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Case study physiotherapy treatment of patients with diagnosis: Gangrene pedis bilaterally, frostbite, TMT - amputation under general anaesthesia.
Günterová, Lucie ; Křížková, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Kučerová, Ilona (referee)
Case study: Physiotherapy treatment of patients with the diagnosis: Bilateral pedis gangrene, frostbite TMT - amputation in CA. Content is focused on rehabilitation after amputation of fingers on both lower limbs due to frostbite in the advanced stages of necrosis and subsequent amputation. The aim is to introduce the amputation of the foot, studying literature and the use of theoretical and practical knowledge gained during their studies. Objective description of physiotherapy sessions and a description of the recorded physiotherapy techniques, procedures and examinations. In addition, ensure quality care, improve health, practice self- care and walk carefully chosen treatments. The general section contains a description of the anatomy, kinesiology and biomechanics of lower extremity peripheral. A short introduction to the terms of amputation, frostbite, necrosis, phantom pain, orthotics - prosthetics. Description of the methods, techniques and tests. The practical part of the special assessment is an evaluation of the initial examination, the course of therapy and final examination with subsequent evaluation of the effect of therapy. Bachelor's thesis can be used for students to approach the problem of amputations or patients themselves and their relatives in coping with this disability. Key...
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Casuistry of patient after amputation above knee
Zahradník, Petr ; Holubářová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Hulvová, Petra (referee)
Title of thesis: Casuistry of patient after amputation above knee Abstract: General part of this thesis includes definition, causes and potential complication, which can occur after the amputations. It also includes possibilities of rehabilitation and physiotherapy for the diagnosis. The content of special part is detailed casuistry of patient, who has been rehabilitated in rehabilitative facility for walking-school and backaches. Keywords: amputation, stub, walking-school, backaches
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Upper-Extremity Prosthetic fitting after amputation
Šnytr, Jan ; Půlpán, Rudolf (advisor) ; Čichoň, Rostislav (referee)
Title: Upper-Extremity Prosthetic fitting after amputation. Objectives: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide a comprehensive and ilustrating summary of findings from the field of orthotics and prosthetics , specifically the issue of upper limb amputation and subsequent prosthetic equipment. The core is to describe the technological production processes, policies, principles and types of upper limb prostheses and care of the pacient, so the thesis could serve as a teaching tool suitable for various specializations. Methods: For creation of thesis was used qualitative research method of data collection and analysis of secondary data from scientific articles, magazines and publications. The method used for data verification was informal chat with expert. Results: The results provide sufficient evidence for the use as a guide and tool of prosthetic procedures. Keywords: prostheses, upper-extremity prostheses, prosthetic fitting, amputation, upper-extremity amputation, rehabilitation
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The effect of gait training with a prosthesis on stability and parameters in patients with thigh amputation
Tučková, Tereza ; Smékal, David (advisor) ; Kálal, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis "Effect of gait school with prosthesis on stability and walking parameters of patients after transfemoral amputation deals with problems of patients after transfemoral amputation due to vascular etiology. It mentions elementary knowledge of rehabilitation after amputation of lower extremity. Furthermore, there are described main complications that amputation brings into the patient ́s life: pain associated with amputation, skin complications and psychological hardships. Emphasis is laid on gait and gait practice for patients with amputation. I further deal with deviations commonly observed on gait of these patients and with factors influencing the gait, including the influence of particular parts of the prosthesis on patients ́ gait. The practical part is dedicated to comparison of two different approaches to gait practice. The effect of these approaches is evaluated on the basis of results of two groups of patients. The results were gathered by examination on force plate, measurement of gait velocity, examination of gait cadence and evaluation of patients ́s gait videos. Furthermore, I use functional tests: LCI - 5, ABIS - R, ABC scale and PEQ. All of these examinations were performed at the beginning and in the end of patients ́ stay at the Clinic of rehabilitation in Hradec Králové. The...
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The options of patients with hind limb amputation for physiotherapy treatments
DÖRNEROVÁ, Nicola
This work elaborates on the problematic of amputation of lower/hind limb and pitfalls associated with it. The theoretical part deals with the amputation from the historical and etiological point of view. I list all types of amputation interventions and their risk factors. A substantial part of the theoretical section is dedicated to physiotherapeutic procedures and possible prosthetic treatments, which are an important part of rehabilitation care for patients with amputations. The practical part of my bachelor work is processed by means of qualitative research. The research was conducted using case studies which, on the basis of anamnesis and examination contain kinesiology input analysis, procedures in physiotherapy and kinesi-ology analysis output. Using case studies I describe the application of theoretical knowledge in practice. The research was conducted at the Center of Technical Orthopedics in Ceske Budejovice. The research sample consisted of three patients with varying height of amputation intervention of the lower limb. All patients were men aged 50-65 years, with the first equipment of the prosthetic device, the first patient after exarticulation in the hip, the other after amputation in his thigh, and the third patient after amputation in his shin. Physiotherapy ran for 10 weeks, 1x a week for 60 minutes. I established an exercise set of five exercises for each patient that they were also supposed to practice at home by themselves. In addition to that, each patient received extra exercises for home practicing to suit their individual needs. I assessed the effectiveness of the therapy based on the results of input and output tests. The aim of this study was to map the practice of physiotherapy with patients after lower limb amputations. Among the most important tasks of a physiotherapist with patients with amputations I consider the care of the stump, the status of which is closely linked with the use of prostheses. During my practice I reassured myself that complications of the amputation stump significantly limit the use of prosthesis. A limited use of prosthesis consequently prolongs the patient's return to the society as its as equivalent as possible member, in accordance with the abilities and possibilities of each individual patient. The effect of locomotion with a prosthesis on the mental aspect of an individual after a leg amputation was in my practice also obvious. The results of the research part of my thesis show that the health state of all probands mentioned in my work improved after 10 weeks of treatment. During my internship, I reaffirmed the importance of early initiation of rehabilitation and awareness of patients about the possibilities of the prosthetic equipment, interdisciplinary cooperation of the nursing staff, age, cooperation and motivation of the patient. This work can serve as an educational material not only for health care workers, but also for the sick or for their family members.
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The history of nursing work before and after the amputation of the lower limb
SVOBODOVÁ, Helena
The aim of this thesis is to map the nursing care of patients with amputated lower limb during the history. This is a theoretical bachelor thesis. Interview with people with experience in the issue were used in the thesis: a general nurse, RNDr. Vítězslav Kuželka, an anthropologist and Mgr. Šimon Krýsl, a historian. A visit to the Medical Museum and Depository in Prague was also necessary for the work. The thesis also contains photographs taken during the visits to the museum or the depository. Preserved historical sources are the most important ones for the thesis. Special literature and literature dealing with these problems nowadays, numerous specialized journals, many history as well as modern books were further important sources. Period textbook and brochures for patients with amputations formed an inseparable part of the information source. The first chapter deals with the prehistoric period. Anthropologist RNDr. Kuželka provided a lot of valuable information. Immersion of a stump into boiling water was a specific feature of nursing care in the prehistoric period. The next chapter deals with the antiquity, when amputation was applied as a punishment. Famous physician Hippocrates belonged to this period. After that a chapter about the middle ages with the strong influence of religion follows. During a visit to the National Medical Library Mgr. Krýsl gave us an interview for this bachelor thesis, in which he mentioned the instruments used for amputation in the history. The fourth chapter deals with the modern times. Jean Louis Petit (1674-1750), a French physician, who was highly regarded for the invention of the screw type tourniquet, was one of the significant persons of this period. Florence Nightingale, the lady with the lamp, meant a real breakthrough as she contributed to introduction of strict cleanliness in hospitals. The modern times also includes the period between 1953 and 1979, which is also a part of this thesis. There is a very much interesting fact that the nursing care of amputees does not much differ from the present. Mgr. Polanová adds her memories of the nursing care in 1979. Further parts of the bachelor thesis focus on the issues of the development of antisepsis and anaesthesia in the history. A chapter dealing with the phantom pain is one of the largest parts. The bachelor thesis is concluded by a chapter dedicated to the nursing care of patients with amputation of a lower limb nowadays. Conclusion This bachelor thesis focuses on the history of nursing care before and after an amputation of a lower limb. It is written chronologically from the prehistoric period up to the present, the 21st century. Each chapter of the thesis contains the trends, interesting points and innovations in the field of interest in the particular period. The whole work summarizes the development of nursing care and healthcare for the amputees. One of great conclusions of the studies of nursing care is the fact that there are periods in the history when hardly any changes were made but also periods when rapid and significant changes were introduced. This thesis also monitors the development of the profession of a general nurse in relation to the care about the amputees. The thesis may serve as a study material for general nurses and also for those who are interested in the history of the nursing care of patients with amputation of a lower limb.
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Mechanical upper limb prosthesis
Koukal, Ondřej ; Čížek, Petr (referee) ; Paloušek, David (advisor)
This thesis elaborates on design and fabrication of an artificial mechanical upper limb prototype for transradial amputations, i. e. for patients with stump between elbow and wrist joints. The artificial limb is designed for use in a wide spectrum of patients. Therefore, the main components are designed to be applicable to smaller as well as larger hand dimensions. The artificial mechanical limb is designed to be controlled by the other hand of a patient and enables grasping of objects via cylindrical and hook grip. Fingers are driven by tension springs and can be locked in extension. Clenching can be initiated by pressing a button, which unlocks the fingers, thus an object can be grasped. Wrist joint is adjustable when pressed a release button. Forearm joint is locked by preloaded spring. The lock of the forearm joint is released by sufficient torque. New position of the forearm joint is locked automatically when the torque is not being applied. Prototypes of the artificial mechanical upper limb were manufactured by using of rapid prototyping technologies (FDM, SLM) as well as CNC milling machine. All parts of the artificial limb were designed with regard to manufacturability by conventional methods such as casting, injection and the like. The artificial limb prototype had been designed on 3D data basis of a specific patient, who already has tested the prototype. Following materials were used on the prototype: ABS plastic, SikaBlock M940 polyurethane, aluminium and 316L stainless steel.
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Kinematic analysis of movement of cyclist with transtibial prosthesis.
Stoklásek, Pavel ; Mazůrek, Ivan (referee) ; Paloušek, David (advisor)
This work is aiming to the area of biomechanics and deals with the experimental finding of appropriate kinematic ratios of crank mechanism on racing bicycle and transtibial prosthesis of racing cyclists with an assessment of kinematic ratios depending on the overall athletic performance. The primary aim of the work is investigation of the impact of inappropriate existing kinematic ratios of leg prosthesis and crank mechanism on the kinematics and dynamics of top athlete. The work presents experiments that proposes find out appropriate kinematic ratio of the length of kinematic members and possibility to improve overall athletic performance. The measurement is supplemented about cycling analysis of racer realized via cameras tracking system and measuring muscle activity by EMG. The work also includes a description of impact of various factors on cycling.
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Design of mechanism for pronation and supination of the upper limb prostheses
Rebenda, David ; Košťál, David (referee) ; Paloušek, David (advisor)
The goal of of this work is to propose a mechanism for pronation and supination of the upper limb prosthesis and its subsequent implementation of functional prototype. The teoretical part summarizes the basic types of forearm amputation and the effect of restricting rotation of the forearm. It also describes the basic distribution of upper limb prostheses and drive types. Construction design includ complete technical documentation is made in Autodesk Inventor Professional 2013 and Rhinoceros 5.0 SR8. The prototype is made of aluminium and ABS plastic.
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