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Economic Impact of Multilingualism in the EU
Petkevič, Daniel ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Bič, Josef (referee)
The objective of the thesis is to analyse the questions of multilingualism in the EU from a large range of aspects, in particular from the one associated with its economic impact. The thesis aims to find answers to the questions concerning the necessity or uselessness of a large number of the EU official languages, the impact of multilingualism on its competitiveness and the future of multilingualism in the EU. The first chapter introduces the context of multilingualism in the EU from the administrative, political, juridical, historical and philological points of view. It also shows the development of the EU multilingualism policy. The most important second chapter focuses on the economic aspects of multilingualism in the EU. It analyses the controversial case of the unified European patent and its translations, the ELAN study exploring the effects of insufficient foreign language skills in enterprise on European economy and lastly the report of the Business Forum on multilingualism considering the impact of language skills on business and employment in the EU. The third chapter depicts the main goals of the actual EU strategy for multilingualism in a broader, not only economic context. The fourth chapter is a practical study prepared by the author which presents opinions of 25 Czech specialists working with EU languages of the questions considered in the first three chapters. The thesis confirms the necessity of retaining the actual number of EU official langages, mainly for political reasons. It also points out the economic potential involved in the foreign languages which would -- under certain circumstances -- strenghten the competitiveness of the EU. In the future the multilingualism is expected to be retained and even more encouraged by the EU institutions, member states and by the private sector with the objective of a better utilization of its potential.
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Problems of First Aid for Spinal Injuries in Aquatic Sports
Sazima, Michal ; Miler, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kaufman, Jan (referee)
The challenges of dealing with spinal injuries in aquatic situation Aim: The aim of this thesis is to unify the positions of various educational programs on the issue spinal injuries. The main material has become a time-tested and recommended by experts in emergency procedures help with spinal injuries in the water, presented Czech school rescue the drowning. Regards rotation instructional video in accordance with that practice. The ultimate goal is the creation of video programs that facilitate and improve teaching block dedicated to spinal trauma. results: The result of this work is a video program that will contribute to the improvement of teaching first aid for injuries Spine water in schools, workplaces and organizations dealing with this issue. Keywords: First aid, spinal injury, Water Rescue Service of the Czech Red Cross, spinal board, spineboard Překladač Google pro firmy:Translator ToolkitPřekladač webových stránekNás Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Questions of Translation in the Scientific Journal Naše Řeč (Our Speech).
MEDLÍNOVÁ, Hana
Based on the study of specific literature, I define the position of the Naše řeč magazine between specialised linguistic journals and magazines. I concentrated myself on the topics of translations in the individual issues of the magazine from the periodical and philological points of view. I classified types of genres (articles, reviews and messages, details, call box) and famous author characters in whose cases I observed if the translation topics were only circumstantial or if they dedicated themselves systematically to that issue. In my work I also included an extensive resume in Spanish.
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Translating titles: strategies in translating the titles of American fiction into Czech
Hanžlová, Jitka ; Beran, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pilný, Ondřej (referee)
The position of the title of a literary work within the context of the whole work is undoubtedly a special one; consequently, its translation is no less important. The aim of this BA thesis is to focus on the strategies that have been used in translating the titles of American fiction into Czech since 1945. Attention is paid especially to the titles in which some kind of shift in comparison with the original version may be discerned. The work is divided into two parts; the introductory section is theoretical and concentrates on the general characterization of a title, on the way it is structured from the grammatical, formal and stylistic points of view, and on the functions that are attributed to book titles in general. In the following chapter, the standards expected to be fulfilled while translating a book title are described at first. Furthermore, the factors that influence the final shape of the titles in the target language are divided there into two basic groups - objective and subjective. Within the first category, causes such as discrepancies between the two language systems, for example question tags, gerunds or conversion, differences between the aspects of American and Czech life and institutions, and the influence of literary tradition can be found. In the latter category, translating strategies...
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Aspects of Mental and Social Health of Adolescent in Relation to the Circadian rhythm.
VAŠINOVÁ, Iveta
This thesis deals with the mental and social health of adolescents in relation to their circadian rhythm. The theoretical part is focused on the fundamental insight into the problems of mental and social health, the definition and characterization of adolescence, the idea of circadian rhythms and sleep hygiene is also included. As for the research section, the default file survey was formed by 300 adolescents aged 15-18 years from secondary schools in České Budějovice in proportion of 150 girls and 150 boys. The average age of respondents was 16 years. Data were obtained under the project No. GAJU 101/2011/S "psychosocial and somatic parameters in comparison to the circadian rhythm" during the period September 2011 - March 2012. The method of research questions was formed by the selection of 2 standardized questionnaires. The questions of the concept of social quality of life questionnaire, Cummins (1997), ComQoL - S5 which was translated and adapted for the conditions of the Czech Republic. The issues related to the circadian rhythms are selected from the circadian typology questionnaire, CIT (Harada, Krejci, 2010). The data obtained were analyzed by using basic statistical methods and calculations.
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Simultaneous interpreting using a paper copy of the speech with a focus on "paper copy of the speech" and "subjectivity" as the two major variables
Jánský, Dušan ; Rejšková, Jana (referee) ; Abdallaova, Naděžda (advisor)
This theoretical-empirical work is focused on the dependence between the variables "paper copy of the speech" and "subjectivity" in simultaneous interpreting. In the theoretical part of this thesis, the hitherto research in this field has been covered and the explored questions ha ve been categorized within the paradigm of translation studies. Within the framework of the translational model by Heidemarie Salevsky, an attempt was made to identify and confine the major variables that occur in simultaneous interpreting with a paper copy ofthe speech. Then, based on past research on this subject, a detailed description was made ofthe factors paper and subjectivity. In addition, a categorization ofthe types of subjectivity was made for the analysis of the individua! papers. In the empirical part of this work, based on the available knowledge of the main factors and on the analysis of all speeches, a hypothesis was formulated on the dependence between the factors paper and subjectivity for the individua! speeches and for all speeches jointly. Furthermore, an auxiliary hypothesis was formulated on the dependence between paper, subjectivity and the studenťs class level (proficiency). After conducting the experiment and evaluating the individua! interpreting performances based on the evaluation method described in...
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Mixed Choir a Cappella by Otta Albert Tichý
Klima, Tomáš ; Valášek, Marek (advisor) ; Stříteská, Leona (referee)
Otto Albert Tichy, a Moravian native from Martinkov was born in 1890 and died in 1973 during his visit to the St. Vitus cathedral. He was a composer (mostly of religious music), a teacher, a writer and a translator. He composed more than 300 pieces. In this text, part of his work is discussed - the mixed choirs without accompaniment (a cappella). Mixed choir records were completely digitalised and the printed materials were compared with the original autographs preserved. Thanks to the midi files created, any amateur conductor, or anyone else interested in Tichy's work can listen to his pieces, even without knowing how to play any musical instrument. All translations of religious compositions (originally mainly in Latin) are included and categorised according to the liturgical year. In the final part of the text, Tichy's composition style is shown, based on the knowledge of conductors that have worked with his compositions (including the author of this text). In some chosen pieces, the problems with interpretation and rehearsals are displayed.
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Football metaphors in Czech and French media and the question of their translation
Tomášková, Lenka ; Šotolová, Jovanka (advisor) ; Duběda, Tomáš (referee)
This master thesis deals with the metaphor in the Czech and French media that write about football. It analyses the text corpus which is a compilation of articles and reportages taken from Czech and French newspapers and the internet. Based on the comparison of the parallel samples drawn from the excerpted material, the question of translating the figurative sense is put in the light of the cognitive linguistics which considers the metaphor as a tool for conceptualizing the world. The first part is devoted to the explanation of a theoretical background and thus it integrates the discussed issue in a broader context. The principle of the journalistic functional style with its features and its typical phraseology, including figurative expressions, is presented. Subsequently, the metaphor is treated in the diachronic perspective and then the problem of the metaphor is outlined in the framework of translation studies. In the second part of the work, the main areas from which the football metaphors draw are defined. The analysis of the excerpted material focuses on the comparison of the cases of figurative sense traced in the texts. The data examples are discussed while emphasizing the linguistic-translation aspect. The conclusion summarizes the findings that arise from the analysis and it considers the...
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Euthanasia (in terms of some European countries - comparison)
Matuchová, Helena ; Císařová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Sovová, Olga (referee)
Résumé Euthanasia is and always will be a hot topic of very heated debate among both non specialists and experts. The purpose of my thesis is to provide the reader with information about euthanasia and a list of rules dealing with the issue of euthanasia in selected countries. The introduction outlines the problems of euthanasia. The second chapter is devoted to clarifying the content of the notion of euthanasia, which comes from the Greek word for the phrase, "eu" meaning good and "thanatos" meaning death, a "good death", sometimes we can also meet the looser translation of euthanasia as a beautiful death. The content of the notion of euthanasia in the course of history changed. Today we see euthanasia as an act which one person intentionally ends the life of another person's own request with the intent to end her suffering. In the chapter are identified and defined forms of euthanasia, especially active and passive. The third chapter deals with the European Union's attitude to euthanasia. No law of the European Union explicitly addressed the euthanasia. Health policy in principle falls within the competence of national governments. And every Member State has its own position on the issue of euthanasia. In this chapter, I mention the idea and recommendations of the Council of Europe, though it isn't the...
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Dutch professional language usage and problems of translation into Czech
Fialová, Eva ; Hrnčířová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Rakšányiová, Jana (referee)
Dutch Professional Language Usage and Problems of Translation into Czech Abstract This thesis analyzes the Dutch technical language with a focus on the legal language. The first part is devoted to general problems of translation and translation of the technical language, including theoretical elaboration on terminology and equivalence. After that the thesis deals with specific problems of the translation of the legal language. Next part of the thesis is devoted to a linguistic analysis of the Dutch legal language. It is followed by an analysis of the equivalence of Dutch and Czech legal terms along with solutions of the translation of zero equivalence. The final part deals with practical translation of the Dutch legal texts into the Czech. The aim of the work is an example of practical application of theoretical knowledge on the translation of legal language.
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