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Changes of physical river habitat in the Prague city area. Case study area of the Botič catchment.
Tichý, Vojtěch ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Kliment, Zdeněk (referee)
During the last 200 years third of all watercourses in Czech republic were modified, stress were massively degraded especialy in the urban areas. The increasing urbanization of the landscape has led in recent years to increased researsch ecology of urban environment, this created the need for quality assesment of watercourses. This bachelor thesis deals with anthropogenically modified flows, quality and change of physical habitat watercourses in urban areas. The main objective of this work is the evluation and presentation of the results of the field survey that was conducted in the Botič river basin using the metodology HEM and HEM-F. Field survey was conducted in the lower reaches of Botič below the Hostivař dam (river km 0,00 to 13,30 km). This section has been most modified in the past, notably in the context of urbanization. In addition to the hydromorphological condition were also mapped fluvial-morphological effects of flood 2013. Based on the evaluation results of the field survey the majority of segments were classified as poor or bad.
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Structural ambiguity based on the grammatical indeterminacy of the ing-nonfinite form in subject position
Vojtěch, Albert ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Šaldová, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis deals with the structural ambiguity of constructions similar to Flying planes can be dangerous, where the ambiguity can arise due to the grammatical indeterminacy of ing- nonfinite form that can be interpreted both as gerund and participle. The ambiguity is analysed on the basis of the transitivity of ing-nonfinite form and subsequently on its semantic compatibility with the noun in the role of subject and object, in the ideal case the ambiguity and compatibility is tested further in the sentence context. The first part, the theoretical background presents us with what the secondary sources say to the phenomenon of ambiguity, distinguishes the types of ambiguity and also covers the grammatical description of non-finite verb forms. The Second part, material and method, describes the method of sampling, which brought us 2 samples extracted from British National Corpus. First sample comprises of 25 instances of "ing-nonfinite form + noun + verb constructions" (sg/pl, type of verb and verb tense are not restricted) and the second sample comprises of 100 instances of similar constructions, however the verb following the noun has been restricted on formal grounds for verb tense, verb type and number in order not to represent a hindrance for the ambiguity. The third, analytical part comprises...
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In situ study of nuclear acids interactions key for gene expression and therapy based on its silencing
Špringer, Tomáš ; Štěpánek, Josef (advisor) ; Brynda, Eduard (referee) ; Vorlíčková, Michaela (referee)
In this doctoral thesis we study novel analogues based on R06 aptamers and targeting TAR hairpins of the HIV virus by means of surface plasmon resonance biosensor, which allows for sensitive and real-time monitoring of molecular interactions. We investigate seven different modifications placed at nine different positions on the R06 aptamer in order to find out their applicability in the construction of efficient and stable anti-TAR oligonucleotides. We also determine which positions are suitable for substitutions with a modification and interpret the results in the context of the local nucleotide geometries and interactions in the TAR/anti-TAR complex. In this doctoral thesis we further develop a new fluidic system. This fluidic system eliminates sample dispersion and intermixing effects and thus enables accurate monitoring of molecular interactions on the surface of an SPR chip. We also characterize experimental conditions on the surface of an oligonucleotide chip and their relations towards bio-molecular assays. Specifically, we study the shielding effect of monovalent and divalent cations, which are crucial for the interaction of negatively charged oligonucleotides.
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The application of viral nanoparticles in biomedicine
Kříž, Kristian ; Španielová, Hana (advisor) ; Beranová, Jana (referee)
This work compiles studies that lead to new applications of viral nanoparticles with an emphasis on utilizations in biomedicine. Firstly the work follows the characteristics of viral nanoparticles and some general aspects of nanoparticles. Further described herein are exemplary studies that are using viral nanoparticles as a tool for the treatment of cancer, viral, bacterial or other diseases. This review also includes examples of researches leading to the usage of viral nanoparticles for diagnostic purposes. Lastly, studies in which viral nanoparticles served as nanoextractors, nanoreactors or nanotemplates for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles and galvanic cells are mentioned here too.
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Modification of basketball
Dvořáková, Pavla ; Velenský, Michael (advisor) ; Kaprálek, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Modification of basketball Objectives: The objective of this study is a theoretical elaboration and detailed characteristics of various modifications including fundamental division, history, rules and their status in fields of sports and events of physical education Methods: The bachelor thesis is based on analysis of content of the literature review. Key words: modification, wheelchair basketball, institutional practice, minibasketball, streetball
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Functionalization of Polypropylene by Grafting
Kelíšek, Petr ; Sadílek, Jiří (referee) ; Petrůj, Jaroslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of functionalization of polypropylene by grafting. The theoretical part summarizes current knowledge about the properties of polypropylene, polylactic acid, radical grafting, factors influencing the properties of such functionalized polymer and modification of immiscible polymers by the aid of compatibilizer. In the experimental part, samples of polypropylene grafted with polylactic acid, and blends of polypropylene with polylactic acid were prepared on an internal mixer under different conditions. Temperature and torque were monitored during the mixing. Created materials were evaluated by comparing their base properties (tensile strength, melt flox index).
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Effect of chemical modification of humic acids on their interactions with organic ions
Fryšová, Eva ; Weidlich, Tomáš (referee) ; Sedláček, Petr (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the interaction of humic acids with organic ions and effect of chemical modification of humic acids on this interaction. Rhodamine 6G was used as a model organic ion. The interaction were studied by fluorescence quenching, dialysis in diffusion cells and differential UV-VIS spectroscopy. Results showed that the bond between the reactants was not primarily dependent on carboxylic functional groups of humic acids. Fluorescence experiments indicated static quenching mechanism and differential UV-VIS spectroscopy demonstrated the existence of - interactions.
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Topic-focus articulation in newspaper and news server
Pirnerová, Helena ; Hajičová, Eva (advisor) ; Rysová, Kateřina (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on an analysis of the first sentences of newspaper articles namely from an aspect of the topic-focus articulation, which is expressed in Czech primarily by word order. The word order depending on the increasing communicative dynamism of words in the sentence might be changed from an objective word order if new information follows known or before mentioned information into subjective word order resulting in a reverse order. E.g.: The CEZ group showed record profit of 52 milliard CZK last year, a reverse word order: (literal translation) Record profit (Obj) of 52 milliard CZK the CEZ group(Subj) showed last year. In our thesis, we describe the above mentioned changes and we determine sets of cases comprising the modifications and we attempt to specify kinds of rules and principles resulting in different word orders. The sentence in the case of the subjective word order begins with an object, an adverbial of time, place, or condition. Anyway, not always a sentence constituent at the beginning of the sentence indicates the subjective word order. A significant role in the analysis is played by head- lines, which affect considerably the result. We focus ou attention on sentences expressing a placement on the scene. These sentences are assessed in relation with the head-lines...
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Noun phrase complexity in academic written English
Kratochvílová, Pavla ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Dušková, Libuše (referee)
The diploma thesis analyses written academic text. Academic prose is frequently characterized as a highly complex style which is structurally elaborated, contains a large number of subordinate clauses and expresses meaning relations explicitly. However, new research (e.g. Biber & Gray, 2010) shows that complexity of academic writing occurs on the level of noun phrases which often contain extensive premodification and/or postmodification. The thesis studies noun phrase structure in research articles from two disciplines: medicine and sociology. Two articles from each discipline were selected, each yielding 50 complex noun phrases. These 200 examples were analysed with respect to their modification, its form and levels of embedding. The results were compared for both disciplines. The aim of the thesis was to describe complex noun phrase structure and identify its relation to the type of academic discipline. Key words: noun phrase, modification, academic text, sociology, medicine
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