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Ionizing Radiation Measurement
Podolský, Ondřej ; Pikula, Stanislav (referee) ; Beneš, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis deals with measuring of ionizing radiation. The aim is to verify the measurement methods for measuring statistical parameters of ionizing radiation sources and verification of attenuation coefficient depending on density. The first contains characteristic of ionizing radiation, shielding, detection and interaction with the environment. The thesis also focuses on the description and testing of selected statistical distributions. In conclusion deals with the practical verifications of measuring methods which may be used as a laboratory exercises in the future.
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Radiotherapy
Šipka, Petr ; Janoušek, Oto (referee) ; Kolářová, Jana (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to familiarize readers with the basics of the problem of electromagnetic and ionizing radiation, with its effects on a biological tissues and with types of ionizing radiations used in a therapy. It deals with a medical procedures in therapy planning and with procedures during therapy itself. Part of this Bachelor’s thesis is an application Radiation Calculator processed in MatLab software. Application is modeling the resulting radiation field while setting various parameters.
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Bio-electromagnetic compatibility
Matulík, Martin ; Rozsívalová, Zdenka (referee) ; Matulík, Radomír (advisor)
Following work deals with problems of effects of electromagnetic radiation on living organisms. It goes into interactions of electromagnetic radiation with environment, effects on living organisms, physical units of biological tissues and sorting types of electromagnetic radiation to determine means of protection against adverse health reactions. It enlighten means of establishing sanitary restrictions, differences in legal aspects at Czech republic and worldwide, possible medical utilization, even principles of selected diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. It looks into shielding effects of common materials, ordinarily used for protection against ionizing radiation via findings of practical measurements. Series of radiofrequency measurements has been done with precise spectrum analyzers, which should reveal some basic problems of frequency bands, ordinarily used in current period.
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Measurement of radioactive radiation
Dyntarová, Markéta ; Kolář, Radim (referee) ; Chmelař, Milan (advisor)
The theoretical part of this Bachelor thesis, „The measurement of ionizing radiation”, is devoted to certain knowledge of radiation. It is concerned with problems of ionizing radiation detection, sorts of ionizing radiation are described shortly together with its influences on human organism and with abilities of organism protection. Thesis also contains description of solid phase detectors of ionizing radiation with detailed description of gas filled detectors. The practical part of this Bachelor thesis is focused on designing of radiation detector with GM counter and realization of indication part device.
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Radioactive Waste in Hospital Facilities
Bradáč, Antonín ; Houdková, Lucie (referee) ; Tabasová, Andrea (advisor)
The thesis is focused on a little-known issue of institutional waste produced by hospitals, the creation, collection and subsequent disposal. This thesis described the distribution of waste from various aspects, especially the characteristics and their subsequent use in the effective elimination. This thesis deals with not only this issue, but trying to get closer to negative impact of ionizing radiation on the human body, not only in the current level of radiation protection, but also in terms of the historical development of different sources and work with them, especially in connection with the use of ionizing radiation in normal human activity but also through the list of nuclear accidents. The practical part of this thesis compares the three types of hospitals primarily on the basis of a personal meeting with the heads of various departments involved in the management of institutional waste, and materials derived their visit. Specifically, the hospital Atlas and Tomas Bata Regional Hospital (both situated in Zlin) and specialized workplace Masaryk cancer institute in Brno.
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Design modification of the collimator for RAW measuring system
Svoboda, Štěpán ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Šen, Hugo (advisor)
This thesis deals with structural design of collimator. Collimator is important component of radioactivity measuring device. This apparatus is made by Envinet. Collimator is part of device, which makes good conditions for measuring radioactivity, protects detector and tries avoid overload detector. In this thesis is dealt simplification of collimator. It supposed, that simplified collimator will be more reliable. This proposal saves more money, because company will not have to send employee of Envinet to service their measuring devices in a very distant countries, such as Russia, Ukraine etc.
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Analytical methods applied for the evaluation of environmental contamination by uranium ore mining
Bílek, Jiří ; Holubová, Zuzana (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
This thesis deals with the testing procedures used in monitoring of environmental contamination after uranium ore mining in the uranium mine in Dolní Rožínka. It deals with the determination of radioactive elements radium, uranium and radon. The methods used for the determination of radioactive elements in mine laboratory in Dolní Rožínka are described. The thesis also mentions other applicable methods for determination of uranium. The metods of determination of manganese, iron and other metallic elements are also summarized in brief.The values of concentrations of monitored analytes in selected locations are presented at the end of the thesis. These values, which were provided by laboratories in Dolní Rožínka, are valid for 2010.
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Vstupování nehudebních prvků do hudebních struktur
Cílková, Eliška ; RATAJ, Michal (advisor) ; TROJAN, Jan (referee)
Since the beginnings of musical art, composers have been reflecting on the social topics of their time. We can mention the great industrial revolution and Honneger's composition inspired by the Pacific 271 steam locomotive. Radioactive decay is one of the basic phenomena in the universe thanks to which our Earth is kept in balance. The first part of this work deals with a brief history and current trends in working with numbers as well as with generative music and reflections of the natural environment in music. The second part explores the history of radioactivity in conjunction with music and presentes a few examples of direct evidence that throughout the history of music, radioactivity has already been dealt with by composers. It also outlines a possible linkage of the two themes and refers to the art form of soundscape. The third part describes scientific measurements and shows on a few specific musical examples the practical possibilities of using radioactive data in compositional practice.
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Assessment of devices used by the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic in case of radiation emergency.
LOŠKOVÁ, Romana
This Thesis deals with the option of employing the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic (ACR) when a radiation emergency is imminent. Primarily, it focuses on evaluation of selected devices designed for radiation reconnaissance; summarising of radiation protection related legislation; and study of approved procedures. At its beginning, this Thesis tracks the origin of early detection systems at the territory of the then Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and their gradual evolution into the the existing form. From the radiation emergency point of view, this nationwide system represents a priceless help for monitoring of radioactive contamination dispersion and for warning. The following part sums up basic information on what is an ionizing radiation, how it comes into being and which basic quantities describe it. This part also contains basic type distinction, description of consequences for human organism and the most significant interactions of sources of ionizing radiation that could be misused with the most probability. This specific topic is introduced here because of the subsequent part of this Thesis being named Radiological Dispersion Device, or the dirty bomb. The significant part of this Thesis is the summary and classification of related legislation. The first documents referred to are two international standards. Publication 103 the 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection is dealing, inter alia, with dosing limits determining dose levels in planned exposure situations and reference levels used for emergency exposure situations and existing exposure situations. Publication 96 Protecting People against Radiation Exposure in the Event of a Radiological Attack is more substantial for this Thesis since it partly copes with the protection of front-line units including Integrated Rescue System (IRS) components and it specifies maximum exposure time for intervening personnel. Based on the IRS Catalogue of Typical Activities (STC 01/IZS), Materialised and Verified Use of a Radiological Weapon, the ACR would be one of the intervening components in such an attack. This Thesis analyses in detail individual ACR procedures starting with activities before employment, through threat prevention, event reaction to post-event activities like decontamination followed by monitoring of personnel contamination and their health condition. The practical part deals mainly with one of the Thesis´s goals which was evaluation of selected dosimetric devices used by the military for radiation reconnaissance. For this purpose, the quantitative research processing their main parameters was applied. The analysis within a selected sample was used for comparing and the sumary index IVi then showed the status of device applicability for contemporary use in radiation emergency. The pre-defined goals of this Thesis have been met implementing the above methods. The comparison of individual devices and their evaluation in respect to their applicability in joint radiation emergency operation with other IRS components has been carried out via discussion. It has been found out that some of the devices are obsolete and do not comply with the requirements for this job. This fact reflects the reality that these devices were designed in the period of a potential nuclear war. This corresponds with their robust structure and high level of sensitivity which is not desirable for a radiation emergency. The most severe problem, however, seems to be the fact that some devices measure quantities in old, no more used, units which could cause misinterpretation. On the other hand, other devices are modern, sensitive at low levels of dose input and offer real-time information on a well organised LCD display. To answer the question of ACR´s readiness to intervene in a radiation emergency one has to say that the ACR is ready to meet its rescue and consequence management tasks at a satisfactory level.
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