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Voltammetry at Silica Gel-Modified Carbon Paste Electrode
Šestáková, Ivana ; Navrátil, Tomáš
Voltammetry using silica gel modified carbon paste electrode (SiO2-CPE) for oxidation of selected flavonoid showed better sensitivity and reproducibility than oxidation using glassy carbon or unmodified carbon paste electrode. Only SiO2-CPE is useful for study of cadmium complexation with cysteine containing ligand as phytochelatin or metallothionein. Voltammetry on boron doped diamond electrode showed only peak of sulfur compound oxidation, which decreased with the addition of cadmium ions.
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Monitoring of biologically active substances in Asian vegetables from Brassicaceae family
SVOBODOVÁ, Martina
The Bachelor thesis is monitoring the content of polyphenolic substances in non-traditional leafy vegetables at different times of the year. Specific samples were experimentally studied, such as: green mustard (Brassica rapa var. komatsuna), red mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.), mizuna and mibuna (Brassica rapa ssp. Japonica (L.)). Although the samples are Asian leafy vegetables, they are now widely used in the Czech Republic and can be found both in the form of seeds and as leaves for consumption. Therefore, the issue of beneficial biologically active substances is topical. The phenolic group includes flavonoids that are easily available and their biological activity is also significant. Vegetables have antioxidant properties due to flavonoids, which prevent lipid peroxidation and eliminate free radicals. This property is also beneficial to humans, and therefore flavonoid substances are also used in medicine. They can prevent the emergence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease or atherosclerosis. Flavonoids are also attributed to preventive effects against cancer and diabetes mellitus. Samples of cruciferous leafy vegetables were grown in 2017 on the experimental plot of the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice on the open area of the flowerbed in spring and autumn sowing. The high performance liquid chromatography method was used to measure the content of flavonoid substances. The following substances were studied in selected vegetables: myricetin, morin, luteolin, quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol. Unfortunately, myricetin, morin, luteolin and apigenin were not detected by HPLC. Concentrations of only quercetin and kaempferol were measured for final comparison with expert articles. The sowing time did not affect the measured contents quercetin and kaempferol in most of the samples. Only a specimen of Chinese red mustard from autumn sowing contained more biologically active substances.
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The effect of quercetin metabolite on the rat isolated arteries.
Rudišarová, Simona ; Vopršalová, Marie (advisor) ; Pourová, Jana (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Simona Rudišarová Supervisor: PharmDr. Marie Vopršalová, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: The effect of quercetin metabolite on the rat isolated arteries This study is focused on the research of the effects of flavonol quercetin and its selected metabolites (3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid) on blood vessels in vitro. A standardized method of an isolated rat aorta was used. The aim of this study was to find out how substances act on the isolated aorta and if the effect of the effective metabolite is dependent on the presence of the endothelium in the vessel. After precontracting with noradrenaline, individual concentrations of the test substances were added to the aortic ring bath (final concentrations in the bath ranging from 10-7 to 10-3 M). From the measured values EC50 values (quercetin = 3,63 . 10-5 M, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid = 3,21 . 10-6 M, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid = 4,38 . 10-5 M) were obtained and the corresponding DRC curves were constructed using S.P.E.L. Advanced Kymograph Software. The experiment was performed once again with quercetin and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid on the endothelium-denuded vessel. According to the results is...
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Biologically active compounds in uncommon vegetables
VOCÍLKOVÁ, Soňa
My bachelor thesis dealed with determination of content of some phenolic compounds in some rare sorts of vegetable like Amaranthus tricolor, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Brassica rapa var. komatsuna, Brassica rapa ssp. japonica var. mizuna and mibuna, Brassica juncea. These uncommon species belonged to the asian leaf vegetable. At the present time these species are restrained over the whole world. Besides vitamins, these species of leaf vegetable contain also phenolic compounds like flavonoids, which reveal significant biological activity with positive effects on human health. The above mentioned sorts of vegetable were cultivated both on the experimental field on the open air and also in glasshouse. The content of phenolic derivatives was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. In the selected plants were found these dominant compounds: Amaranthus tricolor contained derivatives of caffeic acid and rutin, in Chrysanthemum coronarium chlorogenic acid, dicaffeoyl acid and dicaffeoyl-succinylquinic acid. In the plants Brassica rapa var. komatsuna and Brassica juncea were determined derivatives of flavonols and phenolic acid, in varieties mizuna and mibuna derivatives of flavonols, phenolic acid and indols. Significant differences in the content of studied compounds was found between the plants cultivated under open air and in glasshouse. The plants cultivated under the open air have significantly higher content of studied compounds than those cultivated in glasshouse.
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The study of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures I
Blahušová, Adriana ; Kašparová, Marie (advisor) ; Siatka, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Candidate: Adriana Blahušová Supervisor: PharmDr. Marie Kašparová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The study of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures I A principal precondition for successful elicitation used to increase the production of secondary metabolites is, among other, finding a suitable elicitor, its concentration and the optimal period of time of the action of the elicitor on the plant culture in vitro, which was the aim of the present diploma thesis. The effect was examined of a 6, 24, 48 and 168 hour action of the solution of chitosan (in four concentrations) on the production of flavonoids in the suspension culture Trifolium pratense L. (variety Sprint, Tempus and DO-8). The culture was cultivated in Gamborg medium to which 2 mg/l of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine were added, at the temperature of 25řC and 16 hours light/8 hours dark period. The best elicitation effect of chitosan on the production of flavonoids was the lowest concentration of 1 mg/100ml in all three studied varieties after 48 hours of application.
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The effect of quercetin metabolite on the rat isolated arteries.
Rudišarová, Simona ; Vopršalová, Marie (advisor) ; Pourová, Jana (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Simona Rudišarová Supervisor: PharmDr. Marie Vopršalová, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: The effect of quercetin metabolite on the rat isolated arteries This study is focused on the research of the effects of flavonol quercetin and its selected metabolites (3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid) on blood vessels in vitro. A standardized method of an isolated rat aorta was used. The aim of this study was to find out how substances act on the isolated aorta and if the effect of the effective metabolite is dependent on the presence of the endothelium in the vessel. After precontracting with noradrenaline, individual concentrations of the test substances were added to the aortic ring bath (final concentrations in the bath ranging from 10-7 to 10-3 M). From the measured values EC50 values (quercetin = 3,63 . 10-5 M, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid = 3,21 . 10-6 M, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid = 4,38 . 10-5 M) were obtained and the corresponding DRC curves were constructed using S.P.E.L. Advanced Kymograph Software. The experiment was performed once again with quercetin and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid on the endothelium-denuded vessel. According to the results is...
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Flavonoids and natural coumarins interactions with conventional medicine
Sigmundová, Tereza ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Mladěnka, Přemysl (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Lenka Tůmová, CSc. Student: Tereza Sigmundová Title of Thesis: Flavonoids and natural coumarins interactions with conventional medicine Keywords: medicinal plant, flavonoids, coumarins, interactions The aim of this diploma thesis is to give an overview of the interactions between conventional drugs and simultaneous use of flavonoids, coumarins or medicinal plants containing flavonoids and coumarins. Cited literature includes articles published since 2000 till 2018, that were collected mostly using online databases (Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar). Flavonoids can affect the metabolism of drugs through interaction with CYP450 enzymes, P-glycoprotein, ABC or SLC transporters. This type of interaction is particularly important for drugs with narrow therapeutic index such as cyclosporin, digoxin or warfarin. Furanocoumarins contained for example in grapefruit juice cause irreversible inhibition of CYP3A4 enzyme and affect the pharmacokinetics of many drugs. The major drug classes that have been reported to present pharmacodynamic interactions with flavonoids or natural coumarins are anticoagulants, cytostatics and central nervous system agents. The thesis also describes...
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Use of rare oils in cosmetics
Pilipenco, Alina ; Szotkowski, Martin (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
The purpose of this bachelor thesis was to research rare oils. The oils from selected plants (poppy, cannabis, thistle) is characterized by the content of active phenolic compounds, fatty acid composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. First part of the thesis is a literary research on a given topic, which contains the following parts: the universal chemical composition of vegetable oils, the characteristics and effects of selected oils and the ways of their obtaining for cosmetic purposes. The experimental part is focused primarily on the basic analysis of selected oil components and the preparation of the shower oil based on the obtained results. In conclusion are presented an overview of all the properties of selected oils, their practical use and assessment of their application in cosmetics.
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Technologie pěstování Kotvičníku zemního (Tribulus terrestris L.) a jeho využití
NEUMANN, Jaroslav
This bachelor thesis is about a plant named Puncturevine (Tribulus terrestris), its substances, which are contained and about its possible usage in medicine. Another chapters describes some substances which we can find in a whole plant. The most important substances are saponins, phytosterols and flavonoids. Saponins are most popular for their aphrodisiatic effects, flavonoids for fighting illnes and phytosterols for decreasing cholesterol in blood plasma. Quantity of these substances is highly dependent on the area where, or how the plant is grown and if elicitors were used. In the practical part I found out if tribulus is known amongst people and how to grow it in greenhouse.
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Technologie pěstování Leuzey saflorové (Leuzea carthamoides DC.) a její využití.
VYTISKA, Petr
This bachelor thesis deals with the technology of growing leuzea carthamoides DC., the substances it contains and its possible pharmaceutical use. Next I deal with the description of some substances found in the above ground or underground parts of the plant. Among the most effective substances that leuzea contains are phytoecdysteroids, triterpens, flavonoids, thiophenes and phenolic acids. The quantity of these substances depends directly on the way of cultivation, selection of the appropriate habitat, the use of elicitors and the drying and harvesting technology. In the final part I deal with the research how the public is familiar with leuzea as a medical plant.
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