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The Political Economy of Pharmaceutical Intellectual Property Rights: Balancing Innovation and Access
McHugh, Patrick ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor)
The trade-off between innovation and access is a critical problem in pharmaceutical innovation policy. Without adequate intellectual property protection, knowledge is insufficiently appropriable and the output of innovation is sub-optimal. Patents and sui generis forms of intellectual property are policies utilized by the state to foster innovation, creating temporary monopolies for firms to reward their investments in research and development. This paper explores the topic of pharmaceutical innovation policy by discovering the key legal developments that influence the creation of internationally protected and harmonized minimum standards of IP rights. Equipped with a theoretical understanding of IP as a social contract and knowledge about incentives that the law provides, the status quo system of rewarding pharmaceutical innovation is observed though an analysis of the market for new chemical entities, developing an understanding of the relationship between incentives for innovation and market outcomes. Utilizing an extensive analysis of literature, promising policy options are explored for realigning incentives to better optimize the incremental benefits of pharmaceutical innovation while improving access, including public funding of clinical trials, incorporating value-for-money stipulations into reimbursement and marketing approval decisions, and creating prize-based rewards that delink the market for innovations from the market for pharmaceutical products.
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On-line tools for measuring website availability and performace
Grohoľ, Robert ; Pavlíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Maryška, Miloš (referee)
This thesis focuses on the on-line tools for measuring availability and performance of the websites. The objectives of the work include description of the metrics they use, categorization of the tools and selection of the best available tool on the market according to the requirements set to reflect the typical user's needs. The work is divided into three parts. The first one is dedicated to the description of measured values and methods of their measurement based on the analysis of selected tools and the literature dedicated to website monitoring. The second part focuses on the categorization of the tools according to various criteria. The third part contains selection of the tool using multi-criteria analysis and standardized metrics for evaluating software product quality. The main contribution of this thesis is providing an actual and comprehensive perspective on the issue of measuring performance and availability of the websites using on-line tools, including the analysis of the current market and selecting the best available tool.
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Prague Airport: accessibility and serviceability
Navrátil, Jakub ; Mervart, Michal (advisor) ; Jirsák, Petr (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis is focused on two main issues that are troubling Prague Airport. The aim of this thesis is to collect as much relevant information about these problems as possible and determine which solution would be the best. The first problem is intention to build new parallel runway that split people in two parties - one in favour of it and one against it. The second problem is the insufficient capacity of public transport which you can use to get from the city centre to the airport. In theoretical part would be described both issues and possible solutions. Having access to data from both sides of the problem, they could be in this thesis described objectively. In the practical part would be results of survey of public opinion about above-mentioned problems.
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Problems of tennis integration in physical education at elementary schools
VOŇAVKA, Petr
My thesis is focused on the observation of possible reasons why tennis has not been included in education at elementary schools so far. The research work was performed using questionnaires at elementary schools in regions Vysocina and South Bohemia (December 2007 {--} February 2008). Theoretical {--} didactic part of thesis is focused on tennis history, physical and psychological severity of this sport, but mostly on availability of tennis in wide surroundings (in the view of number of tennis courts and costs for tennis equipment). There are compared particular regions in the research part of the thesis and their results are demonstrated in charts. The conclusions are summarised in discussion and in final part of thesis.
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Barrier-free tourism
Pivovarníková, Simona ; Petrů, Zdenka (advisor) ; Indrová, Jarmila (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on barrier-free tourism in the Czech Republic. The task is to map out a fuller description of its current state, resp. readiness of service providers to be visited by handicapped persons. Basic concepts, which are barrier-free tourism, invalid person, or wheelchair access or equipment are outlined at the beginning. The second chapter should provide an overview of wheelchair accessible cultural monuments, tourist attractions and educational trips in the Czech Republic. Thesis also points to the possibility of wheelchair accommodation, restaurants and transportation. The aim of this thesis is to bring accurate information about the real state of barrier-free facilities in selected places.
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Technical resources for educational support of students with handicap
Louda, Petr ; Šedivá, Zuzana (advisor) ; Žid, Norbert (referee)
This paper deals with evaluation of quality of technical resources to support education of students with handicap at computers. This work aims to map and asses' quality and market appeal of common technical resources for home usage with opinion on less common technical resources for average user and at same time with respect for students with handicap. This publication is divided into four logical parts. First part is devoted to theoretical approach into field of handicaps. From nature of illnesses and handicaps result essential facts, that affects using computers by users with handicap. At the end of this section are noted appropriate ways of using computers. Second part attends to financial seriousness when buying technical resources in this field of purpose. Third section briefly describe method of evaluating products based on first part and define criterion which reflects facts of relevant handicap and at same time also demands of common human user. Fourth part concludes mapping and delivers assessment of chosen products. Publication is completed by trends and facts that affect present market with technical resources.
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Risk Analysis for establishing of new application into the information system in banking
Štefek, Ivan ; Doucek, Petr (advisor) ; Klas, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis Risk Analysis for the establishing of new application into the information system in banking deals with the management of information security and Risk Analysis. Thematically is thesis divided into two parts, theoretical part and practical part. In the theoretical part I inform the reader with the concept of information security and three basic components. I am going to tell about the basic methodology for IT management. In the end I am going to tell something about threats and their impacts. The practical part is based on a summary of theoretical knowledge and there is a practical example. In my example of application My Bank I try to show the information risk analysis. Risk analysis consists of three main parts. In the first part is information classified in the application. There are three points of view, first is confidentiality, second is integrity and third is availability. In second part I try to look at threats and evaluate according to their likelihood. The final section compares the building secure of application with security, which should application have according to degree of risk classification.
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The availability of broadband in Czech Republic.
Lojka, Tomáš ; Toman, Prokop (advisor) ; Pavlíček, Antonín (referee)
The theme of this thesis is the availability of broadband in Czech Republic. There are described high-speed technologies in use in the first part. The most important mentioned technologies are wireless technologies and DSL technology. Next part is connected with concrete providers' offers and geographical availability of individual high-speed technologies. The second part of this dissertation is a proper exploration. This exploration is implemented by a question-form, which is about the situation of high-speed connection in respondents' households. The results are commented and then presented by tables and graphs. The testing and measurement of new Telefónica's naked ADSL service is also made in connection with changes in O2 ADSL service.
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