bank profit efficiency. Secondly, we uncovered the negative relation between market concentration, the level of development of financial market and the cost efficiency of foreign banks. Thirdly, we also found evidence supporting the assumption of positive impact of private monitoring and the independence of supervisory authority implying the increasing of transparency in the market. Additionally, we uncovered support for negative effect of activity and diversification restrictions. However, the results concerning the financial crisis period are...
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Trust in European and International Institutions – April/May 2023
Čadová, Naděžda
In April and May 2023 Public Opinion Research Centre included a block of questions connected to confidence in European Union and international institutions. Questions focused mainly on trust in European Union in general and its concrete authorities. In connection to international institutions respondents evaluated their trust in United Nations and North Atlantic Treaty Organisation.
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Czech Republic’s Membership in the European Union in the Public View – April/May 2023
Čadová, Naděžda
The press release presents some results of the April and May 2023 survey, which focused on Czech public opinion on EU membership. More than two-fifths (41%) of Czech citizens are satisfied with our country's EU membership, more than a fifth (21 %) are neither satisfied nor unsatisfied and more than a third (36 %) is unsatisfied.\nRespondents were also asked about their views on economic, political, cultural, defence, and ecological integration in the European Union.\n\nThe survey also focused on opinion to the level of integration of the EU and the role of the Czech Republic in this process. The part of this survey was also a question about the adoption of the euro.
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The impact of crises on differentiation and integration in the EU: COVID-19 and Ukraine
Běhunčík, Radek ; Martinková, Viera (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Martin (referee)
The European Union has had to deal with an increasing number of crises over the past 15 years. The future of its integration is thus increasingly dependent on concrete crisis responses. At the same time, the increasing heterogeneity of its members makes it more difficult to find compromise solutions, and integration often takes a differentiated path. This paper has attempted to answer the question of what is the impact of crises on the integration and differentiation of the European Union. It did so through an explanatory two-case study of the most recent emergencies - the COVID-19 crisis and the high energy price crisis linked to the war in Ukraine. To find the answer, a congruence analysis of the Union's crisis responses was conducted based on the models of Riddervold et al. The supply and demand theory of differentiation then explained the absence or presence of differentiation. The central data source was the European secondary legislation, frequently neglected by integration theorists. The analysis results find the crises' effects to be pro-integration in the given cases, here primarily in a uniform pattern. However, in the case of COVID-19, the thesis reveals shortcomings of the crisis response models used, pointing to the need for their conceptual reformulation. For a more comprehensive understanding...
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Europeanisation of gender equality in Eastern European countries: the case of Slovakia and Slovenia
Petrechová, Sára ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Menclová, Barbora (referee)
Gender equality has long been declared as one of the European Union's (EU) core values and priorities, and its importance is still emphasised today. EU Member States are expected to participate in and take action to promote gender equality. This thesis focuses on the analysis of the process of Europeanisation of gender equality agenda in two Central and Eastern European (CEE) member states, namely Slovenia and Slovakia. Slovenia has long been at the top of surveys on the state of gender equality. Slovenia is more active and successful in promoting and supporting gender equality compared to other EU Member States in the region, while Slovakia is at the other end of the ranking, facing stagnation and lack of progress in this area. The theoretical framework of the thesis is based on the new institutionalism, which allows to analyse the impact of institutions and institutional changes at the national level on the process of Europeanisation of gender policy. At the analytical level, the thesis applies a three-level framework of polity, politics, and policy, which examines institutional arrangements, political parties and their approach to gender equality, and legislative changes related to gender equality in both countries. The aim of the thesis is to identify factors that positively or negatively...
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NORTHERN EUROPE AND THE LOOMING RUSSIA: IS EUROPE (NOT) ENOUGH? Different approaches to a European integrated defence: the cases of Norway and Finland.
Bertoldini, Raul ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
RAUL BERTOLDINI MASTER'S THESIS ABSTRACT 08/2023 NORTHERN EUROPE AND THE LOOMING RUSSIA: IS EUROPE (NOT) ENOUGH? Different approaches to a European integrated defence: the cases of Norway and Finland This master's thesis investigates Finland and Norway's geopolitical landscape and security strategies amid Europe's evolving security environment. The research scrutinises how these Nordic nations have managed their relations with the European Union (EU), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and Russia, set against the backdrop of the Russian invasion of Ukraine and escalating tensions in the Arctic region. An in-depth analysis of historical contexts, paths to EU membership, and debates on NATO affiliation underscore the intricate balance these countries maintain in preserving their unique national identities and sovereignty while engaging with regional structures and alliances for security. The study illustrates how the Ukraine conflict prompted strategic realignments, with both Finland and Norway opting for closer ties with the EU and NATO to protect their sovereignty, yet they perceive the security guarantees offered by these two organisations differently. Ultimately, the thesis offers valuable insights into the adaptive and proactive strategies these countries employ in response to current...
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Impact of the international trade agreements between EU and African countries
Svoboda, Tomáš ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Mošovský, Jan (referee)
The international trade policy between the EU and African developing countries covers the negotiations of various agreements aiming to promote mutual trade flows. The goal seems to both exploit the economic potential and support local development, including poverty or inequality reduction. To gain the maximum utilization of the benefits of trade, agreements need to be optimized and set toward the right degree of integration. Therefore, this paper provides the ex-post analysis of trade agreements concluded during the period 1948-2021 to evaluate their impact on mutual trade volume. The Fixed effects and the Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimation methods are used in combination with two sets of dummy variables. The results reveal the negative impact of the EU-African agreements across all depth levels in comparison to the general arrangements. Furthermore, the African continent shows a relative trade reduction among agreements containing too few and too many integration ratios emphasizing the necessity of finding the right balance. Disaggregating the effect into the African regions, West Africa seems to be the worst-performing area thus far. Finally, we have found strong evidence of trade diversion questioning the positive welfare of African nations. According to our findings, the renegotiation...
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The European Union and gender inequality in the labour market
Košťálová, Bára ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Menclová, Barbora (referee)
Equality between men and women is one of the fundamental social issues addressed by states and organisations around the world, including the European Union. This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of gender equality in the labour market within the European Union and its legislation. Specifically, it works with binding and non-binding European Union legislation on this topic and describes its transposition in selected member states. This thesis first introduces key concepts such as gender and gender inequality within the work environment or the gender pay gap. Subsequently, the basic forms of European law are presented, as well as how it specifically addresses gender equality issues and what developments European legislation in this area has undergone. The thesis then outlines the binding and non-binding European legal acts that relate to this area and then assesses the adoption of this legislation in selected member states (Belgium, Czech Republic, Spain, Sweden) using the example of Directive (EU) 2019/1158 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on work-life balance for parents and carers and repealing Council Directive 2010/18/EU. The paper interprets these data and places them in the context of European gender equality legislation.
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Current trends in the negotiations process of Turkey to the EU
Motyčková, Eliška
This Bachelor thesis is focused on the negotiation process of Turkey s accession to the European Union. The preface contains basic information about Turkey s geographical location and current political situation. The thesis continues with the analyses of the history of negotiations dated from 1959 till nowadays. In more details, there is put emphasis on the current trends in the negotiations in the terms of discussing the alignment of five chapters of the European Acquis communautaire that are anticipated to be opened for negotiations. The aim of the thesis is to prove or disprove three hypotheses related to the findings in the Report on Turkey 2015 written by the European Commission and the results of my own survey conducted for Czech and Turkish respondents.
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