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Culture, gender and power
Ferrarová, Eva ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Matějů, Martin (referee) ; Pavlík, Petr (referee)
The dissertation focuses on a theoretical analysis of feminist theories in the context of social and cultural evolutionary changes. Special attention is paid to the culturological connections between gender, culture, and power. The aim of my reflexion is to describe concrete solutions offered by various feminist theories and schools from the perspective of improvement of the women's position in the society. The key of understanding the women's position in the society are gender behavioural patterns and gender stereotypes accepted and further reproduced by the majority culture. Hence attention is paid to a transformation of these patterns and stereotypes and a study of reasons why women were excluded from public life. Theoretical and empirical analysis of the women's exclusion from public life and searching for an answer to the question why women and the femininity are on the value ladder in the society behind men and the masculinity is a significant part of the dissertation. The results obtained by this research were used to verify how much gender influences basic social institutions (family, education system, labour market, and politics) in the contemporary Czech society.
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Perception of physical activities students ZSF
PRŮKOVÁ, Iva
This bachelor thesis deals with the perception of physical activities by the students of Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice (hereafter referred to as ZSF). Regular physical activities are one of the basic areas of a positive influence on our health. As sufficient movement activities positively affect our physical and even mental health, the lack of movement activities has a negative impact on our health. The absence of physical activities increases the risk of various diseases such as problems with motion system, circulation of the blood, digestive system. A very widespread problem of the lack of physical activities is excessive deposition of fat reserves which cause overweight and eventually obesity. Obesity is a big worldwide problem. The solution of these health problems is sufficient movement. In the introduction to the theoretical part of this thesis, the reader is familiarized with the basic concepts. At first, there is a description of fundamental concept of physical activity. After this, there is a characteristic of movement activities such as motivation, division, selection and importance in the theoretical part. This is followed by a section describing lifestyle, leisure, health and diseases. These terms are closely related to physical activities, therefore this subsection is focused on the risks of absence of physical activities and on the other hand on the risks of addiction to sport. The following two subsections describe both positive and negative influences on health. The positive influence includes adequate exercises, optimal body weight, sleep and nutrition. The main causes for negative impacts for health include the lack of movement, inappropriate nutrition obesity, stress and addictive substances. The last theoretical subchapter describes the target group of this research, the university students. It focuses on their leisure time, stress that they experience especially during the exam period and mainly their physical activities. Finally, the target group of students of ZSF is described. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to determine what knowledge about physical activities these students have. It means to find out whether they have knowledge about the risk of the lack of exercises and if they know how to positively affect their own health. Another goal was to determine what their relationship to physical activities is. Whether they do exercises regularly and how often, how intensively and what movement activities they prefer. The practical part of the bachelor thesis is processed with a quantitative method via an electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire was completed by 232 full-time ZSF students. The questions in the questionnaire have been built to meet the identified objectives. Total questionnaire contained 19 questions. First, the questions were aimed at finding basic information about respondents such as gender, field of study, year of study and age. The second part of the questionnaire was directed to provide answers whether the ZSF students have sufficient awareness of influences on health. The last third part of questionnaire examined specific physical activities that respondents have performed and in what frequency and intensity they have done it. The results were compiled in graphs and summarized in the discussion where they were compared with research ongoing in 2010 in the entire University of South Bohemia. In conclusion, the recommendation for the management of the faculty how to support physical activities of their students has been proposed.
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Poverty and solitude ratio among generation 65+
NEJEDLÁ, Kateřina
The thesis deals with the life of people over sixty-five years, with special focus on financial security and loneliness. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the problems of aging and aging-related changes. Following chapters are devoted to the issues of poverty, gender inequalities in old age and social exclusion. Furthermore, according to the available scientific literature, i describe the themes of loneliness, the impact of loneliness on health and the importance of interpersonal relationships on the issue of loneliness. The thesis aims to better understand the impact of life events and life circumstances on poverty and loneliness in the lives of respondents, and how were these aspects perceived and experienced in the past. Also how do they perceive their current situation, especially in the area of the financial safety and loneliness. There was random selection of five respondents for the research with special objectives in mind equal participation both men and women and living alone after divorce or widowhood and marriage / partnership. These respondents retold their life stories with the help of extensive narrative interviews, which I later transcribed in detail and carefully read through, not to omit important milestones in their lives, which helped me to accomplish the aim of the thesis. For the practical part of the thesis I have chosen the strategy of qualitative research using narrative interviews. Narrative mode is based on a unique and compelling life story presentation with an emphasis on life experience. This technique is suitable for the older generation, which was also confirmed during the research. Two main questions were established for the research. 1.Did the experienced life events and life circumstances influence poverty and loneliness in their current lives? 2. How they perceived and experienced the poverty and loneliness during their lifetime? To answer these questions, it was necessary to keep the conversation arend relevant topics. The research resulted in the following conclusions. Surprisingly, respondents feel no poverty, although the level of their pension is often very near poverty area. Poverty is percieved as the situation of nothing to eat, nowhere to live and no means of subsistence. The explanation lies in the fact that all respondents lived in a time and place where you had to make do with less, and it is the source of their modesty and unpretentiousness. All respondents agree that the transition to retirement was an important milestone in their lives. Altough current pensions doesn't provide for that much activities they were accustomed to, they don't perceive their situation as feeling poor. You can say, that a modest life prepare respondents for life in retirement. In a similar way, respondents expressed the theme of loneliness. In all the interviews family was dominating factor. Respondents living in villages and small sized towns declare to maintain good neighbor relationships, often lasting from the time of childhood. Loneliness is most often associated with the loss of a partner. In the stories of two female respondents, there was loneliness occurance after the death of a partner. This period is stated as the worst in their life and they felt most alone then. Currently the loneliness is compensated by their children and grandchildren.
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Social cohesion – theory and research. Public opinion on social cohesion in Czech Republic
Sedláčková, Markéta ; Šafr, Jiří
The article presents sociological concepts of social cohesion as the base for the survey of social equality on macro societal level. The empirical part, based on the public opinion Our society 2004 and 2005, discusses opinions of Czech people on the notion of social cohesion and its sources. Further we analyze interpersonal trust and evaluation of interpersonal relations in Czech society and their connectedness to social status and subjective attitudes and evaluations.
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Relation between a doctor and a nurse
Kulichová, Blanka ; Mellanová, Alena (advisor) ; Mlýnková, Jana (referee)
This dissertation is meant to be both theoretical and empirical, focused on characterization of a relation between a doctor and a nurse, and on an ascertainment of doctors' attitude towards nurses. A man's position and functioning inside a group is defined in the theoretical part from a sociology point of view. A special attention is paid to social conditions of work as well as problems of social contacts among people. A doctor's and nurse's occupation is assessed here from a historical point of view as well. The main emphasis is laid upon describing a relation between a doctor and a nurse. I described here a mutual relation between the two groups including possible interactions between them from a gender point of view. Reasons of possible conflicts between doctors and nurses are given here. A description and a possibility of a due communication among medical staff and a strategy of an improvement of their mutual relation is another necessary part. A research part of the dissertation is focused on an ascertainment of doctors' attitude towards nurses. I wondered what the current standard of a relation between doctors and nurses was, whether a nurse was an equivalent partner for a doctor and whether he considered her to be a real specialist in sector of nursing. I also wanted to find out what causes of...
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Generativity in young adulthood: Pilot study
Millová, Katarína ; Lacko, D. ; Pástorová, I. ; Pecková, A.
Generativity as creativity, productivity, and care for other people or transmitting values to future generations is an important developmental task that should be completed during adulthood. Young adulthood is very important for its development since some aspects may reach its peak just at the beginning of adulthood. The aim of the research was to gain insight into generativity in young adulthood in the context of other personality characteristics. Sample consisted of 54 university students (24 women, average age 21.4 years) who completed the online questionnaire: LGS - generative concern, GBC - generative behavior, Gen-Current – generativity structure, Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood, Social SOC Questionnaire, and Self-Concept Clarity Scale. Generativity - Current Questionnaire has been used in the sample of young adults for the first time. It describes social, cultural, technical and environmental generativity. Factor analysis (varimax rotation) did not confirm the existence of these types as individual factors. Correlation analysis revealed a relationship between generativity and experimentation/possibilities, self-focus (LGS and Gen-Current), other-focus (Gen-Current), /nand social self-regulation (GBC, Gen-Current). For self-concept clarity was confirmed no significant relationship. We have not identified any gender differences in generativity. The strongest predictor of generativity was social self-regulation (generative concern), experimentation/possibilities (generative action) and self-focus (generativity structure).
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Dichotomy of fair and dark as representation of the discourses of power in the works of Libuše Moníková "for black chickens!"
Koutková, Lucie ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Pfeiferová, Dana (referee) ; Weinberg, Manfred (referee)
Dichotomy of fair and dark as representation of the discourses of power in the works of Libuše Moníková. "For black chickens!" The focus of this work, the figure of fair and dark (Hell- Dunkel-Figur), stands in the novels of Libuše Moníková as a representative example of the use of dichotomies as a repres- entation principle in the fictional literature. The figure is also seen as the means of critical fictional response to Mod- ernism. The figure of fair and dark which occurs in Pavane für eine verstorbene Infantin, in Treibeis, Der Taumel and Die Fassade is derived from the search for female identity in the context of two major areas - the control of the individual body and the body politic through the biopolitics and the sub- versive undermining of social constraint mechanisms. The study uses the "figurative method" (Auerbach) to describe the nature and functions of the fair and dark dichotomy and interprets the figure in relation to the female protagonists in two steps: The performance of the identity determination, with the consequence that biopolitical stereotypes and constraints as- signed by society are discarded in favor of identity as an artist/writer (Pavane für eine verstorbene Infantin, Treibeis), and as the personification of art in the form of Muses occupying the place of the mother...
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The impact of a theatre institution on the forming of values of secondary school student
ČASTORALOVÁ, Hana
The Bachelor thesis "The influence of theater institution on forming of values of secondary school students" deals with the process of forming the adolescents' values as well as with factors which have got influence on this process, focused on the analysis of theatre institution influence. Characteristics of the adolescence in light of biological, psychological and social mutation is dealt with in the theoretical part, followed by definition of terms such as value, value system, crisis of the value, education, valuable education, and process of socialization. Forming the values in the period of puberty is specially pointed out. The theoretical part is concluded by defining the influence of the environment on formation of the values, focused on the cultural environment. Resources and the results of the research, which was performed using questionnaire, are described in the practical part of the thesis. Connections and dependences between theater institution and influence on forming the value system of the respondents - grammar school students - were taken into account.
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The Analysis of the Intradepartment directives in Terms of an Allowance Organization
VEJVAROVÁ, Aneta
The subject of this thesis was to analyse intradepartment accounting directives chosen allowance organisation Elementary School and Kindergarten Košetice. The basis for the entire work was to define procedures for creating and registration directives, determinate basic procedural requirements and to characterize the content of individual directives. These findings are followed in the practical part, in which the analysis of eight intradepartment accounting directives, that the organization has established, was made out. It was found out if directives have all their formal treatment, prescribed requirements, completeness and timeliness under applicable law. After analysing and evaluating two directives were chosen, concretely directives for the registration and accounting of tangible and intangible assets and inventory and directives for the provision and billing of travel expenses that have been updated. The remaining directives were added with recommendations of how the missing data should be complemented by the directives. At the end a new directive for fund of cultural and social needs was created.
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ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORARY LIFE-STYLE ACCORDING TO GILLES LIPOVETSKY AND MICHEL MAFFESOLI: COMPARISON AND CONFRONTATION OF SELECTED THEMES, PROBLEMS AND CONTROVERSIES
VOLEK, Jan
The thesis analyzes and compares the approaches of two authors dealing with phenomena in contemporary society. It focuses mainly on issues of lifestyle and values. The thesis asks questions related to socialization and individualization of society. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is about definition of the basic terms (postmodernism, lifestyle, values). The second part is devoted to the concept of Gilles Lipovetsky. The third part focuses on the concept of Michel Maffesoli. In the fourth section, there is a comparison of these two concepts, where we are primarily focused on tracing argumentation clashes and controversies. In the final part, there is the presentation of the main questions and ideas, that come out on the basis of this comparison.
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