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Architecture of Havířov in the Era of Socialist Realism
Sedláčková, Jana ; Novotná, Eva (advisor) ; Schmelzová, Radoslava (referee)
Short annotation Architecture of Havířov in the Era of Socialist Realism Building of Havířov was part of complex Nová Ostrava. Nová Ostrava was key project of first five-year plan. There was used insufficiently explained method of socialist-realism, which was from SSSR. Important for sympathy of formation Havířov is poltical and cultural development of ČSR after Second world war. Important is explanation of idea and platform of the new method and comparing of examples in architecture and art. Base of this work is a analysis of execution of a project method of socialist realism in Havířov. Firstly in this part is a history in ostrava's region, because this progress is connected with coal fields. Next are history of building Havířov, analysis and comparing of town planning, architecture and art. Connection of urbanism, architecture and art made synthesis for re-education of people. The best for rating of new town, which is built on green field, is survey of contemporary of inhabitants. Socialist realism's architecture in Havířov grew up at bad time, but this architecture is pleasant place for life, has mainly human dimension, public lawns and diversity. Keywords: socialist realism, architecture, urbanism, art, Havířov
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Substituted benzoxazoles - synthesis and biological activity
Opálka, Lukáš ; Vinšová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Vávrová, Kateřina (referee)
There were 14 compounds prepaired, including 7 Schiff bases and 7 substitued benzoxazoles. The compounds were characterised by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, IR, TLC and by melting point. All the new compounds aren't described in Reaxys or in Chemical Abstracts, so they can be considered as original compounds. The reaction was done in two steps. First, the Schiff base was made by the condensation of proper aminophenol and benzaldehyde and in second step, the Schiff base was cyclized by lead (IV) acetate.
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Sol-gel synthesis of ternary ZnxTiyOz nanostructures for applications in solar cell technologies and photonics
Mrázek, Jan ; Nižňanský, Daniel (advisor) ; Pinkas, Jiří (referee) ; Pollert, Emil (referee)
The presented study deals with the sol-gel synthesis of nanocrystalline ternary phases of the general formula ZnxTiyOz, their characterization and potential application in photonics. Achieved results brings new fundamental knowledge about the processes leading to the formation of ZnxTiyOz nanocrystals from amorphous xerogels and gives novel information about structural and opto-electrical properties of prepared materials. Based on the presented results, most of all up-to-date reported ZnxTiyOz compounds with tailored nanocrystalline size and structure can be prepared as powders or thin films. Two sol-gel approaches based on the cluster process and direct heteronucleation were employed to prepare initial sol. Sols were optionally doped by Eu3+ ions to evaluate the effects of rare earth element to crystallization properties of formed compounds. In the first part of our study crystallization properties and structural evolution of thermally treated xerogels were analyzed. As a result a versatile method allowing the preparation of inverse spinel Zn2TiO4, cubic defect spinel ZnTiO3 and rhombohedral ZnTiO3 with tailored nanocrystal sizes was established. Initial composition and thermal annealing allow us to prepare selected ternary phase with tailored nanocrystal size ranging from tens of nanometers up to...
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The Evolution of Menopause and Duration of Reproductive Life-span in Humans and it's Comparison with Social Mammals.
Fuxová, Helena ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Blažek, Vladimír (referee)
This paper concludes basic information about reproductive life-span in humans, however the special emphasis is placed on a synthesis of available knowledge about the existence and evolution of menopause and postreproductive period. Based on published data, the paper focuses on the occurrence of these phenomena, not only in humans but also in other social mammals. Subsequently, this paper finds out that the termination of reproduction followed by postreproductive life-span is not only present in humans, but similar phenomena can be found also in other taxa. The special attention is given to the primates and the cetaceans, where the menopause phenomenon is being well studied. Moreover, to present a more complex and in-depth view into the topic, it is also crucial to mention a different point of view by the short insight into the existence of the menopause in other vertebrata and invertebrates. Moreover, there are compared phenomena of menopause and postreproductive period of humans and other representatives of the animal kingdom. Bachelor's thesis is the finding that menopause or end of reproduction followed by postreproductive life-span are phenomena more common than it is generally believed. The subsequent goal is a critical look at the main theories about the evolution of menopause in humans (" The...
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Synthesis of cationic phthalocyanines
Cidlina, Antonín ; Zimčík, Petr (advisor) ; Miletín, Miroslav (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FACULTY OF PHARMACY IN HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND DRUG CONTROL Author: Antonín Cidlina Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. PharmDr. Petr Zimčík PhD. Title: Synthesis of cationic phthalocyanines In my thesis, I dealt with the preparation of cationic phthalocyanines containing quaternary ammonium groups in peripheral chains that are attached to α or β positions of the macrocycle. The synthesis of precursors for cyclotetramerization was the first step of this work. They were prepared by nucleophilic substitution of aromatic dicarbonitriles by 2- (diethylamino)ethanthiolate. These precursors were used to cyclotetramerization in presence of magnesium butoxide. Magnesium phthalocyanines were prepared by this procedure. Magnesium complexes were converted to metal-free phthalocyanines in acidic medium. Then, they reacted with anhydrous zinc acetate to form zinc phthalocyanines. Subsequently, alkylation of peripheral amino groups by ethyliodide led to quaternized Pc. In addition, the derivates with substitution in α positions did not aggregate in aqueous media. Furthermore, zinc phtalocyanine substituted in α positions had very good photochemical properties. That is why it may become potential photosensitizer with promising photodynamic activity.
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When do stable democracies emerge? Mending the view of economics and political science
Kovář, Kamil ; Müller, Karel (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (referee)
This thesis deals with the economic theories of democracy and democratization and their synthesis with political science theories. First discussed is the 'static' model of Acemoglu and Robinson (2006), which focuses on economically motivated political conflict between elites and masses, and in which stable democracy emerges in countries with medium levels of economic inequality. The second discussed 'dynamic' approach comes from the North, Wallis and Weingast (2009), who postulate the existence of two social orders that inextricably combine economic and political elements . In the third chapter I argue that the economic models of democratization are not able to capture the dramatic spread of democracy around the world in the last three decades. For this purpose, they would have to include normative preference for dermokracy and political science concept of legitimacy. It is concluded that the synthesis of economic and political science models is essential for proper understanding of emergence of stable democracies.
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Potential contrast agents for MRI based on manganese (II) complexes
Drahoš, Bohuslav
The thesis is focused on the synthesis and characterization of novel Mn2+ complexes as alternative to Gd3+ chelates which are wide-spread contrast agents in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). In the perspective to find suitable chelators of Mn2+ , three groups of pentadentate ligands with different size of macrocylic cavity, different donor atoms and number of pendant arms containing various functional groups have been investigated. Coordination numbers of 6 or 7 were found in the crystal structure of the Mn2+ complexes enabling binding of one or two water molecules in the first coordination sphere. The direct water coordination causes a decrease in the complex stability and thus, the thermodynamic stability of investigated chelates is lower than that of polyaminocarboxylate complexes and their dissociation is very fast in comparison to [Mn(nota)] and [Mn(dota)]2- . The studied Mn2+ complexes do not undergo oxidation in air except for complexes with 12-membered ligands which are oxidized to Mn3+ species. The proton relaxivities of the bishydrated complexes are two times higher than those for monohydrated complexes and are comparable to those of commercial contrast agents based on Gd3+ complexes. Variable-temperature 17 O NMR data revealed that the water exchange varies from slow to intermediate or...
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The possibilities of transformation of Prague panel housing estates in order to enhance quality of residential environment
Hlásenská, Tereza ; Pělucha, Martin (advisor) ; Říhová, Gabriela (referee)
The thesis aims to introduce the problem of panel housing estates in the Czech Republic, to evaluate the development policy of these areas and to suggest the possibilities of transformation of Prague panel housing estates in order to enhance quality of residential environment. In the Czech Republic lives a substantial part of the population in the panel housing estates and their degradation is a real threat that could lead to the decline of entire cities. About 40% of Prague's residents live in housing estates, which are an indispensable part of urban structure of the capital city, and therefore the thesis focuses on Prague's housing estates. Through a literature research the theoretical part deals in major with the circumstances of creation and specifics of Czech panel housing with focus on the Prague housing estates. The theoretical part concludes that the future of housing estates will depend on the attitude of public authorities and its residents as we cannot rely on the fact that leaving housing estates their own development will not lead to their degradation. The practical part aims to introduce national and local key documents and programs, which involve housing estates transformation issues and assesses their importance and contribution to the transformation process itself. Further, there are introduced examples of foreign and Czech transformations and using SWOT analysis there is assessed the potential usability of these measures in the transformation of Prague housing estates. The end of practical part performs a synthesis of previous findings and suggests the possibilities of transformation of Prague panel housing estates, which should increase the quality of the residential environment. The draft of conception can serve as a basis for planning the estates transformation process at the Prague city districts.
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The Objectivity and Art Criticism
Pacáková, Pavlína ; KAPLICKÝ, Martin (advisor) ; KUBALÍK, Štěpán (referee)
This paper intends to answer the question of when and how we can consider a theatre criticism or review of a play to be more objective than another one. First we define the field of inquiry, art criticism and theatre criticism in particular. In doing so we describe how objectivity, truth, the author of a review and his or her intentions are related. We also explore various forms and functions of theatre criticism. While describing the process how criticism is created (perception, interpretation, evaluation and repeated search of arguments for the subjective view in the theatre piece itself) we identify how the different steps of such process influence the level of objectivity. At the end of the theoretical part this paper offers a synthesis of different criteria for objectivity in theatre criticism.
The second part compares the criteria of objective criticism with a set of current theatre reviews in the daily press, weekly magazines and professional publications. We analyze ten reviews of Václav Havel's The Garden Party (Zahradní slavnost) directed by Dušan Pařízek at the Prague's Estates Theatre (Stavovské divadlo). This set of the ten reviews includes an article by the author of this paper herself. Based on the criteria described in the first part of the paper we evaluate reviews by Radmila Hrdinová, Marcela Magdová, Marie Reslová, Vladmír Just, Richard Erm, Vojtěch Varyš, Vladimír Mikulka, Vladimír Hulec, Milan Uhde and Pavlína Pacáková. The evaluation shows the criteria can distinguish the reviews on a subjective-objective scale.
We conclude that an objective criticism fulfils several key demands: it openly defines the criteria of its evaluation, offers consistent reasoning, evaluates the theatre performance as a whole and not only as individual elements and helps the reader to make his own opinion and conclusion based on the given information.
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Synthesis of monosubstituted derivatives of cyclodextrins
Řezanka, Michal
1 Synthesis of monosubstituted derivatives of cyclodextrins Abstract This thesis is focused on a preparation of a set of exactly defined monosubstituted derivatives of -CD for subsequent utilization in organic synthesis. Cinnamyl or allyl group is very suitable for the preparation of monosubstituted derivatives of CD, because these groups contain nonaromatic double bond, which can be widely modified. Peracetylated 2I -O-, 3I -O-, and 6I -O-allyl and 2I -O- and 3I -O-cinnamyl derivatives of -CD mentioned in this thesis were prepared in yields 3.7 - 13 %. Position of allyl and cinnamyl group was determined by 2D NMR techniques. Possibility of derivatization of allyl and cinnamyl derivatives was exemplified by transformation of peracetylated 2I -O-, and 6I -O-allyl and 3I -O-cinanmyl derivatives to peracetylated 2I -O-, 3I -O-, and 6I -O-formylmethyl derivatives via reductive ozonolysis. These aldehydes were oxidized by Jones reagent to 2I -O-, 3I -O-, and 6I -O-carboxymethyl derivatives. Keywords: cyclodextrins, monosubstitution, allyl, cinnamyl, formylmethyl, carboxymethyl
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